Physical fitness modulates the expression of CD39 and CD73 on CD4⁺ CD25⁻ and CD4⁺ CD25⁺ T cells following high intensity interval exercise

Abstract

Aim: To investigate the impact of physical fitness on the mobilization of CD4 + CD25 − CD39 + and CD4 + CD25 + CD39 + T cells in response to acute exercise.Methods: Fifteen high physical fitness (25.3 ± 1.4 years) and 15 low physical fitness (26.1 ± 1.9 years) men performed a single bout of high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE, 10 bouts of 60 seconds at 85% HRmax intercepted by 75 seconds of recovery at 50% HRmax). Blood lymphocytes were isolated before, immediately after and 1 hour after exercise for assessment of cell surface expression of CD25, CD39, and CD73 on CD4 + T cells. Effector memory T cells (mTeff) were identified by CD4 + CD25 − CD39 + coexpression, and memory regulatory T cells (mTReg) were defined as CD4 + CD25 + CD39 + T cells.Results: Exercise increased CD4 + and CD4 + CD25 + T cell frequencies immediately after followed by a decrease bellow to baseline values at 1 hour after the bout in both low and high physical fitness groups. At baseline, the proportions of mTeff were higher, while mTreg were lower in low physical fitness individuals. The frequency of mTreg increased immediately after HIIE in both groups, and remained higher 1 hour after the bout. However, high physical fitness individuals presented higher mTreg frequency in all periods evaluated. A significantly mobilization of mTeff cells was identified in both groups immediately after HIIE. High physical fitness individuals displayed a decrease in mTeff cells bellow to baseline, while the frequency of mTeff remained higher in low physical fitness group 1 hour after the bout. The peripheral frequency of CD4 + CD25 + CD73 + T cells increased in a similar way immediately after the bout in both groups, returning to the baseline values 1 hour after exercise. No differences in CD4 + CD25 − CD73 + T cells were observed after HIIE in both groups. Conclusion:Our results highlight the impact of physical activity status in the redistribution of CD4 + T cells expressing ectonucleotidases in response to HIIE. K E Y W O R D Saerobic fitness, effector memory T cells, interval exercise, memory regulatory T cells

Cardiorespiratory fitness modulates the proportions of monocytes and T helper subsets in lean and obese men

“…Weinhold and co‐workers showed that Olympic elite athletes with high CRF had higher Treg cells compared to athletes with low CRF. Recently, our group was the first to identify a positive correlation between VO 2Peak and the peripheral frequency of mTreg in healthy lean individuals . Moreover, healthy individuals with higher levels of weekly physical activity presented higher frequencies of Treg cells and IL‐10 production than sedentary subjects .…”

“…So far, no study was carried out to evaluate the impact of CRF in the peripheral frequency of CD4 + T cell and monocyte subsets. Recently, we showed that CRF status was positively correlated with mTreg cells and negatively correlated with mTeff cells in health lean individuals . Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate cytokine concentrations, the frequency of CD4 + CD25 high CD127 low Treg cells, as well as CD39 and CD73 expression on CD4 + CD25‐ and CD4 + CD25+ T cells, and the expression of HLA‐DR and CCR5 on CD4 + T cells, and frequencies of monocyte subsets in lean and obese individuals with different levels of CRF.…”

Immunoregulation induced by autologous serum collected after acute exercise in obese men: a randomized cross-over trial

“…In addition, CTLA-4 exerts cell-to-cell immunosuppressive actions by interacting with CD80/CD86 of antigen-presenting cells (APCs), thus inhibiting the induction of the adaptive immune response by lowering CD28 expression 14 , 49 . Regarding the ectonucleotidases, we previously showed that HIIE increases the frequencies of CD4 + CD25 + CD39 + CD73+ T cells, a memory Treg (mTreg) phenotype, in sedentary and highly active men 6 .…”

“…The T cell phenotype is widely influenced by exercise, with a preferential mobilization of memory effector T cells and immunoregulatory cells (i.e., regulatory T cells, Treg cells) 4 , 5 . In this sense, exercise induces an increase in the peripheral frequency of senescent T cells (CD4 + and CD8 + cells that are CD28-), effector memory CD4 + CD25-CD39+ T cells, and CD4 + CD25 + CD39 + memory Treg (mTreg) cells 6 , 7 . Furthermore, cytokine production by PBMCs (mainly by monocytes, lymphocytes, and NKs) changes in response to exercise 8 , 9 .…”

“…Acute high-intensity exercise mobilizes Treg cells and T cells with activated and senescent phenotypes, with subsequent redistribution of these cells to inflamed exercised-tissues (i.e. muscle tissue) 5 , 6 , 26 . Furthermore, acute high-intensity, but not moderate-intensity exercise, induces a switch in intracellular transcription factor expression in T cells, favoring a type 2 inflammatory response mediated by the GATA3-IL-4 axis 27 , 28 .…”