Physical Status: The Use and Interpretation of Anthropometry. Report of a WHO Expert Committee

Eveleth, Phyllis B.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1520-6300(1996)8:6<786::aid-ajhb11>3.0.co;2-i

Cited by 2,742 publications

(63 citation statements)

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“…Weight and body composition measurements (percentage body fat, fat mass (kg), fat free mass (kg), BMI (kg/m 2 ) [40]), were measured using an octopolar tactile-electrode impedance meter (InBody 720, Biospace, Seoul, Korea).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of dance mat exergaming systems on physical activity and health – related outcomes in secondary schools: results from a natural experiment

et al. 2014

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BackgroundExergaming has been proposed as an innovative method for physical activity promotion. However, large effectiveness studies are rare. In January 2011, dance mat systems were introduced in secondary schools in two districts in England with the aim of promoting an innovative opportunity for physical activity. The aim of this natural experiment was to examine the effect of introducing the dance mat exergaming systems on physical activity and health-related outcomes in 11–13 year old students using a non-randomised controlled design and mixed methods.MethodsParticipants were recruited from five schools in intervention districts (n = 280) and two schools in neighbouring control districts (n = 217). Data on physical activity (accelerometer), anthropometrics (weight, BMI and percentage of body fat), aerobic fitness (20-m multistage shuttle run test), health-related quality of life (Kidscreen questionnaire), self-efficacy (children’s physical activity self-efficacy survey), school attendance, focus groups with children and interviews with teachers were collected at baseline and approximately 12 months follow-up.ResultsThere was a negative intervention effect on total physical activity (-65.4 cpm CI: -12.6 to -4.7), and light and sedentary physical activity when represented as a percentage of wear time (Light: -2.3% CI: -4.5 to 0.2; Sedentary: 3.3% CI: 0.7 to 5.9). However, compliance with accelerometers at follow-up was poor. There was a significant positive intervention effect on weight (-1.7 kg, 95% CI: -2.9 to -0.4), BMI (-0.9 kg/m2, 95% CI: -1.3 to -0.4) and percentage of body fat (-2.2%, 95% CI: -4.2 to -0.2). There was also evidence of improvement in some health-related quality of life parameters: psychological well-being (2.5, 95% CI: 0.1 to 4.8) and autonomy and parent relation (4.2, 95% CI: 1.4 to 7.0).ConclusionsThe implementation of a dance mat exergaming scheme was associated with improvement in anthropometric measurements and parameters of health-related quality of life. However, the mechanisms of these benefits are unclear as there was insufficient data from physical activity to draw robust conclusions. Qualitative findings suggest that there was declining support for the initiative over time, meaning that potential benefits may not have been achieved.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of dance mat exergaming systems on physical activity and health – related outcomes in secondary schools: results from a natural experiment

et al. 2014

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“…Women who were underweight (ref. 18; BMI < 18.5 kg/m 2 , n = 88) were also excluded as they have higher mortality rate than normal weight women in NHANES studies (19). This resulted in an analytic population of 4,040.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bilateral Oophorectomy, Body Mass Index, and Mortality in U.S. Women Aged 40 Years and Older

McCarthy

Menke

Ouyang

et al. 2012

Cancer Prevention Research

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Bilateral oophorectomy is used as a risk reduction strategy in BRCA1/2 mutation carriers, although data on long-term side effects are not yet available. In the general population, oophorectomy, particularly at a young age, has been associated with increased overall and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. The mechanisms for this association are not well understood. We examined the association between prior bilateral oophorectomy, obesity, and all-cause, cancer, and CVD mortality. Our study population included women ages 40 and above from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III), a nationally representative survey with enrollment from 1988 to 1994 and prospective mortality follow-up through December 31, 2006. We excluded women with a history of reproductive cancer or missing oophorectomy status, yielding a study population of 4,040. Cox proportional hazards modeling was used to estimate HR for all-cause and cause-specific mortality. In multivariate analyses, body mass index (BMI) significantly modified the association between oophorectomy and mortality (Pinteraction = 0.04). Women who were obese at the time of interview and who had an oophorectomy at less than 40 years were more than twice as likely to die [HR, 2.23; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.25–3.98], particularly of CVD (HR, 2.77; 95% CI, 0.91–8.41), than nonobese women with intact ovaries. These associations persisted after excluding women who used estrogen therapy and women who had oophorectomy before 35 years of age. The joint effect of obesity and early oophorectomy on mortality was significantly greater than expected, given the independent effects of both exposures. Our results suggest that minimizing weight gain after oophorectomy and addressing cardiovascular risk factors could beneficially impact mortality.

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“…Trained volunteers measured and weighed children without shoes and in lightweight clothes, using a stadiometer and digital scale [24].…”

Section: Anthropometric Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early childhood caries and malnutrition: baseline and two-year follow-up results of a community-based prevention intervention in Rural Ecuador

et al. 2016

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Background: The global "nutrition transition" has increased children's consumption of sugary snacks and beverages (junk food), compounding their risk for poor oral health and malnutrition. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between early childhood caries (ECC) and malnutrition in a community context. Methods: This is a baseline and two-year follow-up analysis of a community-based preventive oral health and nutrition intervention for 1,575 children, from birth through age six, in an indigenous population in rural Ecuador. Trained community volunteers, preschool teachers and dentists provided children and families with nutrition and oral health education, toothbrushes and fluoride toothpaste, fluoride varnish, and referral for dental treatment, three times per year. Annual data collection included mother interviews, child dental examinations and measurements of height and weight. Descriptive and bivariate analyses were completed in SPSS. Results: At baseline, nearly half of children consumed junk food daily. ECC began in infancy, increasing steadily thereafter. Among one-year-olds, 53.8% had caries with a mean of 2.1 decayed teeth; and among six-year-olds, 98.6% had caries with a mean of 10.5 decayed teeth, and half experienced mouth pain. At two-year follow-up, reported junk food consumption was cut in half; and the prevalence and severity of caries and mouth pain were reduced. Children who entered the intervention in their first year of life experienced the greatest dental improvements. Children who entered in their first two years and attended the entire two-year intervention experienced a one-third reduction in stunting malnutrition, with greatest improvement among those whose caries increment was controlled. Conclusions: ECC and caries-related malnutrition were reduced for children who participated in this prevention-oriented community oral health and nutrition intervention, especially those beginning in the first two years of life. Oral health and nutrition promotion should be incorporated into all maternal-child health programs, from pregnancy and birth onward.

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Physical Status: The Use and Interpretation of Anthropometry. Report of a WHO Expert Committee

Cited by 2,742 publications

References 0 publications

The effect of dance mat exergaming systems on physical activity and health – related outcomes in secondary schools: results from a natural experiment

The effect of dance mat exergaming systems on physical activity and health – related outcomes in secondary schools: results from a natural experiment

Bilateral Oophorectomy, Body Mass Index, and Mortality in U.S. Women Aged 40 Years and Older

Early childhood caries and malnutrition: baseline and two-year follow-up results of a community-based prevention intervention in Rural Ecuador

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