Physical Validation Testing of a Smart Tire Prototype for Estimation of Tire Forces

Bastiaan, Jennifer

doi:10.4271/2018-01-1117

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Lee et al [9] also used machine learning for monitoring wheels for railway vehicles. Bastiaan [10] used piezoelectric deformation sensors, in concert with an artificial neural network, to estimate tire forces developed at the contact patch. Ergen et al [11] and Savaresi et al [12] used accelerometers to estimate tire forces.…”

Section: Review Of Published Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intelligent Tire Prototype in Longitudinal Slip Operating Conditions

Bastiaan,

Chawan,

Eum

et al. 2024

Sensors

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With the recent advances in autonomous vehicles, there is an increasing need for sensors that can help monitor tire–road conditions and the forces that are applied to the tire. The footprint area of a tire that makes direct contact with the road surface, known as the contact patch, is a key parameter for determining a vehicle’s effectiveness in accelerating, braking, and steering at various velocities. Road unevenness from features such as potholes and cracks results in large fluctuations in the contact patch surface area. Such conditions can eventually require the driver to perform driving maneuvers unorthodox to normal traffic patterns, such as excessive pedal depressions or large steering inputs, which can escalate to hazards such as the loss of control or impact. The integration of sensors into the inner liner of a tire has proven to be a promising method for extracting real-time tire-to-road contact patch interface data. In this research, a tire model is developed using Abaqus/CAE and analyzed using Abaqus/Explicit to study the nonlinear behavior of a rolling tire. Strain variations are investigated at the contact patch in three major longitudinal slip driving scenarios, including acceleration, braking, and free-rolling. Multiple vertical loading conditions on the tire are applied and studied. An intelligent tire prototype called KU-iTire is developed and tested to validate the strain results obtained from the simulations. Similar operating and loading conditions are applied to the physical prototype and the simulation model such that valid comparisons can be made. The experimental investigation focuses on the effectiveness of providing usable and reliable tire-to-road contact patch strain variation data under several longitudinal slip operating conditions. In this research, a correlation between FEA and experimental testing was observed between strain shape for free-rolling, acceleration, and braking conditions. A relationship between peak longitudinal strain and vertical load in free-rolling driving conditions was also observed and a correlation was observed between FEA and physical testing.

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Section: Review Of Published Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intelligent Tire Prototype in Longitudinal Slip Operating Conditions

Bastiaan,

Chawan,

Eum

et al. 2024

Sensors

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“…A different type of piezoelectric measurement wheel is presented in Bastiaan (2018). Here piezoelectric strain sensors are incorporated into the rubber tire.…”

Section: Measurement Of Wheel Forcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring the wheel-rail forces of a roller coaster

Simonis

Schindler

2018

J. Sens. Sens. Syst.

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Abstract. During a roller coaster ride, the vehicles and their passengers are exposed to multiple times the acceleration of earth's gravity. The corresponding forces must be transmitted by the wheels to the track and the support structure. To validate the load assumptions of static and fatigue analysis, it is necessary to measure these forces. Currently, it is deemed sufficient to measure only the accelerations, providing a limited view of the whole. This article presents a method to measure the actual forces and moments that act on a wheel. Since the diameters of roller coaster wheels are comparatively small (approx. 200 mm) and the loads high (approx. 30 kN), industrially available multi-axis transducers cannot be used. Therefore, a transducer design based on strain gauges was developed and successfully implemented in a roller coaster vehicle. Due to its scalability, its application is not limited to just roller coaster wheels: it can be used for all types of non-driven wheels as well.

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