Physical ischaemia induced by isometric exercise facilitated collateral development in the remote ischaemic myocardium of humans

Lin, Song; Chen, Yan; Li, Yongxue; Li, Jianan; Lü, Xiao

doi:10.1042/cs20130618

Cited by 14 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Previous study conducted by our research team showed that PIT can increase the expression of VEGF, thereby resulting in accelerating revascularization and coronary blood flow recovery (8). Lin et al also reported that isometric handgrip-induced PIT could increase the expression of VEGF and the coronary collateral flow in patients with coronary heart disease; the increased VEGF may in turn contribute to collateral angiogenesis in the remote ischemia heart region (9). Sandri et al observed elevated VEGF level after a 15-min suprasystolic occlusion of one lower extremity in healthy volunteers (18).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lin et al tested isometric handgrip exercise-induced PIT in 74 patients with coronary artery disease and found that the myocardial perfusion and left ventricular ejection fraction were significantly improved in PIT group. They concluded that PIT may promote remote collateral recruitment and growth (9). To the best of our knowledge, however, the effectiveness and mechanisms of PIT on patients with stroke have not been explored.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Physiological Ischemic Training Promotes Brain Collateral Formation and Improves Functions in Patients with Acute Cerebral Infarction

et al. 2016

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ObjectivesTo observe the effectiveness and mechanisms of physiological ischemic training (PIT) on brain cerebral collateral formation and functional recovery in patients with acute cerebral infarction.Methods20 eligible patients with acute cerebral infarction were randomly assigned to either PIT group (n = 10) or Control group (n = 10). Both groups received 4 weeks of routine rehabilitation therapy, while an additional session of PIT, which consisted of 10 times of maximal voluntary isometric handgrip for 1 min followed by 1 min rest, was prescribed for patients in the PIT groups. Each patient was trained with four sections a day and 5 days a week for 4 weeks. The Fugl–Meyer Assessment (FMA), the Modified Barthel Index (MBI), and the short-form 36-item health survey questionnaire (SF-36) were applied for the evaluation of motor impairment, activity of daily living, and quality of life at the baseline and endpoint. MRI was applied to detect the collateral formation in the brain. The concentration of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) number in plasma were also tested at the endpoint.ResultsDemographic data were consistent between experimental groups. At the endpoint, the scores of the FMA, MBI, and SF-36 were significantly higher than that at baseline. As compared to the Control group, the score of FMA and SF-36 in PIT group was significantly higher, while no significant difference was detected between groups in terms of MBI. Both groups had significantly higher cerebral blood flow (CBF) level at endpoint as compared to that at baseline. Moreover, the CBF level was even higher in the PIT group as compared to that in the Control group after 4 weeks of training. The same situations were also found in the plasma VEGF and EPCs assessment. In addition, positive correlations were found between FMA score and CBF level (r = 0.686, p < 0.01), CBF level and VEGF concentration (r = 0.675, p < 0.01), and VEGF concentration and EPC number (r = 0.722, p < 0.01).ConclusionPIT may be effective in increasing the expression of VEGF and recruitment of EPCs and in turn promote the formation of brain collateral circulation. The positive correlations may demonstrate a potential association between biological and functional parameters, and PIT may be able to improve the motor function, activity of daily living, and quality of life in patients with stroke.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological Ischemic Training Promotes Brain Collateral Formation and Improves Functions in Patients with Acute Cerebral Infarction

et al. 2016

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“…Sudden occlusion of a major coronary artery can result in AMI and rapid apoptosis of cardiomyocytes, leading to progressive fibrous replacement in the myocardium and LV dilatation [3,25]. Previous studies [26][27][28] demonstrated that physiologic RIT could promote coronary collateral formation in the ischemic myocardium. Results of capillary density and VEGF protein level in this study also demonstrated it.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiologic Remote Ischemic Training Offers a Cardioprotective Effect against Myocardial Infarction in a Time-Dependent Manner

Ni¹,

Peng²,

Mei³

et al. 2017

Int J Phys Med Rehabil

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Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of Physiologic remote ischemic training (PRIT) to second MI and the difference of variable durations of PRIT against myocardial infarction.Methods: A myocardial infarction model was first established in 64 male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, and after one week the modeled animals were equally randomized into two groups: the PRIT group, which was further divided into1-, 2-, 4-and 6-week PRIT subgroups as 1w, 2w, 4w and 6wPRIT, and the pure myocardial infarction group, which were further divided into 1-, 2-, 4-and 6-week myocardial infarction groups as 1wMI, 2wMI, 4wMI and 6wMI as controls.. At the end of scheduled time points, all rats received the second MI. Myocardial infarct size, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), capillary density and were determined. Results:The infarct size in PRIT groups was reduced significantly compared to control MI groups (p<0.05).VEGF protein level and capillary density of the myocardium were significantly higher in PRIT groups than those in control MI groups (p<0.05).Conclusions: PRIT could induce a protective effect against myocardial infarction and these trends became more pronounced with the prolonging of the training time.

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“…Previous literature using maximal grip intensity exercise for at-home training has included heterogeneous and inconsistent HG protocols with work–rest timing cycles of 1:1 second, 14 10:20 seconds, 15 40 grips/min, 15 and 1:1 minute, 13 and total exercise durations of 30 minutes, 14 10 minutes, 15 and 40 minutes. 13 None of the previous research has experimentally quantified actual grip performance in reference to the prescribed maximal intensity, an important consideration when evaluating the acute CV responses.…”

Section: Part 1: the Mint Exercise Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Protocols using maximal grip force against generic grip objects have successfully induced positive CV adaptations such as collateral vascular recruitment and growth, 13 reduced BP and improved local blood flow, 14 and reduced ergoreflex activity. 15 Despite these positive impacts on CV health indices, recommendation of this accessible exercise option by health care providers and exercise professionals is rare.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maximal intermittent handgrip strategy: design and evaluation of an exercise protocol and a grip tool

Bentley

Thomas

2016

CIA

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Handgrip (HG) exercise has been prescribed as a lifestyle intervention to successfully reduce resting blood pressure (BP) among heterogeneous groups of participants. Current HG protocols have limited accessibility due to complicated exercise prescriptions and sophisticated required equipment. Therefore, this research describes the design and evaluation of the maximal intermittent (MINT) HG exercise strategy, consisting of both a novel exercise protocol (32×5 seconds maximal grip squeezes separated by 5 seconds of rest between sets) and an original grip tool. This research was a multistep progressive design that included 51 postmenopausal women as participants in three separate research studies. Part 1 of this research focuses on the MINT exercise protocol. A literature-informed rationale for the design of the protocol is described. This includes exercise intensity, work-to-rest ratio, and total exercise duration with reference to the unique physiology (mechanoreflex and metaboreflex) of postmenopausal women. Subsequent experimental analyses of acute responses to the MINT protocol revealed that women produced 50% of their maximum grip force with moderate cardiovascular responses (increases of systolic BP: 41.6 mmHg, diastolic BP: 20.1 mmHg, heart rate: 35.1 bpm) that remained far below the thresholds of concern identified by the American College of Sports Medicine. Part 2 of this research describes the creation of a novel grip tool, beginning with a mixed-methods assessment of participant opinions regarding two distinct in-laboratory grip tools, leading to the creation of four prototype MINT tools. Structured focus groups revealed a strong preference for MINT prototype 1 for all tool design features, including color, shape, size, and foam grip. Collectively, the result of this multistep research is a novel HG exercise strategy with enhanced accessibility by being easy to understand and simple to execute. The long-term training effectiveness of MINT as an exercise intervention for the reduction of resting BP has yet to be determined.

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Physical ischaemia induced by isometric exercise facilitated collateral development in the remote ischaemic myocardium of humans

Cited by 14 publications

References 19 publications

Physiological Ischemic Training Promotes Brain Collateral Formation and Improves Functions in Patients with Acute Cerebral Infarction

Physiological Ischemic Training Promotes Brain Collateral Formation and Improves Functions in Patients with Acute Cerebral Infarction

Physiologic Remote Ischemic Training Offers a Cardioprotective Effect against Myocardial Infarction in a Time-Dependent Manner

Maximal intermittent handgrip strategy: design and evaluation of an exercise protocol and a grip tool

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