Physical training preserves bone mineral density in postmenopausal women with forearm fractures and low bone mineral density

Targeted exercises against hip fragility

“…In essence, the softer, mechanically less demanding odd-impact exercises may suit much better for many common people than vigorous high-impact exercises, and thus, feasible exercise regimens may be build on the principles of odd-impact loading. In such programs, the duration, frequency, and intensity of training could be customized to different age-groups with varying background in physical ability and interests [34,[37][38][39][40][41][42].…”

Effects of a multi-component exercise program and calcium–vitamin-D3-fortified milk on bone mineral density in older men: a randomised controlled trial

“…Exercise and calcium-vitamin D are recognised as key modifiable lifestyle factors that have been shown to be important for the prevention and management of osteoporosis, particularly in older women. A number of randomised controlled trials conducted in postmenopausal women have shown that exercise, particularly high intensity progressive resistance training (PRT) and/or weight-bearing impact exercise [2][3][4][5], and supplementation with calcium and/or vitamin D [6][7][8][9][10], can produce small gains (1-3%), or attenuate age-related losses in bone mineral density (BMD) at the hip and spine. While the mechanism of action of exercise and calcium-vitamin D on BMD are differentexercise has a site-specific modifying effect whereas calcium-vitamin D has a permissive systemic effect-there is some evidence that the skeletal benefits of exercise may be dependent on adequate dietary calcium intakes (>1,000 mg/day) [11].…”

Effect of Core and Treadmill Trainings on Skeletal Mineralization in Post-Menopausal Osteoporotic Women

“…While walking in combination with strengthening for back, legs, arms, core and aerobic training have demonstrated a small positive effect on hip BMD (p=0.066) in postmenopausal women, with a treatment effect of 1% after 12 months of training [23]. Regarding L2-L4 BMD, our study shown that there were no significant differences between both groups which received core and treadmill programs.…”