Physical Exercise Improves Cognitive Outcomes in 2 Models of Transient Cerebral Ischemia

Stradecki-Cohan, Holly M.; Youbi, Mehdi; Cohan, Charles H.; Saul, Isa; Garvin, A A; Perez, Enrique; Dave, Kunjan R.; Wright, Clinton B.; Sacco, Ralph L.; Pérez-Pinzón, Miguel A.

doi:10.1161/strokeaha.117.017296

Cited by 15 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Long periods of exercise training following ischemia was found to enhance the induction of learning dependent LTP in the hippocampal CA3 region [181]. Additionally, short periods of moderate treadmill exercise in two different models of CI were found to enhance cognitive function in rats as indicated by improved hippocampal-dependent contextual fear memory [182]. Interestingly, exercise has also been shown to enhance short term plasticity, as indicated by increased PPF, as well as upregulate innervation from regions within the brain that are important for spatial memory and theta rhythm generation [183].…”

Section: Combatting Disrupted Plasticity Mechanisms: Treatments/theramentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered Neural Networks in the Papez Circuit: Implications for Cognitive Dysfunction after Cerebral Ischemia

Escobar

Jackson

et al. 2019

JAD

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Cerebral ischemia remains a leading cause of mortality worldwide. Although the incidence of death has decreased over the years, surviving patients may suffer from long-term cognitive impairments and have an increased risk for dementia. Unfortunately, research aimed toward developing therapies that can improve cognitive outcomes following cerebral ischemia has proved difficult given the fact that little is known about the underlying processes involved. Nevertheless, mechanisms that disrupt neural network activity may provide valuable insight, since disturbances in both local and global networks in the brain have been associated with deficits in cognition. In this review, we suggest that abnormal neural dynamics within different brain networks may arise from disruptions in synaptic plasticity processes and circuitry after ischemia. This discussion primarily concerns disruptions in local network activity within the hippocampus and other extra-hippocampal components of the Papez circuit, given their role in memory processing. However, impaired synaptic plasticity processes and disruptions in structural and functional connections within the Papez circuit have important implications for alterations within the global network, as well. Although much work is required to establish this relationship, evidence thus far suggests there is a link. If pursued further, findings may lead toward a better understanding of how deficits in cognition arise, not only in cerebral ischemia, but in other neurological diseases as well.

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Section: Combatting Disrupted Plasticity Mechanisms: Treatments/theramentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered Neural Networks in the Papez Circuit: Implications for Cognitive Dysfunction after Cerebral Ischemia

Escobar

Jackson

et al. 2019

JAD

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“…In contrast, significant atrophy of the medial temporal lobe was found in the control group. This area with the increase in regional blood flow after exercise might be associated with cognition, indicating that exercise was a possible means of ameliorating atrophy post-stroke and improving long-term cognition [16,37,38].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Community Exercise for Patients with Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Peng

Zhou

Jiang

2019

Physikalische Medizin, Rehabilitationsmedizin, Kurortmedizin

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Background Community exercise might be beneficial to stroke recovery. However, the results remained controversial. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to explore the effect of community exercise on stroke patients. Methods PubMed, EMbase, Web of science, EBSCO, and Cochrane library databases were systematically searched. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the effect of community exercise vs. usual care on stroke were included. Two investigators independently searched articles, extracted data, and assessed the quality of included studies. The primary outcome were 6-Minute walk test and walking speed. Metaanalysis was performed using random-effect model. Results Four RCTs involving 497 patients were included in the metaanalysis. Overall, compared with control intervention, community exercise intervention was found to significantly improve 6-Minute walk distance (Std. mean difference=0.48; 95% CI=0.22 to 0.74; P=0.0003), and walking speed (Std. mean difference=0.40; 95% CI=0.10 to 0.70; P=0.009) in stroke patients, but resulted in no influence on Berg Balance Scale (Std. mean difference=0.39; 95% CI=−0.29 to 1.07; P=0.26), muscle strength (Std. mean difference=0.05; 95% CI=-0.34 to 0.43; P=0.82) and mental quality of life (Std. mean difference=0.04; 95% CI=−0.25 to 0.34; P=0.77). Conclusions Compared to control intervention, community exercise was found to significantly increase 6-Minute walk test, walking speed and Berg Balance Scale, but showed no influence on Berg Balance Scale, muscle strength and mental quality of life.

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“…Three days prior to undergoing MCAO surgery, rats were exposed to the treadmill for a 3 day period, in order to acclimate themselves and reduce stress in later behavioral experiments. Three days following MCAO animals began daily exercise training for 6 days (Stradecki-Cohan et al, 2017). All animals were placed on the treadmill for a 2 min warm up at a speed of 5 m/min.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The exercise speeds for each group were as follows; no exercise (0 m/min), mild exercise (6 m/min), moderate exercise (9 m/min), and intense exercise (12 m/min). In our previous study, 3 month old male rats were able to run at a speed of 18 m/min for 30 min (Stradecki-Cohan et al, 2017). However, 12 month old rats were unable to run at this speed after MCAO.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The optimal amount of exercise or exercise type that promotes recovery is not well defined. A previous study from our laboratory indicated that an acute bout of forced treadmill exercise (30 min a day for 6 days at a speed of 10–12 m/min) promoted cognitive recovery following both cardiac arrest and stroke in 3 month old male rats (Stradecki-Cohan et al, 2017). However, stroke is an injury that commonly occurs in the elderly.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sex-Dependent Differences in Physical Exercise-Mediated Cognitive Recovery Following Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion in Aged Rats

Cohan

Youbi

Saul

et al. 2019

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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Stroke remains a leading cause of death and disability in the United States. No current treatments exist to promote cognitive recovery in survivors of stroke. A previous study from our laboratory determined that an acute bout of forced treadmill exercise was able to promote cognitive recovery in 3 month old male rats after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo). In this study, we tested the hypothesis that 6 days of intense acute bout of forced treadmill exercise (physical exercise – PE) promotes cognitive recovery in 11–14 month old male rats. We determined that PE was able to ameliorate cognitive deficits as determined by contextual fear conditioning. Additionally, we also tested the hypothesis that PE promotes cognitive recovery in 11–13 month old reproductive senescent female rats. In contrast to males, the same intensity of exercise that decrease cognitive deficits in males was not able to promote cognitive recovery in female rats. Additionally, we determined that exercise did not lessen infarct volume in both male and female rats. There are many factors that contribute to higher stroke mortality and morbidities in women and thus, future studies will investigate the effects of PE in aged female rats to identify sex differences.

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Physical Exercise Improves Cognitive Outcomes in 2 Models of Transient Cerebral Ischemia

Cited by 15 publications

References 15 publications

Altered Neural Networks in the Papez Circuit: Implications for Cognitive Dysfunction after Cerebral Ischemia

Altered Neural Networks in the Papez Circuit: Implications for Cognitive Dysfunction after Cerebral Ischemia

Effect of Community Exercise for Patients with Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Sex-Dependent Differences in Physical Exercise-Mediated Cognitive Recovery Following Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion in Aged Rats

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