Physical training and insulin sensitivity

Koivisto, Veikko A.; Yki-Järvinen, H; DeFronzo, Ralph A.

doi:10.1002/dmr.5610010407

Cited by 252 publications

(129 citation statements)

References 133 publications

(31 reference statements)

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“…36 Exercise and physical activity have not only been shown to be associated with improved body composition and favourable serum lipid and lipoprotein levels but also to enhance muscle glucose uptake 37 and to have the sustained effect of augmenting insulin sensitivity. 38 We suggest that the observed favourable risk pro®le in patients with higher cardiovascular ®tness is largely mediated by concomitant improvement in plasma insulin and triglyceride concentrations. Since the bene®cial effect of physical activity in children is supported by controlled exercise programs, 39 further studies have to elucidate whether and how far physical activity, possibly in combination with diet, might…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Determinants of haemostatic risk factors for coronary heart disease in obese children and adolescents

Gallistl¹,

Sudi

Borkenstein³

et al. 2000

Int J Obes

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OBJECTIVE: To investigate the contribution of serum lipids, parameters of glucose metabolism, body composition and cardiovascular ®tness to the variance of several haemostatic risk factors for coronary heart disease (CHD) in obese children and adolescents. SUBJECTS AND MEASUREMENTS: Forty-two healthy, obese children and adolescents (20 male, 22 female, age 12.6 AE 3.2 y; body mass index (BMI), 30.4 AE 5.3 kgam 2 ), were screened for haemostatic and metabolic risk factors for CHD. Thirty-®ve of the participants (18 male, age 13.5 AE 2.9 y; BMI, 29.9 AE 4.5 kgam 2 ; 17 female, age 12.8 AE 2.1 y, BMI, 31.1 AE 5.3 kgam 2 ) were assessed for cardiovascular ®tness by means of incremental cycle ergometer exercise. RESULTS: After adjustment for age, fat mass correlated signi®cantly with plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 antigen (PAI-1-Ag) in boys and girls and factor VIIc only in girls. Children with lower power output ( 2.77 Wakg) showed signi®cantly higher values for factor VIIc, ®brinogen and tissue-type plasminogen activator antigen (tPA-Ag). Neither body composition nor cardiovascular ®tness contributed independently to the variance of the determined haemostatic risk factors, except PAI-1-Ag, which has been shown to be determined by fat mass. In multiple linear regression analysis, triglycerides and PAI-1-Ag explained signi®cant independent proportions of the variance of tPA-Ag. Factor VIIc was explained by C-peptide, insulin and ®brinogen. Von Willebrand factor antigen (vWF-Ag) was signi®cantly related to glucose and insulin. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that in obese children and adolescents the haemostatic risk factors factor VIIc, vWF-Ag and tPA-Ag are mainly determinated by plasma insulin and triglyceride concentrations, but are primarily independent of body composition and cardiovascular ®tness.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Determinants of haemostatic risk factors for coronary heart disease in obese children and adolescents

Gallistl¹,

Sudi

Borkenstein³

et al. 2000

Int J Obes

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“…First, physical activity stimulates colon peristalsis and decreases bowel transit time (Cordain et al, 1986), and this may reduce exposure to carcinogens. Second, physical activity may increase insulin sensitivity (Koivisto et al, 1986) and reduce plasma insulin (Regensteiner et al, 1991). Insulin is a colon tumour promoter in rats (Tran et al, 1996), and in vitro, insulin is a mitogen for colon carcinoma cells (Koenuma et al, 1989).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prospective study of colorectal cancer risk and physical activity, diabetes, blood glucose and BMI: exploring the hyperinsulinaemia hypothesis

2001

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A sedentary lifestyle, obesity, and a Westernized diet have been implicated in the aetiology of both colorectal cancer and non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus, leading to the hypothesis that hyperinsulinaemia may promote colorectal cancer. We prospectively examined the association between colorectal cancer risk and factors related to insulin resistance and hyperinsulinaemia, including BMI, physical activity, diabetes mellitus, and blood glucose, in a cohort of 75 219 Norwegian men and women. Information on incident cases of colorectal cancer was made available from the Norwegian Cancer Registry. Reported P values are two-sided. During 12 years of follow up, 730 cases of colorectal cancer were registered. In men, but not in women, we found a negative association with leisure-time physical activity ( P for trend = 0.002), with an age-adjusted RR for the highest versus the lowest category of activity of 0.54 (95% CI = 0.37–0.79). Women, but not men, with a history of diabetes were at increased risk of colorectal cancer (age-adjusted RR = 1.55; 95% CI = 1.04–2.31), as were women with non-fasting blood glucose ≥8.0 mmol l −1 (age-adjusted RR = 1.98; 95% CI = 1.31–2.98) compared with glucose <8.0 mmol l −1 . Overall, we found no association between BMI and risk of colorectal cancer. Additional adjustment including each of the main variables, marital status, and educational attainment did not materially change the results. We conclude that the inverse association between leisure-time physical activity and colorectal cancer in men, and the positive association between diabetes, blood glucose, and colorectal cancer in women, at least in part, support the hypothesis that insulin may act as a tumour promoter in colorectal carcinogenesis. © 2001 Cancer Research Campaign http://www.bjcancer.com

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“…Raça, idade, sexo, proteinúria maciça, aumento do IMC e tempo de evolução do diabetes mellitus são fatores determinantes para o aumento da pressão arterial, principalmente a sistólica 43,44 . No Rio Grande do Sul, um estudo realizado com indivíduos diabéticos demonstrou que a hipertensão arterial está presente em 83,3% das mulheres 45 .…”

Section: Variáveisunclassified

Prevalência de diabetes mellitus e fatores associados em mulheres indígenas do Município de Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil

2016

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Resumo: O objetivo do estudo foi estimar a prevalência de glicemia capilar casual alterada, sugestiva de diabetes mellitus, e sua associação com os fatores socioeconômicos, demográficos, antropométricos e clínicos em mulheres indígenas do Município de Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, com amostra probabilística composta por mulheres de 18-59 anos, residentes nas aldeias Bororó e Jaguapiru. Foi utilizado um questionário padronizado para a coleta das informações, e a análise estatística, realizada por meio dos testes Kruskal Wallis, Mann Whitney e do modelo linear generalizado. Entre as 385 mulheres, 7% apresentaram glicemia capilar casual alterada sugestiva de diabetes mellitus. No modelo linear generalizado, permaneceram associadas, no modelo final, as variáveis idade (p < 0,001), pressão arterial sistólica (p = 0,002) e etnia (p = 0,022). Este estudo demonstra a necessidade de mudanças comportamentais, com o auxílio de intervenções educativas como estratégia de prevenção e controle do diabetes mellitus.

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Physical training and insulin sensitivity

Cited by 252 publications

References 133 publications

Determinants of haemostatic risk factors for coronary heart disease in obese children and adolescents

Determinants of haemostatic risk factors for coronary heart disease in obese children and adolescents

Prospective study of colorectal cancer risk and physical activity, diabetes, blood glucose and BMI: exploring the hyperinsulinaemia hypothesis

Prevalência de diabetes mellitus e fatores associados em mulheres indígenas do Município de Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil

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