Physical layer security for dual‐hop FSO/RF system using generalized ΓΓ/<i>η</i>−<i>μ</i> fading channels

Kumar, Ambrish; Garg, Parul

doi:10.1002/dac.3468

Cited by 20 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…• Differing from [12]- [15], the DL mixed RF-FSO systems were studied in this work, in which both SNRs at legitimate and illegitimate destinations are influenced by the FSO link. • Although the secrecy performance of DL mixed RF-FSO systems was investigated in [28], the correlation of the SNR at both legitimate and illegitimate receivers was not considered. Furthermore, SWIPT, path-loss fading, and multiple antennas are considered in this work.…”

Section: B Motivation and Contributionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secrecy Outage Analysis of Mixed RF-FSO Downlink SWIPT Systems

Lei

Dai

Park

et al. 2018

IEEE Trans. Commun.

106

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We analyze a secure dual-hop mixed radio frequency-free space optical (RF-FSO) downlink simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) systems. The FSO link and all RF links experience Gamma-Gamma, independent and identical Nakagami-m fading, respectively. We analyze the effects of atmospheric turbulence, pointing error, detection technology, path loss, and energy harvesting on secrecy performance. Signal-to-noise ratios at both legitimate and illegitimate receivers are not independent since they are both simultaneously influenced by the FSO link. We derive the closedform expression of the secrecy outage probability (SOP) as well as the asymptotic result for SOP when signal-to-noise ratios at relay and legitimate destinations tend to infinity. Monte-Carlo simulations are performed to verify the accuracy of our analysis. The results show that the secrecy diversity order (SDO) depends on the fading parameter of the relay-destination link and the number of the destination's antennas. Additionally, the SDO also depends on the fading parameters, the pointing error parameter, and the detection type of the FSO link. Index Terms-Physical layer security, mixed RF-FSO systems, Gamma-Gamma fading, Nakagami-m fading, simultaneous wireless information and power transfer, secrecy outage probability. I. INTRODUCTION A. Background and Related Works Dual-hop mixed radio frequency-free space optical (RF-FSO) systems are designed to overcome atmospheric turbulence and other factors limiting the applications of FSO systems. They can also effectively improve communication coverage, save spectrum resources, avoid relocating devices, and are considered as a powerful candidate for next generation Manuscript received.

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Section: B Motivation and Contributionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secrecy Outage Analysis of Mixed RF-FSO Downlink SWIPT Systems

Lei

Dai

Park

et al. 2018

IEEE Trans. Commun.

106

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“…The average secrecy capacity of the RF link, denoted as Cfalse¯sR, for a given instantaneous SNR of the L and E RF links, i.e. γLR and γER respectively, can be defined as [58] Cfalse¯sRfalse(γLR,γERfalse)=Efalse[CsRfalse(kfalse)false]=∫0normal∞∫0normal∞Csfalse(kfalse)fγLRfalse(γLRfalse)fγERfalse(γERfalse)dγLR dγER, where Efalse(.false) is the expectation operation and fγLR and fγER…”

Section: The Proposed Security-aware Spatial Modulation Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

Machine learning-based security-aware spatial modulation for heterogeneous radio-optical networks

et al. 2021

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In this article, we propose a physical layer security (PLS) technique, namely security-aware spatial modulation (SA-SM), in a multiple-input multiple-output-based heterogeneous network, wherein both optical wireless communications and radio-frequency (RF) technologies coexist. In SA-SM, the time-domain signal is altered prior to transmission using a key at the physical layer for combating eavesdropping. Unlike conventional PLS techniques, SA-SM does not rely on channel characteristics for securing the information, as its perception is self-imposed, which allows its adoption in radio-optical networks. Additionally, a novel periodical key selection algorithm is proposed. Instead of having multiple keys stored in the nodes, by using off-the-shelf and low-complexity machine learning (ML) methods, including a support vector machine, logistic regression and a single-layer neural network, SA-SM nodes can estimate the used key. Results show that a positive secrecy capacity can be achieved for both the RF and optical links by using 1000 different keys, with a minimal signal-to-noise ratio penalty of less than 5 dB for the legitimate user using SA-SM versus conventional transmission at a bit-error-rate of 10 −4 . The analysis also includes computational time and classification accuracy evaluation of the various proposed ML techniques using different hardware architectures.

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“…For the dwnlink scenario, authors of [24] evaluated the secrecy capacity and the secrecy outage probability of the proposed system. In [25], authors studied the mixed FSO/RF system when both the legitimate receiver and eavesdropper decode the information and harvest the energy simultaneously from the second hop RF link.…”

Section: Pls In Fso Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survey on Physical Layer Security in Optical Wireless Communication Systems

Obeed

Salhab

Alouini

et al. 2018

2018 Seventh International Conference on Communications and Networking (ComNet)

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As the existing radio-frequency (RF) networks cannot meet the ever-increasing data rate demand, the optical wireless communication (OWC), which uses a wide untapped unregulated spectrum, has been proposed as a promising technology to overcome the RF spectrum limitations. On the other hand, with the increasing demand for high data rate and the prevalence of the broadcast-nature networks, researchers have recently come up with new mechanisms to improve secure communication using physical layer techniques. Compared to RF networks, the OWC networks are more secure and less susceptible to the interception because of the small coverage provided by LEDs, and because they work properly only in the presence of the line-of-sight (LoS) components. However, the security in OWC networks is still an issue, especially in visible light communication (VLC) when the transmitted information can be accessed by multiple users as in public areas, meeting rooms, laboratories, and libraries. That means potential eavesdroppers may be existing to gather confidential messages. This paper reviews all the conducted work on physical layer security (PLS) in two types of OWC networks, which are the VLC and free space optical (FSO) networks. Furthermore, the paper proposes several open problems in these networks to optimize and enhance the security performance.

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Physical layer security for dual‐hop FSO/RF system using generalized ΓΓ/η−μ fading channels

Cited by 20 publications

References 24 publications

Secrecy Outage Analysis of Mixed RF-FSO Downlink SWIPT Systems

Secrecy Outage Analysis of Mixed RF-FSO Downlink SWIPT Systems

Machine learning-based security-aware spatial modulation for heterogeneous radio-optical networks

Survey on Physical Layer Security in Optical Wireless Communication Systems

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