Physico‐Chemical and Kinetic Evaluation of a Combined Vertical Settler/Self‐Aerated Unit for Wastewater Treatment and Reuse

Abstract

Water resource limitation is one of the crises facing many countries worldwide. The work aims to apply a compact unit consisting of a vertical settler (VS) followed by a self‐aerated chamber (SAC) for wastewater treatment. The dimensions of the unit are 2 × 1 × 2.5 m for length, width, and height, respectively. The hydraulic retention time (HRT) is 5 h in the VS for performance study while for the kinetic study the HRT is 4, 6, 8, 10, to 12 h. The unit is packed with a non‐woven fabric material produced from waste plastic. The influent organic concentrations expressed by chemical and biological oxygen demand (CODtot and BOD) are 367.7 and 254.7 mg L−1, respectively. The concentrations of CODtot and BOD in the treated effluent are 78.8 and 80.5% to 36.7 and 16.6 mg L−1, respectively. The prevailed removal kinetic for COD and nitrogen (N) concentrations is the second‐order reaction kinetic. With the exception of fecal coliform (FC), the final treated effluent meet the National regulatory requirements. The disinfection step is essential to reuse the final treated effluent safely. The unit can serve 100 p.e. in rural and unserved areas in developing countries with area of 2–3 m2.

Adsorption of Chromium, Copper, Lead, Selenium, and Zinc ions into ecofriendly synthesized magnetic iron nanoparticles

“…Eqs 1 and 2 were used to determine the amount of metal ions adsorbed at equilibrium (qe) and the percentage removed (R%). Where q e (mg/g) represents the amount of ions adsorbed at equilibrium, V (L) is the volume of the solution, W (g) is the mass of the nanoparticles used, C i , and C e (mg/L) represents metal ion concentrations at initial and equilibrium conditions, respectively [ 20 ].…”

Microeukaryotic communities diversity with a special emphasis on protozoa taxa in an integrated wastewater treatment system

“…The influent COD tot , BOD and TSS were reduced by 63.4%, 66.3%, and 70%, to be 141.3, 99.7, and 41.8 mg/l, respectively (Table 2). The decrease in the pH value and the reduction in COD, BOD, and TSS levels attributed to the degradation of organic loads in the anaerobic environment and production of fatty acids (acidogenesis and methanogenesis processes) [10,[32][33][34][35]. The FC count was reduced from 1.0 × 10 7 to 3.9 × 10 5 (two log units).…”

Low-cost membrane from polyethylene terephthalate bottle waste for water purification and chromium removal: modification and application

“…11,12 Plastic bottles of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) are a type of plastic waste that is frequently encountered in daily life. Waste PET bottles are commonly reused in packaging foods and drinks 13 and recycled for wastewater treatment [14][15][16][17] applications. The issue of expensive membrane materials and environmental contamination could be solved using PET waste in low-cost membrane materials.…”