Physical Growth Charts from Birth to Six Years of Age in Japanese Twins

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W e analyzed the characteristics of weight growth and present the weight growth charts from birth to 6 years of age in Japanese triplets. The study included 366 mothers and their 1098 triplet children, who were born between 1978 and 2006. Data were collected through a mailed questionnaire sent to the mothers asking for information recorded in medical records. For these births, data on triplets' weight growth, gestational age, sex, parity, and maternal age at delivery were obtained from records in the Maternal and Child Health Handbooks, which is provided by the authorities after a report of pregnancy. Birthweight proved to be the strongest contribution on weight of triplets from 1 to 6 years of age. In addition, gestational age was also a significant contributing factor to weight from birth to 6 years of age. Moreover, males had a higher weight from birth to 6 years of age than females. Compared to the 50th percentile of the growth standard for the general population of Japan, the weight deficit of the triplets was more than 40% at birth (male, -1.28 kg; female, -1.28 kg), decreased within the first 1 year of age, and fluctuated between 4% and 9% until 6 years of age (male, -1.82 kg; female, -1.78 kg). In conclusion, triplets have lower birth weight than singletons and in spite of the rapid catch-up growth during first year of life they are behind singletons even in mid-childhood. This study provides growth curves for use in triplets.

Section: Figuresupporting

confidence: 94%

Section: Figuresupporting

confidence: 85%

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Weight Growth Charts from Birth to 6 Years of Age in Japanese Triplets

Yokoyama¹,

Sugimoto

Silventoinen

et al. 2008

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“…Compared to the general population of Japan, the height deficit of Japanese twins is largest at birth but decreased dramatically during the first 6 to 12 months, reaching as little as approximately 2%, around 1 cm for height, by 6 years of age (Ooki & Yokoyama, 2004). These trends were consistent with those reported by Bucker and Green (1994).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Height Growth of Triplets from Birth to 12 Years of Age in Japan

Yokoyama¹,

Sugimoto

Pitkäniemi

et al. 2011

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We analyzed the characteristics associated with the growth in height of Japanese triplets from birth to 12 years of age. The study included 376 mothers and their 1,128 triplet children, who were born between 1978 and 2006. Data were collected through a mailed questionnaire sent to the mothers asking for information recorded in medical records. For these births, data on triplets' length and height growth, gestational age, sex, parity, maternal age at delivery, and maternal height were obtained from records in the Maternal and Child Health Handbooks and records in the school which children receive health check-ups. The height deficit of the triplets compared to the general population of Japan remained between 2% and 5% until 12 years of age. Moreover, at 12 years of age, the differences of height between the general population and triplets were approximately -3.6 cm for male and -4.4 cm for female. Maternal height showed the strongest contribution to height of triplets from 6 to 12 years of age. In conclusion, triplets remain shorter than singletons until 12 years of age.

“…Male triplets had a higher length/height than females. This result is in accordance with previous reports on twins (Buckler & Green, 2004;Ooki & Yokoyama, 2004) and singletons (Britton et al, 1993). The effects of parity, birth order, and maternal age at triplet delivery were very small and mostly disappeared at an early age.…”

Section: Figuresupporting

confidence: 94%

Growth Charts of Length and Height from Birth to Six Years of Age in Japanese Triplets

Yokoyama

Sugimoto²,

Silventoinen³

et al. 2009

Self Cite

We analyzed the characteristics associated with the growth in length and height of Japanese triplets from birth to 6 years of age and present the growth charts for them. The study included 354 mothers and their 1,061 triplet children, who were born between 1978 and 2006. Data were collected through a mailed questionnaire sent to the mothers asking for information recorded in medical records. For these births, data on triplets' length and height growth, gestational age, sex, parity, and maternal age at delivery were obtained from records in the Maternal and Child Health Handbooks, which is provided by the authorities after a report of pregnancy. Birth length showed the strongest contribution to height of triplets from 1 to 6 years of age. In addition, birthweight was also a significant contributing factor to height from 1 to 3 years of age. Compared to the 50th percentile of the growth standard for the general population of Japan, the length and height deficit of the triplets was approximately 15% at birth (male, –7.0 cm; female, –7.0 cm), decreased within the first year of age, and fluctuated between 2 and 5% until 6 years of age (male, –3.7 cm; female, –3.3 cm). In conclusion, triplets have lower birth length and subsequent height than singletons. In spite of the catch-up growth during the first year of life, they are behind singletons even in mid-childhood. This study provides height growth curves for triplets.