Physical layer security for UAV communications: A comprehensive survey

Wang, Jue; Wang, Xuanxuan; Gao, Ruifeng; Lei, Chengleyang; Feng, Wei; Ge, Ning; Quek, Tony Q. S.

doi:10.23919/jcc.2022.09.007

Cited by 17 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…The authors discussed the various practical aspects of UAV cellular communications, including standardization, regulation, challenges of integrating UAVs into existing cellular networks, the need for new protocols and standards, and the potential security risks associated with UAV cellular communications. In [7], the authors conducted an extensive survey of the current advancements in UAV-physical layer security (PLS), covering fundamental concepts, static and mobile deployment scenarios, air-to-ground (A2G) channels, and various UAV roles. They reviewed secrecy performance analysis and enhancement techniques for static UAV systems and scenarios involving UAV mobility.…”

Section: A Recent Relevant Review Articlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Survey on 5G-and-Beyond Networks With UAVs: Applications, Emerging Technologies, Regulatory Aspects, Research Trends and Challenges

Banafaa,

Pepeoğlu,

Shayea

et al. 2024

IEEE Access

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The rapid advancement of fifth-generation (5G)-and-beyond networks coupled with unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) has opened up exciting possibilities for diverse applications and cutting-edge technologies, revolutionizing the way connections, communications, and innovations unfold in the digital age. This paper presents a comprehensive survey of the deployment scenarios, applications, emerging technologies, regulatory aspects, research trends, and challenges associated with the use of UAVs in 5G-and-beyond networks. It begins with a succinct background and motivation, followed by a systematic UAV classification and a review of relevant works. The survey covers UAV deployment scenarios, including single and multiple UAV configurations. The categorization of UAV applications in 5G is presented, along with investigations into emerging technologies for enhancing UAV communications. Regulatory considerations encompassing flight guidelines, spectrum allocation, privacy, and safety are discussed. Moreover, light is shed on the latest research trends and open challenges in the field, with promising directions for future investigations identified, concluding with a summary of key findings and contributions. This survey serves as a valuable resource for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers in the UAV and communication domains. Additionally, it offers a comprehensive foundation for informed decision-making, fostering collaboration, and driving advancements in UAV and communication technologies to address the evolving needs of our interconnected world.INDEX TERMS Drone, 5G, unmanned aerial vehicles, wireless systems.

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Section: A Recent Relevant Review Articlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Survey on 5G-and-Beyond Networks With UAVs: Applications, Emerging Technologies, Regulatory Aspects, Research Trends and Challenges

Banafaa,

Pepeoğlu,

Shayea

et al. 2024

IEEE Access

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“…These schemes effectively utilize UAV mobility to enhance communication security. However, physical layer-based security schemes primarily serve as a supplement to traditional cryptography-based security protection schemes [10]. Such schemes cannot guarantee the integrity of the transmitted information or the legitimacy of both communication parties' identities.…”

Section: Reference Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Step 2-5: Control station uses impkey as key to encrypt sesskey to generate enckey according to algorithm. Calculation method of enckey follows Formula (10). enckey = enc(impkey, sesskey)…”

Section: Protocol Execution Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on Identity Authentication Scheme for UAV Communication Network

Xia

Wang

et al. 2023

Electronics

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Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) play a vital role in many fields, such as agricultural planting, security patrol, emergency rescue, and so on. The development and implementation of these devices have become vital in terms of reachability and usability. Unfortunately, as drones become more widely used in various fields, they become more and more vulnerable to attacks and security threats, including, but not limited to, eavesdropping, man-in-the-middle attacks, and known session key attacks. In order to deal with these attacks and security threats and meet the needs of lightweight UAV communication, a secure and efficient authentication scheme is essential. To meet the security and lightweight requirements of an identity authentication scheme in a UAV communication network, this paper proposes an identity authentication scheme sdronelig based on an elliptic curve cryptosystem. The scheme realizes the mutual authentication and session key agreement configuration between the UAV and the ground station, and the authentication and key agreement between the UAVs can be realized with the help of the control station. The sdronelig authentication scheme is based on the ECDH key exchange protocol in the elliptic curve cryptography algorithm and adopts the MAC message authentication code technology and the method of pre-calculating part of the process. Under the premise of ensuring the security of the UAV communication network, the authentication efficiency is improved, the communication overhead and communication times are reduced, and the lightweight requirement of the UAV authentication scheme is met. Additionally, a formal verification tool is used to verify the security of the sdronelig scheme under the Dolev-Yao threat model, which is suitable for UAV networks. Finally, a detailed comparative study was conducted on security features, communication overhead, the number of communications, and computational overhead. The results show that the proposed sdronelig authentication scheme not only provides superior security features but also has better or comparable overhead compared to other existing authentication schemes.

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“…As a planar antenna array (PAA), VAA has the ability to transmit narrow beams, which can help to obtain a higher gain beam pattern and generate lower sidelobe level (SLL) 4 . In addition, since it has the advantage of invariant and symmetrical beam pattern and flexible array synthesis, VAA has been widely studied and applied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A multi‐objective optimization approach for beam pattern synthesis of UAV virtual rectangular antenna array

Mei,

Guo,

Kang

et al. 2024

Int J Numerical Modelling

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Virtual antenna array (VAA) formed by unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) antenna units using collaborative beamforming (CB) technology plays an important role in the air communication system, and can be used in radar, military, disaster rescue and other places. However, there are still some issues with the beam pattern formed by this method, such as high sidelobe level (SLL), high cost and low efficiency. In this article, each UAV carries an omnidirectional antenna unit, and a large number of UAVs form a UAV virtual rectangular antenna array (UVRAA) to communicate with the ground base station (BS). We formulate an overhead minimization and efficient communication multi‐objective optimization problem (OMECMOP) which jointly optimize the excitation current weights of the UVRAA and reduce the number of UAVs in operation to improve the beam pattern, enhance the communication efficiency and decrease the overhead of UVRAA. In addition, we also propose an improved multi‐objective multi‐verse optimization algorithm based on the inverse decline curve type (ISDT‐MOMVO) which introduces a strategy optimization initialization solution with quasi‐opposition based learning (QBL) and a hybrid solution updating operators to solve the OMECMOP. The simulation results show that compared with other traditional swarm intelligence (SI) optimization algorithms the ISDT‐MOMVO algorithm produces better beam pattern and the thinning rate can reach 50%.

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Physical layer security for UAV communications: A comprehensive survey

Cited by 17 publications

References 0 publications

A Comprehensive Survey on 5G-and-Beyond Networks With UAVs: Applications, Emerging Technologies, Regulatory Aspects, Research Trends and Challenges

A Comprehensive Survey on 5G-and-Beyond Networks With UAVs: Applications, Emerging Technologies, Regulatory Aspects, Research Trends and Challenges

Research on Identity Authentication Scheme for UAV Communication Network

A multi‐objective optimization approach for beam pattern synthesis of UAV virtual rectangular antenna array

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