Physical layer security in wireless cooperative relay networks: state of the art and beyond

Secure Multiple Amplify-and-Forward Relaying With Cochannel Interference

“…Hence, it is of vital importance to study the PLS in relay networks [12]- [15]. There are two fundamental relaying protocols: amplify-and-forward (AF) and decode-and-forward (DF).…”

Full-Duplex Cyber-Weapon With Massive Arrays

“…The principle of PLS is to use the randomness of wireless channels to secure the transmission. By deploying PLS on top of the conventional cryptography protocols, the secrecy performance of wireless communication is enhanced [4]- [7]. There have been studies on PLS in massive MIMO networks.…”

Secure Massive MIMO Relaying Systems in a Poisson Field of Eavesdroppers

“…Physical layer security (PLS) has attracted considerable attention from both academia and industry in recent years [1]. With the recent emergence of large antenna arrays [2], PLS is a promising approach for massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems as countermeasures against eavesdropping attacks.…”

“…[9]- [12]) with the discussion about the impact of the socalled pilot contamination scheme in which an eavesdropper can send a pilot sequence to attack massive MIMO systems, but this context is beyond the scope of our paper. 1 Note that none of the above papers (i.e. [3]- [12]) discussed the spatial locations of eavesdroppers as a whole and the impact of direct eavesdropping links in particular.…”

“…To elucidate how reliable the secured transmission can be, we evaluate the performance by using the connection outage probability (COP). Finally, based on the SOP and the COP, we examine the most secured state at which our system is guaranteed at most, and show that this 1 The context of pilot contamination can be ignored when considering a single cell, and especially when the pilot training only accounts for a very little portion of each coherence interval.…”