Physical Modeling And Numerical Simulation Of In Situ Recovery Of Bitumen From Oil Sands By Steam Injection

Reddy, Gottam Sandeep; Prowse, D.R.; Redford, D.A.

doi:10.2118/80-31-10

Annual Technical Meeting 1980

DOI: 10.2118/80-31-10

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Physical Modeling And Numerical Simulation Of In Situ Recovery Of Bitumen From Oil Sands By Steam Injection

Gottam Sandeep Reddy¹,

D.R. Prowse²,

D.A. Redford³

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1984

1986

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Cited by 4 publications

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Reservoir Simulation of Steam Injection in the Cold Lake Tar Sand

Peake

1984

All Days

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A reservoir simulator of steam injection in the Cold Lake Tar Sand has been validated through a history match. The history match consists of 9 steam cycles in two wells during the period June 1978 through October 1980. Block size, fracture length, oil and water relative permeabilities, and pore compressibility were found to have a significant effect upon the simulation results. The simulation results were found to be insensitive to the time step size, heat conduction from the fracture, areal grid, and well productivity index. A proposed commercial development of the Cold Lake Tar Sand consists of 4 well, 4.13 acre (1.67 × 104 m3) rectangular well patterns. The steam injection program consists of three phases: (1) single well cyclic steaming, (2) on-trend steam drive, and (3) off-trend steam drive. The optimum number of cycles, steam injection rates, and steam slug sizes were obtained. Simulation results for the optimized oil recovery are: a steam/oil ratio of 5–6, an average oil production rate per well of 42 bbl/d (6.7 m3/d), and a recovery of 45% of the original-oil-in-place in 9.2 years.

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Reservoir Simulation of Steam Injection in the Cold Lake Tar Sand

Peake

1984

All Days

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Injection-Production Strategies for Reservoirs Having a Bottomwater Zone

Singh¹,

Malcolm²,

Heidrick³

1985

SPE California Regional Meeting

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The major oil sands deposits of Alberta are estimated to contain 197 billion cubic meters (1.23 × 1012 bbls) of heavy oil. In situ, thermal recovery techniques must be used to recover the vast majority of this resource. These techniques are complicated by the fact that about 25% of the deposits have a high water saturation zone underlying the formation. The extent of this bottom water zone varies from a few meters to tens of meters under a payzone averaging between 10–25 meters depending on the particular reservoir. In designing a suitable thermal recovery method for these deposits, the presence of bottomwater is likely to have two important but competing effects. First, it may serve the purpose of providing initial injectivity in the highly viscous oil sand deposits. The second effect, however, is that this zone may act as a heat sink and significantly reduce the efficiency of heating oil sand above. The magnitude of these effects will depend on a variety of factors, notably oil viscosity, vertical permeability, injection rates, and oil saturation in the water sand, if any. Thus it is evident that for most reservoirs, the injection-production strategy must be "tailor-made" to optimize recovery. This paper presents the results of numerical simulation studies undertaken to evaluate the effectiveness of steam and steam-additive processes to recover heavy oil from deposits with bottom water zone. It is concluded that additives such as carbon dioxide and permeability blocking agents do not improve recovery in many cases. However, it is shown that suitable injection-production strategies can be developed to improve oil recovery by using steam-additive processes.

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Interpretation of Temperature Profiles from the Steam-Stimulated Cold Lake Reservoir

Vittoratos¹

1986

SPE California Regional Meeting

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Steam stimulation of the Cold Lake bitumen reservoir causes fracturing of the formation. Steam enters via convection along the fracture plane, and heat propagates perpendicular to this plane by conduction, which in some cases may be enhanced by convection. Temperature profiles from observation wells located around stimulated wells directly give the energy distribution at those locations. The analysis can be extended beyond energy distribution by distinguishing regions of convective and conductive heat transfer in the temperature profiles. Simple analytical models can then yield important insights into the cyclic steam stimulation process, such as fracture geometry and fluid flow velocity. Eight field cases are discussed representing profiles from the injection, shut-in, and production phases of the process.

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Physical Modeling And Numerical Simulation Of In Situ Recovery Of Bitumen From Oil Sands By Steam Injection

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Reservoir Simulation of Steam Injection in the Cold Lake Tar Sand

Reservoir Simulation of Steam Injection in the Cold Lake Tar Sand

Injection-Production Strategies for Reservoirs Having a Bottomwater Zone

Interpretation of Temperature Profiles from the Steam-Stimulated Cold Lake Reservoir

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