Physical Tracers for Bacterial Aerosols

Miller, W. S.; Scherff, R. A.; Piepoli, C. R.; Idoine, L. S.

doi:10.1128/aem.9.3.248-251.1961

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 3 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Aerosol stable spores of Bacillus subtilis subsp. niger (BG) in distilled water were used as a physical tracer to account for frame-to-frame variation in loading of bacteria (Miller et al 1961;Cox 1987;Handley and Webster 1993), despite doubts over its reliability as a tracer in indoor studies (Handley and Webster 1993 Bacteriology 79, 368-378 conditions). The tracer was therefore only required in the study of later decay to account for frame-to-frame variations in bacterial loading.…”

Section: Analysis Of Decaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Some factors affecting the airborne survival of bacteria outdoors

Handley

Webster

1995

Journal of Applied Bacteriology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Airborne survival of two pseudomonads and a reference strain of Escherichia coli (strain MRE 162) was studied outdoors using a modified microthread technique. When cells of E. coli were suspended as clusters, survival was much greater than single cells, particularly outdoors. Culture age had a highly significant effect on survival of Pseudomonas maltophila with survival of 24 h cultures being more than 100-fold higher than 48 h cultures. Survival of Pseudomonas fluorescens was variable and depended also upon the method of culture. Survival of E. coli and Ps. maltophila was studied at three locations differing in air quality and was found to be significantly reduced outdoors, particularly when held in direct daylight. Outdoor survival was not significantly different at the three locations but was reduced at increasing temperatures. There was no apparent effect of wind direction or air quality. Results are discussed with reference to the release of genetically-modified micro-organisms.

show abstract

Section: Analysis Of Decaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Some factors affecting the airborne survival of bacteria outdoors

Handley

Webster

1995

Journal of Applied Bacteriology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This paper presents the results of an investigation into the effects of aerosolization on the survival of vegetative bacteria and the influence of ambient environmental and culture preparative conditions on their enumeration. Spores of Bacillus subtilis were used as physical tracers to determine the extent of dilution of the aerosolized population, since their survival is not affected by most adverse conditions (12,17). Four different bacterial genera were tested to evaluate variations in their survival during aerosolization.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Survival of bacteria during aerosolization

Marthi¹,

Fieland²,

Walter³

et al. 1990

Appl Environ Microbiol

135

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

One form of commercial application of microorganisms, including genetically engineered microorganisms is as an aerosol. To study the effect of aerosol-induced stress on bacterial survival, nonrecombinant spontaneous antibiotic-resistant mutants of four organisms, Enterobacter cloacae, Erwinia herbicola, Klebsiella planticola, and Pseudomonas syringae, were sprayed in separate experiments in a greenhouse. Samples were collected over a distance of 15 m from the spray site for enumeration. Spores of Bacillus subtilis were used as tracers to estimate the effects of dilution on changes in population over distance. Viable counts of P. syringae, Enterobacter cloacae, and K. planticola decreased significantly over a distance of 15 m. Erwinia herbicola showed no significant decline in counts over the same distance. The degree of survival of P. syringae during aerosolization was dependent on ambient environmental conditions (i.e., temperature, relative humidity), droplet size of the aerosol, and prior preparative conditions. Survival was greatest at high relative humidities (70 to 80%) and low temperatures (12°C). Survival was reduced when small droplet sizes were used. The process of washing the cells prior to aerosolization also caused a reduction in their survival. Results from these experiments will be useful in developing sound methodologies to optimize enumeration and for predicting the downwind dispersal of airborne microorganisms, including genetically engineered microorganisms.

show abstract

“…Physical tracers such as radioactive isotopes, dyes, and bacterial spores have been used to study the behavior and sampling of microbial aerosols. Harper, Hood, and Morton (1958) and Miller et al (1961) used radioactive isotopes and bacterial spores to study the survival of bacterial aerosols.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sampling Submicron T1 Bacteriophage Aerosols

Harstad¹

1965

Applied Microbiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

HARSTAD, J. BRUCE (Fort Detrick, Frederick, Md.). Sampling submicron Ti bacteriophage aerosols. Appl. Microbiol. 13:899-908. 1965.-Liquid impingers, filter papers, and fritted bubblers were partial viable collectors of radioactive submicron Ti bacteriophage aerosols at 30, 55, and 85% relative humidity. Sampler differences for viable collection were due to incomplete physical collection (slippage) and killing of phage by the samplers. Dynamic aerosols of a mass median diameter of 0.2 IA were produced with a Dautrebande generator from concentrated aqueous purified phage suspensions containing extracellular soluble radioactive phosphate as a physical tracer. There was considerable destruction of phage by the Dautrebande generator; phage titers of the Dautrebande suspension decreased exponentially, but there was a progressive (linear) increase in tracer titers. Liquid impingers recovered the most viable phage but allowed considerable (30 to 48%) slippage, which varies inversely with the aerosol relative humidity. Filter papers were virtually complete physical collectors of submicron particles but were the most destructive. Fritted bubbler slippage was more than 80%. With all samplers, phage kill was highest at 85% relative humidity and lowest at 55% relative humidity. An electrostatic precipitator was used to collect aerosol samples for particle sizing with an electron microscope. The particle size was slightly larger at 85% relative humidity than at 30 or 55% relative humidity. 899 on July 3, 2020 by guest http://aem.asm.org/ Downloaded from nonu8 HARSTAD on July 3, 2020 by guest http://aem.asm.org/ Downloaded from

show abstract

Physical Tracers for Bacterial Aerosols

Cited by 13 publications

References 3 publications

Some factors affecting the airborne survival of bacteria outdoors

Some factors affecting the airborne survival of bacteria outdoors

Survival of bacteria during aerosolization

Sampling Submicron T1 Bacteriophage Aerosols

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About