Physical exercise modulates the homeostasis of human regulatory T cells

Weinhold, Max; Shimabukuro‐Vornhagen, Alexander; Franke, Axel; Theurich, Sebastian; Wahl, Patrick; Hallek, Michael; Schmidt, Annette; Schinköthe, Timo; Mester, Joachim; Bergwelt‐Baildon, Michael von; Bloch, Wilhelm

doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2015.10.035

Cited by 68 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Firstly, regular exercise has anti-inflammatory properties, thereby counteracting a hallmark of cancer and many side effects. It is hypothesized that this systemic anti-inflammatory effect of regular exercise is mainly driven by a reduction of fat mass [24], an induction of regulatory T-cells [25] and a release of specific cytokines [24]. Secondly, exercise has proven to mobilize and activate immune cells which are involved in the host-tumor defense, such as natural killer cells and cytotoxic T-cells [26,27].…”

Section: Physical Activity and Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Proceedings of the 5th annual symposium of the German Society for Paleo Nutrition held in 2017

Steger¹

2017

jevohealth

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Section: Physical Activity and Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Proceedings of the 5th annual symposium of the German Society for Paleo Nutrition held in 2017

Steger¹

2017

jevohealth

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“…In a more recent investigation, Weinhold et al (2015) addressed the question of how much circulating Tregs might be affected by exercise and whether there exists an influence of training loads on the number of Tregs. To that end, the rate of CD3 + CD4 + CD25 high CD127 low Tregs was determined in blood samples of 245 elite athletes showing that although there was a rise in Tregs in both male and female athletes, the number of Tregs in females was reduced by an average of 10%, most likely due to an influence of sex-specific hormones.…”

Section: The Impacts Of Exercise On the Immune System And The Underlymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To that end, the rate of CD3 + CD4 + CD25 high CD127 low Tregs was determined in blood samples of 245 elite athletes showing that although there was a rise in Tregs in both male and female athletes, the number of Tregs in females was reduced by an average of 10%, most likely due to an influence of sex-specific hormones. Associated with the boost of Tregs, serum levels of TGF-β likewise raised and, conversely, blocking of TGF-β accelerated T cell growth (Weinhold et al, 2015). These findings yet again underpinned an intensity-dependent impact of endurance exercise on circulating Tregs and, since the effect size was located within the scope of physiological relevance, its association with a pronounced anti-inflammatory status, what on the other hand might contribute to explain the observed phenomenon of overtrained athletes being increasingly prone to infections of the upper respiratory tract (Weinhold et al, 2015).…”

Section: The Impacts Of Exercise On the Immune System And The Underlymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Physical activity is principally suitable - beside yielding overall health-promoting benefits - to specifically generate a quantifiable anti-inflammatory activity (e.g., Weinhold et al, 2015) and, in contrast, the degree of physical inactivity commonly occurring on a global scale substantially contributes to chronic diseases and premature death (Booth et al, 2012; Lee et al, 2012). Moreover, the discernible necessity of the body to be active might at least in part be tied to the role that physical activity has played in the survival of our ancestors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exercise-Induced Release of Pharmacologically Active Substances and Their Relevance for Therapy of Hepatic Injury

Schon

Weiskirchen

2016

Front. Pharmacol.

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Chronic liver disease (CLD) features constant parenchymal injury and repair together with an increasing hepatic impairment, finally leading to fibrosis and cirrhosis and a heightened risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Closely related to the rise in obesity, the worldwide prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, the most common form of CLD, has reached an epidemic dimension and is estimated to aﬄict up to 46% of the general population, including more than one out of three U.S. citizens. Up to now there is no effective drug treatment available, which is why recommendations encompass both exercise programs and changes in dietary habits. Exercise is well-known for unleashing potent anti-inflammatory effects, which can principally counteract liver inflammation and chronic low-grade inflammation. This review article summarizes the underlying mechanisms responsible for the exercise-mediated anti-inflammatory effects, illustrates the application in animal models as well as in humans, and highlights the therapeutic value when possible. Based on the available results there is no doubt that exercise can even be beneficial in an advanced stage of liver disease and it is the goal of this review article to provide evidence for the therapeutic impact on fibrosis, cirrhosis, and HCC and to assess whether exercise might be of value as adjuvant therapy in the treatment of CLD. In principle, all exercise programs carried out in these high-risk patients should be guided and observed by qualified healthcare professionals to guarantee the patients’ safety. Nevertheless, it is also necessary to additionally determine the optimal amount and intensity of exercise to maximize its value, which is why further studies are essential.

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“…However, exercise intervention studies in both, humans and animals suggest that physical activity induces an anti-inflammatory cytokine profile, e.g. by increasing the number of IL-10 releasing regulatory T-cells and by reducing fat mass [34,35]. Additionally, physical activity induces a number of neuroprotective and neurotrophic factors such as BDNF, VEGF, IGF-1 and 5-HT [36].…”

Section: Molecular Underspinning Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Physical Inactivity on the Multifactorial Process of Developing Cancer-Related Cognitive Impairments

LM¹,

Zimmer²

2016

J Cancer Sci Ther

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Many cancer survivors report cognitive impairment before, during and after medical treatment. It is well known that many factors other than chemotherapy take part in the development of these cancer-related cognitive impairments (CRCI), such as cancer-related fatigue, psychological as well as molecular factors. The purpose of this review is to describe the impact of physical inactivity in the genesis of these cognitive changes in cancer patients. References for this narrative review comes primarily from PubMed, Cochrane Library and Livivo databases. It contains literature search from October 2003 to April 2016. Our search was focused on available data for the influence of physical inactivity on cognitive performance of cancer patients. Cancer patients have decreased levels of physical activity during treatment. It is suggested that lack of physical activity in general is associated with cognitive decline. At present, most available data comes from trials with heart failure patients as well as results from bed rest studies in space medicine. The development of CRCI is a multifactorial process with physical inactivity appearing to play an important role. However, the available data remains limited and future trials are needed to examine the specific role of physical inactivity on CRCI.[ [14][15][16]. The role of physical inactivity in the multifactorial process of CRCI development has not been extensively described and is the focus of our review (Figure 1). Materials and MethodsThis narrative review has been divided into four sections: 1) multifactorial aspects generating CRCI, 2) the role of physical inactivity, 3) discussion, and 4) conclusion. Information from this narrative review was obtained by searching the PubMed, Livivo and Cochrane Library databases from October 2003 to June 2016. A first search focuses on the influence of physical inactivity on development of cognitive impairments in cancer patients. Therefore, a combination of following terms was used: on the one hand "cancer-related cognitive decline", "cancer-related cognitive dysfunctions", "cancer-related cognitive impairments", "chemobrain", "chemofog", "post-chemotherapy cognitive impairment", "cancer brain", "cancer associated cognitive impairment", "cancer-therapy-associated cognitive impairment" and on the other hand "bed rest", "immobilization", "lack of exercise", "physical inactivity". There were no publications referring to this aspect exclusively. As such, a second search was conducted focusing on influence of physical inactivity on cognitive performance in general. Therefore, a combination of the following terms was used: "physical inactivity", "bed rest", "immobilization", "lack of exercise" and on the Citation: Pesendorfer LM, Zimmer P, Galvão DA, Bloch W, Baumann FT (2016) Impact of Physical Inactivity on the Multifactorial Process of Developing Cancer-Related Cognitive Impairments. J Cancer Sci Ther 8: 222-227. doi: 10.4172/1948-5956 changes might be associated with impaired memory performance and difficulties in learning [4,5...

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Physical exercise modulates the homeostasis of human regulatory T cells

Cited by 68 publications

References 40 publications

Proceedings of the 5th annual symposium of the German Society for Paleo Nutrition held in 2017

Proceedings of the 5th annual symposium of the German Society for Paleo Nutrition held in 2017

Exercise-Induced Release of Pharmacologically Active Substances and Their Relevance for Therapy of Hepatic Injury

Impact of Physical Inactivity on the Multifactorial Process of Developing Cancer-Related Cognitive Impairments

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