Physical violence during pregnancy: maternal complications and birth outcomes*1

Cokkinides, Vilma; Coker, Ann L.; Sanderson, Maureen; Addy, Cheryl L.; Bethea, Lesa

doi:10.1016/s0029-7844(98)00486-4

Cited by 188 publications

(186 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In this study, lifetime trauma exposure was associated with tobacco use, suggesting that individuals exposed to trauma are more likely to engage in negative health behaviors or attempts to self medicate. Unlike previous studies of pregnant women [17,45,46] we did not find an association between trauma and alcohol or illicit drug use in this sample of African American women. It could be argued that the self-report method used to assess substance use as opposed to toxicology results could have resulted in underreporting.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…Trauma prevalence estimates using national probability samples of women range from 51 to 69% [13,14]. Women are at greater risk for trauma during their reproductive years with pregnancy being a particularly vulnerable time for both the woman and her fetus [12,[15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. Thus an examination of the cumulative effects of trauma exposure is of particular importance to provide insight on its relationship to perinatal health.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Exploration of Lifetime Trauma Exposure in Pregnant Low-income African American Women

Dailey

Humphreys

Rankin

et al. 2008

Matern Child Health J

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Objectives-The objective of this study was to describe the occurrence of lifetime trauma exposure in relation to perinatal health outcomes in low-income African American women.Methods-One hundred and sixteen pregnant African American women recruited from two public prenatal clinics participated in this exploratory study. Information was obtained about psychological symptoms, medical conditions, prenatal care utilization, and health behaviors. To measure lifetime trauma exposure, women completed the Trauma History Questionnaire. Maternal and infant outcome data were obtained from the medical records following delivery.Results-The occurrence of trauma exposure was high, with 87% of the women reporting at least one traumatic event. Their mean age was 25 years, 21% were primiparas, and they reported a mean of 4.3 ± 3.5 (median = 3) traumatic events during their lifetime. Crime-related experiences were common and included incidents of family or friends being murdered or killed (40%), robberies (23%), home burglaries (14%), attacks with weapons (13%), and muggings (12%). Lifetime trauma exposure was significantly associated with depressive symptoms, anxiety, and generalized stress. Women with greater lifetime trauma exposure had a higher rate of tobacco use, higher rate of premature rupture of membranes, and longer maternal hospital stay. Conclusion-Low-incomeAfrican American women in this sample experienced a variety of traumatic events. Lifetime trauma exposure was associated with adverse perinatal health. Findings suggest the need to further investigate trauma across the lifespan to better understand the impact of these experiences on the reproductive health and well-being of women and their infants.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Exploration of Lifetime Trauma Exposure in Pregnant Low-income African American Women

Dailey

Humphreys

Rankin

et al. 2008

Matern Child Health J

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“…13,14,23,34 The scientific literature has highlighted that victimised women face compromised decision making regarding contraceptive use and family planning. 11,35,36 Our results are congruent with the literature: in both groups of women, we found a lack of joint couple decision making on contraception, but interestingly the magnitude of the effect on outcomes was higher among PP women.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are There Differences in the Impact of Partner Violence on Reproductive Health Between Postpartum Women and Women Who Had an Elective Abortion?

et al. 2012

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The aim of this study was to determine if the effects of intimate partner violence (IPV) in the previous 12 months (current IPV) on newborn's health, pregnancy outcomes and couple's reproductive behaviours were different for postpartum (PP) women as compared to women who had undergone an elective abortion (EA) in Trieste (Italy). This study is part of an unmatched case-control study. The major findings are that current IPV was positively associated with previous stillbirth among both groups of women, but the association was only marginally significant. Among EA women only, current IPV was significantly associated with previous miscarriages (adjusted odds ratio, 2.41; 95 %CI, 1.13-5.14). In both groups of women, current IPV was associated with a lack of joint couple decision making about contraception; however, the magnitude of this effect was higher among PP women. This study reveals that IPV was associated with poor obstetrical history among both groups of women. But the associations of current IPV with previous EA and couple reproductive behaviours were stronger among PP women.

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“…The instrument's adequacy has been ratified by the auspicious psychometric evaluations carried out in different contexts, be it in Brazil (18)(19)(20) or elsewhere (48)(49)(50) . The option for collecting data after childbirth was another positive point, since applying the instrument during the postpartum period may have helped to detect situations of violence occurring or intensifying right at the end of pregnancy (51) . The multivariate approach used to analyse the data, based on a comprehensive theoretical model as a guide to control important potential confounders and test for possible mediators, may also strengthen the validity of the results (52) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Severe physical violence between intimate partners during pregnancy: a risk factor for early cessation of exclusive breast-feeding

Moraes

Oliveira

Reichenheim

et al. 2011

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: To investigate the role of severe physical violence during pregnancy (SPVP) between intimate partners in early cessation of exclusive breast-feeding (EBF). Design: A health services survey. The revised Conflict Tactics Scale was used to characterize SPVP; premature breast-feeding cessation was identified using a current status data approach, which was based on the information reported from food recall during the preceding 7 d. The cumulative hazard function was estimated by complementary log-log transformation models, which allowed the ensuing estimation of early breast-feeding cessation rates in different age groups and the ratio of rates of weaning between women exposed and not exposed to violence. Setting: Five large public primary health-care facilities of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Subjects: The sample comprised 811 randomly selected mothers of children under 5 months of age who were waiting to be consulted. Results: SPVP is an independent risk factor of cessation of EBF since, after controlling for socio-economic, demographic, reproductive and lifestyle variables, women exposed to violence presented an incidence density that was 31 % higher than those who were not exposed (hazard ratio 5 1?30, 95 % CI 1?01, 1?69). Conclusions: The findings corroborate the hypothesis that SPVP is an important risk factor for EBF. This indicates the need for incentives to adequately train healthcare personnel in dealing with lactating women in order to gain a broader view of breast-feeding beyond the biological aspects of lactation, including the maternal psychological dimension.

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Physical violence during pregnancy: maternal complications and birth outcomes*1

Abstract: Physical violence during the 12 months before delivery is common and is associated with adverse maternal conditions. The findings support the need for research on how to screen for physical violence early in pregnancy and to prevent its consequences.

Cited by 188 publications

References 22 publications

An Exploration of Lifetime Trauma Exposure in Pregnant Low-income African American Women

An Exploration of Lifetime Trauma Exposure in Pregnant Low-income African American Women

Are There Differences in the Impact of Partner Violence on Reproductive Health Between Postpartum Women and Women Who Had an Elective Abortion?

Severe physical violence between intimate partners during pregnancy: a risk factor for early cessation of exclusive breast-feeding

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