Physico-chemistry and cytotoxicity of ceramics

Abstract

General cytotoxicity was assayed for ceramic (AI20 a, ZrO2/Y2Oa, AIN, B4C, BN, SiC, Si3N 4, TiB, TiC, TiN) diamond and graphite powders, using 3T3 Balb/c permanent cell lines. Neutral red test was carried out in order to establish cell viability. Further investigations were undertaken on human differentiated cells (human umbilical venous endothelial cells): cell behaviour (MTT assay, total cell protein content) and differentiation (immunofluorescence) were studied. In both cases, no cytotoxic effect has been noticed. All the impurities contained at low concentration in these powders do not seem to present any effect. The correlation which has been previously observed between cytotoxicity-cell culture response and blood haemolysis for polymers has not been established here for ceramic powders. We conclude that all the ceramic powders tested here and therefore the corresponding bulk ceramics or ceramic coatings do not induce any cytotoxic effect.

Biological efficacy of two mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA)-based materials in a canine model of pulpotomy

“…Zirconium oxide is a radiopacifier with the characteristics of biocompatibility 25) and radiopacity 26) and an ability to accelerate hydration 27) . In a previous study of radiopacifier replacement in Portland cement, zirconium oxide was reported not to participate in the hydration reaction 28) and not to affect its physical properties 29) .…”

In vivo and in vitro outcomes of alumina, zirconia and their composited ceramic-on-ceramic hip joints

“…20), 21) In vitro experimentation both by Covacci et al and Silva et al had showed absence of mutations 22), 23) and it is also not cytotoxic. 24)26) The mechanical properties of Zirconia are similar to Stainless Steel. Its resistance to tensile and compression resistance are about 9001200 MPa and 2000 MPa respectively.…”

Resin Bonding to Silicatized Zirconia with Two Isocyanatosilanes and a Cross-linking Silane. Part I: Experimental

“…Dental zirconia is a dense ceramic biomaterial that has a compression resistance of about 2,000 MPa [3]. Moreover, many investigations on the biocompatibility of yttria-modified zirconia have reported no cytotoxic effects on in vitro cell cultures [4] and no adverse in vivo tissue reactions in animals [5]. However, the bonding between zirconia and resin cement is relatively weak owing to the extremely inert character of zirconia.…”