Physico-chemical Characterization of the Soils of New Localities of Côte d’Ivoire: Case of the Departments of Man (West) and Toumodi (Centre)

Abstract

In order to assess the suitability of soils for rubber cultivation in the departments of Man and Toumodi, two new rubber-growing areas, a study was carried out to evaluate the physical, physico-chemical and chemical characteristics of soils under rubber trees (Hevea brasiliensis). The methodology used consisted of a physical description of twelve soil pits, coupled with chemical analyses of the soil samples taken. The pedological profiles carried out revealed that these soils belong mainly to the Ferralsol class with distinctive characteristics, except for those of Kimoukro (Toumodi) which belong to the Cambisol class. The Toumodi soils, of silty-clay-sandy texture, are provided with coarse elements (≥30 p.c) with good internal drainage in the surface horizons. More or less deep, depending on the topographical position, Toumodi soils are slightly acidic (pH = 6) and less supplied with nitrogen and exchangeable bases. The soils of Man, on the other hand, have a sandy-clay texture, with more than 30 p.c. of clay from the surface to the depths. The bulk density (Da = 1.6 ≥ 1.5 g/cm3) was higher for the soils of this locality compared to those of Toumodi (Da = 0.8 ≤ 1 g/cm3). The soils of Man, which are less rich in nitrogen and carbon, are more acidic (pH = 5.4). Exchangeable base contents and CEC are high, mainly in the upper surface horizons.