Physical performance characteristics related to disability in older persons: A systematic review

Ouden, Marjolein E.M. den; Schuurmans, Marieke J.; Arts, Ilse E.M.A.; Schouw, Yvonne T. van der

doi:10.1016/j.maturitas.2011.04.008

Cited by 172 publications

(120 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…It should be noted that the AVG group had more men than the AG and the SG ones and that, although the handgrip strength is identified as a predictor of functional disability, the results must be analyzed with caution, because the difference in the number of men may have affected the results. Furthermore, there is still disagreement on the literary use of this instrument as a meter marker of overall muscle strength 18,19 . In the analysis of functional mobility, the comparison between the three groups showed significant difference between the AVG and the SG, despite the average values for the testing being lower than 10 seconds for all groups, time length considered great for lower rates of falls 20 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Handgrip and functional mobility in elderly with different levels of physical activity

2014

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| The proportion of elderly people is growing worldwide and, with this, there is an increase of chronicdegenerative conditions such as impaired balance and falls. The physically active elderly tends to an improved response in muscle strength, flexibility and postural balance. The present study aimed to evaluate and compare the grip strength and mobility of elderly people with different levels of physical activity. The sample consisted of 44 elderly with 60 years or more, both sexes, divided in: 18 elderly practicing volleyball adapted (AVG), 13 elderly practicing some physical activity (AG) and 13 sedentary elderly (SG). Grip strength was assessed by a hydraulic dynamometer and mobility through the test "Timed Up and Go" (TUG). Data were evaluated using the KolmogorovSmirnov test, to check normality. The comparison of the results of the three groups was performed by ANOVA with Tukey post-test, with p≤0.05. The results showed that grip strength (p=0.008) and mobility (p=0.003) were better to AVG when compared to the other groups. It is suggested that the sports practice implement the gains in functional mobility and strength when compared to purely non-specific exercise and inactivity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Handgrip and functional mobility in elderly with different levels of physical activity

2014

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“…Many epidemiological studies investigating HGS and its relationship to various parameters have been published over the past few decades. Several systematic reviews have been conducted to summarize this evidence: Bohannon (2008) looked at HGS as a prognostic tool for negative health outcomes; Norman et al (2011) established HGS as a marker for nutritional status; den Ouden et al (2011) related HGS to disability in later life; and Rijk et al (2016) looked more broadly at the prognostic value of HGS in older individuals. To our knowledge, no previous review has looked specifically at the relationship between decreased HGS and hip fracture incidence.…”

Section: Hip Fracture Hand Grip Strength and Frailtymentioning

confidence: 99%

The association between decreased hand grip strength and hip fracture in older people: A systematic review

Denk

Lennon

Gordon

et al. 2018

Experimental Gerontology

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The association between decreased hand grip strength and hip fracture in older people: a systematic review ABSTRACT Hip fractures are a global concern, resulting in poor outcomes and high health care costs. They mostly affect people >80 years. Hip fractures are influenced by various (modifiable) risk factors. Emerging evidence suggests hand grip strength (HGS) to be one of several useful tools to identify hip fracture risk. This is the first systematic review that aims to assess the evidence underlying the relationship between hip fracture incidence and HGS. Eleven studies were selected for this review (six case-control and five cohort studies), comprising 21197 participants. Where reported, HGS was significantly decreased in individuals with a hip fracture near the time of injury as compared to controls (p<0.001); HGS was associated with increased hip fracture risk in all included studies. Meta-analysis was not possible. All studies included in this systematic review confirmed a relationship between decreased HGS and hip fracture incidence. We were not able to quantify the strength of this relationship, due to the heterogeneity of the included studies. HGS merits further investigation as a useful tool for identifying individuals that might be at elevated risk for sustaining a hip fracture. Key words: Hand grip strength, hip fracture, proximal femur fracture, frailty, risk factor 1. Introduction Low impact fractures of the proximal femur (hip fractures) are a major worldwide public health concern (Hernlund et al., 2013; Kanis et al., 2012; The World Bank, 2015). They mostly occur in people older than 80 years (Kistler et al., 2015). As the population ages, hip fractures are predicted to increase by 35% between 2012 and 2022; the annual cost will rise to $1.27 billion in Australia alone (Watts et al., 2013). The current annual hospital cost of hip fractures in the UK has been estimated at £1.1 billion (Leal et al., 2016). Thus, it is vital to further improve fracture prevention strategies, not only to decrease health care costs, but also to reduce devastating outcomes such as morbidity, disability, dependency, and poor quality of life (Griffin et al., 2015;Parker, 2016). Many, often modifiable, risk factors need to be considered for hip fracture prevention. Osteoporosis (Kanis, 1994) and falls (Jarvinen et al., 2008) are recognized risk factors for sustaining a hip fracture. Other factors include, but are not limited to, sarcopenia (Oliveira and Vaz, 2015), muscle weakness, physical inactivity, impaired cognition, impaired vision, and chronic health conditions (Marks, 2010). The current gold standard screening tool to assist in identifying those most at risk of hip fracture is the Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX®). FRAX is based on 12 variables: age, sex, weight, height, previous fracture, parent fractured hip, current smoking, glucocorticoids, rheumatoid arthritis, secondary osteoporosis, alcohol (three or more units/day), and femoral neck bone mineral density (BMD) (The University of Sheffield, 2011). Lo...

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“…A comprehensive understanding of PF in older adults must also recognize additional contributing factors, such as sleep, fatigue, depression, and self-efficacy. Even the most recent review articles and meta-analyses have only analyzed the relationship between a few of these factors and PF in older adults (den Ouden, Schuurmans, Arts, & van der Schouw, 2011;Liu & Latham, 2011;Schaap, Koster, & Visser, 2013), indicating a lack of studies using a truly integrated approach. The individual and synergistic effects of the primary variables (e.g., muscle strength, body composition) must be considered in addition to the important additional contributing factors (e.g., self-efficacy).…”

Section: Development Of Conceptual Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body Composition, Muscle Capacity, and Physical Function in Older Adults: An Integrated Conceptual Model

Brady

Straight²,

Evans³

2014

Journal of Aging and Physical Activity

104

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The aging process leads to adverse changes in body composition (increases in fat mass and decreases in skeletal muscle mass), declines in physical function (PF), and ultimately increased risk for disability and loss of independence. Specific components of body composition or muscle capacity (strength and power) may be useful in predicting PF; however, findings have been mixed regarding the most salient predictor of PF. The development of a conceptual model potentially aids in understanding the interrelated factors contributing to PF with the factors of interest being physical activity, body composition, and muscle capacity. This article also highlights sex differences in these domains. Finally, factors known to affect PF, such as sleep, depression, fatigue, and self-efficacy, are discussed. Development of a comprehensive conceptual model is needed to better characterize the most salient factors contributing to PF and to subsequently inform the development of interventions to reduce physical disability in older adults.

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Physical performance characteristics related to disability in older persons: A systematic review

Cited by 172 publications

References 29 publications

Handgrip and functional mobility in elderly with different levels of physical activity

Handgrip and functional mobility in elderly with different levels of physical activity

The association between decreased hand grip strength and hip fracture in older people: A systematic review

Body Composition, Muscle Capacity, and Physical Function in Older Adults: An Integrated Conceptual Model

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