Physico-chemical properties of biodiesel manufactured from waste frying oil using domestic adsorbents

Abstract

We have evaluated the efficiency of sugar cane bagasse ash (SCBA), date palm seed carbon (DPSC), and rice husk ash (RHA) as natural adsorbents and compared them with the synthetic adsorbent Magnesol XL for improving the quality of waste frying oil (WFO) and for the impact on the physicochemical properties of the obtained biodiesel. We measured moisture content, refractive index (RI), density, acid value (AV), iodine value (IV), peroxide value (PV), and saponification value (SV), as well as fatty acid profile. Purification treatments with various levels of adsorbents caused significant (P ≤ 0.05) decreases in free fatty acids (FFAs), PVs, and IVs. The highest yields (86.45 and 87.80%) were observed for biodiesel samples produced from WFO treated with 2% Magnesol and 3% of RHA, respectively, followed by samples treated with 2 and 3% of DPSC or RHA. Pre-treatments caused a significant decrease in the content of C 18:2 linoleic acids, consistent with a significant increase in the content of monounsaturated and saturated fatty acids (MUFA) in the treated samples. The highest oxidation value (COX) (1.30) was observed for biodiesel samples produced from WFO without purification treatments. However, the lowest values (0.44–0.73) were observed for biodiesel samples produced from WFO treated with different levels of adsorbents. Our results indicate that pre-treatments with different levels of adsorbents regenerated the quality of WFO and improved the quality of the obtained biodiesel.

Regeneration of Used Frying Palm Oil with Coffee Silverskin (CS), CS Ash (CSA) and Nanoparticles of CS (NCS)

“…10 . Polar substances dissolve best in polar solvents 8,12 . The obtained levels of polar compounds after applying filtration treatments are in good agreement with those of oil quality regulations of International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry 32 .…”

“…Different adsorbents including active carbon of date palm seeds, silica, clay, diatomaceous earth clay, charcoal, sugar cane industry waste ash, rice husk ash, oyster shell, kaolin, calcined magnesium hydroxide and Magnesol XL have been used to regenerate the quality of used frying oil 8 12 . Several studies have been conducted to produce low-cost and effective adsorbents from cheaper and readily available materials 12,13 .…”

“…The major advantage of using low cost adsorbents is that, they can be used in treatment process, then disposed of without any associated costs for regeneration 6,8,12 . Coffee silverskin CS is a thin integument of the outer layer of green coffee beans obtained as a by-product of the roasting process and represents about 4.2 w/w of coffee beans 14 .…”

Stabilization of Neem Oil Biodiesel with Corn Silk Extract during Long-term Storage

“…1 filter paper using vacuum filtration. The vacuum filtration facilitates the oil flow through the filter paper 26 . Filtrated neem oil was heated at 70 and hot water 80-85 was added 1:1 v/v .…”

“…Peroxide value of fresh neem oil biodiesel was 2.4 millieguivalent peroxides/ kg Table 2 . The iodine number is an index of the number of double bonds in biodiesel, and therefore is a parameter that quantifies the degree of unsaturation of biodiesel 26 .…”