Physical fitness and activity, metabolic profile, adipokines and endothelial function in children

Penha, Jociene Terra da; Mussi, Fernanda Carneiro; Carvalho, Cecília Noronha de Miranda; Madeira, Isabel Rey; Rodrigues‐Júnior, Flávio; Machado, Elisabeth de Amorim; Sicuro, Fernando Lencastre; Farinatti, Paulo; Collett‐Solberg, Paulo Ferrez

doi:10.1016/j.jped.2018.04.010

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The increase in childhood obesity worldwide is recognized as one of the most severe public health problems. The evidence of the association between childhood obesity and parameters of MetS is increasing (7,16,17). Adipocytokines and genetic background are known to be important in the pathogenesis of MetS (18,19).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Total and High Molecular Weight Adiponectin with Components of Metabolic Syndrome in Mexican Children

Gomez¹,

Moreno-Mascareño²,

Angulo-Rojo³

et al. 2020

Jcrpe

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Childhood obesity linked to metabolic alterations, tend to appear simultaneously with altered adipocytokines, suggesting a role in pathogenetic development. Low circulating level of total and high molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin have been associated with components of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and could represent an independent risk factor with potential use as a biomarker. To examine the prevalence of MetS in Mexican school children and to investigate the association of total and HMW adiponectin levels with biochemical parameters related to MetS. Methods: The study included a population of boys and girls, from 8 to 11 years old. Anthropometric and biochemical parameters were evaluated according to weight and MetS status. A correlation analysis was fitted to establish an association between adiponectin concentrations and metabolic indicators. Results: One-hundred and fifty five children participated (59.4% females) from 8-11 years of age. The prevalence of MetS was of 10.3%. Impaired biochemical parameters, including total and HMW adiponectin, were associated with obesity. The adiponectin level was significantly lower in MetS than in non-MetS subjects (4.5 vs. 5.4 μg/mL). Total-but not HMW adiponectin concentration was negatively correlated with blood pressure, fasting insulin, fasting blood sugar and Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance. Conclusion: In young children, the total adiponectin level is associated with impaired biochemical parameters of carbohydrate metabolism and could be an excellent early predictor of metabolic complications.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Total and High Molecular Weight Adiponectin with Components of Metabolic Syndrome in Mexican Children

Gomez¹,

Moreno-Mascareño²,

Angulo-Rojo³

et al. 2020

Jcrpe

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“…HPF assessment, therefore, may have important implications in the prevention of chronic diseases. Previous studies have shown that HPF can predict multiple risk factors for CVD [12][13][14]. Body composition is better at distinguishing between fat mass and fat-free mass than BMI.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between Health-Related Physical Fitness and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Overweight and Obese University Staff

Chen

Zhou

Pan

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Purpose: This cross-sectional study examined the associations between health-related physical fitness (HPF) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in overweight and obese university staff. Methods: A total of 340 university staff (109 women, mean age 43.1 ± 9.7years) with overweight (n = 284) and obesity (n = 56) were included. The HPF indicators included skeletal muscle mass index (SMI), body fat percentage (BFP), grip strength (GS), sit-and-reach test (SRT), and vital capacity index (VCI). CVD risk factors were measured, including uric acid (UA), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and glucose (GLU). Results: BFP, SMI, and GS were positively associated with UA level (β = 0.239, β = 0.159, β = 0.139, p < 0.05). BFP was positively associated with TG and TG/HDL-C levels (β = 0.421, β = 0.259, p < 0.05). GS was positively associated with HDL-C level (β = 0.244, p < 0.05). SRT was negatively associated with GLU level (β = −0.130, p < 0.05). Conclusions: In overweight and obese university staff, body composition, muscle strength, and flexibility were associated with CVD risk factors. An HPF test may be a practical nonmedical method to assess CVD risk.

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“…Obesity and high blood pressure contribute to the deterioration of vascular reactivity [ 56 ] and carotid obstruction in children [ 57 ]. The effects of swimming on vascular function in children and adolescents have been neglected by current research.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Recreational Swimming Intervention during the Whole School Year Improves Fitness and Cardiometabolic Risk in Children and Adolescents with Overweight and Obesity

Machado

Jannuzzi

Telles

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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The benefits of swimming as a treatment for overweight children are undefined. We investigated the effects of recreational swimming on cardiometabolic risk in children/adolescents with normal and excess weight. Participants (n = 49, 26 girls, 10.3 ± 1.8 y) were grouped as ‘eutrophic swimming’ (EU-Swim, n = 14); ‘excess weight swimming’ (EW-Swim, n = 20) with an ‘obese swimming’ subgroup (OB-Swim, n = 10); and ‘excess weight sedentary’ (EW-Sed, n = 15) with an ‘obese sedentary’ subgroup (OB-Sed, n = 11). Swimming (50 min, twice/week, moderate-vigorous intensity) was an extra activity during the school year (6 + 3 months with a 3-month school break). Nutritional status, blood pressure (BP), physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness, biochemical variables, autonomic modulation, endothelial function, abdominal fat, and carotid thickness were assessed at baseline, 6, and 12 months. Greater improvements (p < 0.05) occurred in EW-Swim vs. EW-Sed in body mass index (z-BMI, −16%, d+ 0.52), waist-to-height ratio (W/H, −8%, d+ 0.59–0.79), physical activity (37–53%, d+ 1.8–2.2), cardiorespiratory fitness (30–40%, d+ 0.94–1.41), systolic BP (SBP, −6–8%, d+ 0.88–1.17), diastolic BP (DBP, −9–10%, d+ 0.70–0.85), leptin (−14–18%, d+ 0.29–0.41), forearm blood flow (FBF, 26–41%, d+ 0.53–0.64), subcutaneous fat (SAT, −6%, d+ 0.18), and intra-abdominal fat (VAT, −16%, d+ 0.63). OB-Swim showed improvements vs. OB-Sed in TNFα (−17%, d+ 1.15) and adiponectin (22%, d+ 0.40). Swimming improved fitness and cardiometabolic risk in children/adolescents with overweight/obesity (TCTR20220216001).

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Physical fitness and activity, metabolic profile, adipokines and endothelial function in children

Abstract: This study showed that endothelial dysfunction is already present in obese children, suggesting a predisposition to atherosclerotic disease. Moreover, HDL cholesterol levels were correlated with physical fitness, regardless of body mass index.

Cited by 13 publications

References 28 publications

Association of Total and High Molecular Weight Adiponectin with Components of Metabolic Syndrome in Mexican Children

Association of Total and High Molecular Weight Adiponectin with Components of Metabolic Syndrome in Mexican Children

Associations between Health-Related Physical Fitness and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Overweight and Obese University Staff

A Recreational Swimming Intervention during the Whole School Year Improves Fitness and Cardiometabolic Risk in Children and Adolescents with Overweight and Obesity

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