Physical Exercise and Glucose Tolerance in Nigerian University Students

Abstract

Background: Studying post-prandial fluctuations in blood glucose has high physiological and clinical relevance. Physical exercise is known to influence this fluctuation.
 Objectives: To determine the gender difference in glucose tolerance following physical exercise in a population of university students.
 Methods: A total of 146 students were randomly selected from the Olabisi Onabanjo University, Sagamu, Ogun State, southwest Nigeria. Following overnight fast, Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) was carried out. Pre-exercise, fasting blood glucose (FBG) was measured at 0 mins, and after oral glucose load of 75 grams at 30 minutes intervals for 2 hours. The physical exercise involved cycling using a bicycle ergometer for an hour. Thereafter, OGTT was conducted again 1 hour post-exercise.
 Results: The ages of the subjects ranged from 20 years to 49 years. There were 73 (50.0%) females. The mean Body Mass Index (BMI) of 23.5±1.1 kg/m2 for females was comparable to 22.8±0.3 kg/m2 for the males (p = 0.571). Seven (9.6%) females were obese compared to 2 (2.7%) males. The mean post-prandial blood glucose increased from 71.6±1.6 mg/dl to 90.8±1.8 mg/dl after oral glucose load and thereafter to 88.0±4.2 mg/dl at 120 minutes among males. The post-exercise blood glucose patterns included a significant reduction in the mean FBS for males compared to females (64.5±1.9 mg/dl vs. 71.7±1.9 mg/dl; p = 0.001)
 Conclusions: Glucose tolerance with exercise is better in females than males. The clinical importance of physical exercise lies in its effect on glucose tolerance.

[Retracted] Effects of Physical Exercise on Physical Fitness and Mental Health of Obese Students

“…Comrade Jiang Zemin pointed out in the report of the 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China that one of the goals of building a well-off society in an all-round way is to “remarkably improve the ideological and moral quality, scientific and cultural quality and health quality of the whole nation, and form a relatively complete national education system, science and technology and cultural innovation system., national fitness and health care systems” [ 1 ]. Health quality is an important symbol of social progress and civilization, and it contains the health meanings of people's psychology, physiology, and society [ 2 ].…”

Baseline Plasma Fibrinogen and Glycated Haemoglobin (HbA1c) Levels in Normoglycaemic Offspring of Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

“…[26] The raised concentration of proinflammatory cytokines and the resultant acute phase response may underlie much of the metabolic clustering, including glucose tolerance. [27] Therefore, an increase in the acute phase proteins explains the elevation of fibrinogen in T2DM hence, the present study shows that the elevated blood levels of fibrinogen and HbA1c could be an early event that precedes the expression of impaired glucose tolerance or any change in asymptomatic offspring of patients with T2DM. [28] The involvement of elevated plasma fibrinogen as a risk factor for the development of T2DM remains controversial.…”