Physical Fitness Evaluation

Kokkinos, Peter

doi:10.1177/1559827613520128

Cited by 7 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Physical fitness was assessed using an electrically braked bicycle ergometer, which has been widely used to study physical working capacity during a short, graded exercise test. 34 After a normal resting electrocardiography, the men continued with the maximal work test with gradually increasing resistance until one had to discontinue due to exhaustion. 35 The maximum load that the men could sustain for 6 minutes was estimated as a measure of physical fitness.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of parental cancer on IQ, stress resilience, and physical fitness in young men

Chen¹,

Fall²,

Czene³

et al. 2018

CLEP

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BackgroundA parental cancer diagnosis is a stressful life event, potentially leading to increased risks of mental and physical problems among children. This study aimed to investigate the associations of parental cancer with IQ, stress resilience, and physical fitness of the affected men during early adulthood.Materials and methodsIn this Swedish population-based study, we included 465,249 men born during 1973–1983 who underwent the military conscription examination around the age of 18 years. We identified cancer diagnoses among the parents of these men from the Cancer Register. IQ, stress resilience, and physical fitness of the men were assessed at the time of conscription and categorized into three levels: low, moderate, and high (reference category). We used multinomial logistic regression to assess the studied associations.ResultsOverall, parental cancer was associated with higher risks of low stress resilience (relative risk ratio [RRR]: 1.09 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.04–1.15]) and low physical fitness (RRR: 1.12 [95% CI 1.05–1.19]). Stronger associations were observed for parental cancer with a poor expected prognosis (low stress resilience: RRR: 1.59 [95% CI 1.31–1.94]; low physical fitness: RRR: 1.45 [95% CI 1.14–1.85]) and for parental death after cancer diagnosis (low stress resilience: RRR: 1.29 [95% CI 1.16–1.43]; low physical fitness: RRR: 1.40 [95% CI 1.23–1.59]). Although there was no overall association between parental cancer and IQ, parental death after cancer diagnosis was associated with a higher risk of low IQ (RRR: 1.11 [95% CI 1.01–1.24]).ConclusionParental cancer, particularly severe and fatal type, is associated with higher risks of low stress resilience and low physical fitness among men during early adulthood. Men who experienced parental death after cancer diagnosis also have a higher risk of low IQ.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of parental cancer on IQ, stress resilience, and physical fitness in young men

Chen¹,

Fall²,

Czene³

et al. 2018

CLEP

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“…Asupan gizi yang baik dan cukup kalsium berperan untuk mengurangi tingkat kelelahan, menurunkan risiko cedera olahraga, dan meningkatkan kesehatan olahragawan (1)(2)(3). Kebugaran fisik olahragawan dipengaruhi oleh faktor genetik sekitar 40% sedangkan sisanya 60% dipengaruhi oleh latihan fisik teratur dan konsumsi gizi yang sehat dan seimbang (4)(5)(6). Penelitian mengenai pengaruh konsumsi susu terhadap performa atlet masih terbatas.…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

“…Susu kambing juga mengandung vitamin B diantaranya riboflavin yang berfungsi sebagai pembangkit energi di otot (11). Susu kambing berperan dalam kontrol tekanan darah karena adanya kandungan angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) dan juga tingginya kadar kalium sehingga konsumsi susu kambing dapat menurunkan tekanan darah dan memperbaiki fungsi jantung (6,11,17). Susu kambing mengandung sekitar 181 mg/100g yang lebih tinggi dari kandungan kalium pada susu sapi yaitu sebesar 152 mg/100g (20).…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

“…Kebugaran fisik (physical fitness) adalah sejumlah komponen atau atribut fisik yang dicapai atau dimiliki seseorang yang berhubungan dengan kemampuan orang untuk melakukan aktivitas fisik tanpa kelelahan dan aman (6). Konsumsi susu kambing meningkatkan kecepatan pada pesenam karena kandungan energi pada susu kambing (70 kcal) lebih tinggi dari susu sapi (69 kcal) (39).…”

Section: Desain Dan Subjekunclassified

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Perubahan antropometri, kalsium darah, tekanan darah, dan kebugaran fisik akibat asupan susu kambing pada olahragawan

Yusni

Amiruddin

2021

Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia

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Changes in anthropometry, blood calcium, blood pressure, and physical fitness due to goat's milk intake in athletesBackground: The intake of healthy-balanced nutrition is needed by athletes. The complex nutritional content of goat milk such as protein, fat, carbohydrate, vitamin, and mineral acts as sports nutrition during and after training. Objective: This study aims to analyze the effects of goat milk on physical fitness, anthropometrics, blood calcium, and blood pressure in athletes. Methods: A clinical trial was conducted using healthy human subjects. Subjects were runners (n=10 people) as the control group and gymnasts (n=19 people) as the treatment group, male, age 21-27 years, and healthy. Bodyweight (BW), Height, and Body Mass Index (BMI), blood calcium, Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP), Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP), and physical fitness were examined two times, before and after consuming goat milk. Intervention: fresh goat milk, 250 mg/day (after dinner), and given for 90 days. Data were analyzed using a paired sample t-test and independent sample t-test. Results: There was no difference between BW (p=0.07), BMI (p=0.08), and DBP (p=0.24), but instead there was a significant difference in SBP (p=0.00) before and after goat milk intervention in the experimental group. Blood calcium was significantly increased (p=0.00) in the intervention group, whereas reverse decreased significantly (p=0.02) in controls. A significant difference before and after therapy was found in speed (p=0.00), arm muscle endurance (p=0.01), an-aerobic endurance (p=0.00), agility (p=0.02), however, there was no significant difference between leg muscle power (p=0.13), flexibility (p=0.23), an endurance of abdominal muscles (p=0.26), VO2 max (p=1.15) in the intervention group. Conclusions: Regular consumption of goat milk can reduce SBP, increase blood calcium levels, and improve physical fitness (speed, arm muscle endurance, anaerobic endurance, and agility) in athletes. Goat milk is an essential role in sports nutrition for physical fitness and athlete's health.

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“…Performance on exercise tolerance testing with either treadmill or cycle ergometers in laboratory settings or field-based tests (e.g., shuttle run, walking tests, step tests) are typically used to estimate CRF [3,36]. Static and dynamic MST can be measured using tests that elicit isometric, concentric, eccentric, or isokinetic contractions involving various laboratory and field-based protocols (e.g., bodyweight exercises, resistance machines, free weights, dynamometers, force plates) [3,16,[36][37][38]. Flexibility is often assessed using goniometry [25], observer visual rating of range of motion [39], sit-and-reach distance [25], or other tests of functional mobility [3,39].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Active and Fit Communities. Associations between Neighborhood Walkability and Health-Related Fitness in Adults

McCormack

Frehlich

Blackstaffe

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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There are many health benefits of regular physical activity and improving physical fitness levels can reduce the risk of chronic disease. Accumulating evidence suggests the neighborhood built environment is important for supporting physical activity; however, few studies have investigated the contribution of the neighborhood built environment to fitness levels. We examined the associations between objectively-determined and self-reported neighborhood walkability and overall and specific components of perceived health-related fitness (cardiorespiratory, muscular strength, and flexibility) in a random sample of 592 adults from two areas of Calgary (Canada). Participants provided complete data to an online questionnaire capturing perceived cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), muscular strength (MST), flexibility, moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA), resistance training, and sociodemographic characteristics. The questionnaire also captured participant’s perceptions of their neighborhood’s walkability (Physical Activity Neighborhood Environment Scale; PANES) and the physical activity supportiveness of neighborhood parks (Park Perceptions Index; PPI). Objectively-measured neighborhood walkability was estimated using Walk Score®. The average (SD) age of participants was 46.6 (14.8) years and 67.2% were female. Participants, on average, participated in at least 30-minutes of MVPA on 3.4 (2.1) days/week and undertook resistance training 2.0 (1.8) days/week. Adjusting for covariates, Walk Score® was not associated with any fitness outcomes. Adjusting for covariates, the PANES index was positively associated (p < 0.05) with CRF, MST, flexibility, and overall fitness and the PPI was positively associated (p < 0.05) with all fitness outcomes except MST. Our findings provide novel preliminary evidence suggesting the neighborhood built environment may be important for supporting higher health-related fitness levels in adults.

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Physical Fitness Evaluation

Cited by 7 publications

References 28 publications

Impact of parental cancer on IQ, stress resilience, and physical fitness in young men

Impact of parental cancer on IQ, stress resilience, and physical fitness in young men

Perubahan antropometri, kalsium darah, tekanan darah, dan kebugaran fisik akibat asupan susu kambing pada olahragawan

Active and Fit Communities. Associations between Neighborhood Walkability and Health-Related Fitness in Adults

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