Physical exercise affects the epigenetic programming of rat brain and modulates the adaptive response evoked by repeated restraint stress

Kashimoto, Roberto Kiyoshi; Toffoli, Leandro Vaz; Manfredo, Marcelo H.; Volpini, V.L.; Martins‐Pinge, Marli Cardoso; Pelosi, Gislaine Garcia; Gomes, M.V.

doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2015.08.038

Cited by 37 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Although it is well recognized that physical activity can control gene expression through epigenetic alterations [ 11 ], effective modulation of the methylation status of neurodegeneration-related genes remains to be largely investigated, particularly in peripheral tissues. Recently, exercise was shown to increase the global DNA methylation profile in the rat hypothalamus [ 77 ] or to induce DNA hypomethylation of the promoter IV-BDNF [ 18 ], as well as “at specific CpG site located within a VegfA promoter” [ 11 , 78 ]. The latter findings were related to a significant reduction of Dnmt3b mRNA in the hippocampus of exercised rats, suggesting that genome-wide DNA hypomethylation can occur in the brain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenetic Modifications of the α‐Synuclein Gene and Relative Protein Content Are Affected by Ageing and Physical Exercise in Blood from Healthy Subjects

Daniele

Costa

Pietrobono

et al. 2018

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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Epigenetic regulation may contribute to the beneficial effects of physical activity against age-related neurodegeneration. For example, epigenetic alterations of the gene encoding for α-synuclein (SNCA) have been widely explored in both brain and peripheral tissues of Parkinson's disease samples. However, no data are currently available about the effects of physical exercise on SNCA epigenetic regulation in ageing healthy subjects. The present paper explored whether, in healthy individuals, age and physical activity are related to blood intron1-SNCA (SNCAI1) methylation, as well as further parameters linked to such epigenetic modification (total, oligomeric α-synuclein and DNA methyltransferase concentrations in the blood). Here, the SNCAI1 methylation status increased with ageing, and consistent with this result, low α-synuclein levels were found in the blood. The direct relationship between SNCAI1 methylation and α-synuclein levels was observed in samples characterized by blood α-synuclein concentrations of 76.3 ng/mg protein or lower (confidence interval (CI) = 95%). In this selected population, higher physical activity reduced the total and oligomeric α-synuclein levels. Taken together, our data shed light on ageing- and physical exercise-induced changes on the SNCA methylation status and protein levels of α-synuclein.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenetic Modifications of the α‐Synuclein Gene and Relative Protein Content Are Affected by Ageing and Physical Exercise in Blood from Healthy Subjects

Daniele

Costa

Pietrobono

et al. 2018

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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“…Evidence shows that DNA methylation is an important mechanism by which exercise affects gene expression. It is known that exercise differentially modulates the methylation pattern of specific CpG islands located at Bdnf gene (Zajac et al, 2010), decreases hippocampal expression of DNMTs (DNMT1, DNMT3a and DNMT3b) (Abel and Rissman, 2013, Elsner et al, 2013, Kashimoto et al, 2016), attenuates the global methylation changes induced by stress (Rodrigues et al, 2015, Kashimoto et al, 2016), and increases Bdnf transcription through demethylation of its promoter IV (Gomez-Pinilla et al, 2011). …”

Section: Epigenetics Mechanisms and Brainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical exercise as an epigenetic modulator of brain plasticity and cognition

Fernandes

Arida

Gómez‐Pinilla

2017

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

224

172

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A large amount of evidence has demonstrated the power of exercise to support cognitive function, the effects of which can last for considerable time. An emerging line of scientific evidence indicates that the effects of exercise are longer lasting than previously thought up to the point to affect future generations. The action of exercise on epigenetic regulation of gene expression seem central to building an “epigenetic memory” to influence long-term brain function and behavior. In this review article, we discuss new developments in the epigenetic field connecting exercise with changes in cognitive function, including DNA methylation, histone modifications and microRNAs (miRNAs). The understanding of how exercise promotes long-term cognitive effects is crucial for directing the power of exercise to reduce the burden of neurological and psychiatric disorders.

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“…Epigenetic regulation could mediate crucial factors of aging and degenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease. Studies have shown that exercise modifies the epigenetic mechanism in the hippocampus [25][26][27][28] and may prevent epigenetic changes due to aging or CNS disorders [29][30][31] . Specifically, acetylation of histones (histone 3 and histone 4) enhances gene expression, including hippocampal BDNF.…”

Section: Exercise Increases the Expression Of Bdnf In The Hippocampusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic exercise accompanied by neuronal modulation to enhance neurotrophic factors in the brain with central nervous system disorders

2019

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Exercise is a primary therapeutic regimen in physical therapy to rehabilitate the motor function of patients with central nervous system (CNS) disorders such as cerebrovascular accident (CVA). Furthermore, exercise positively contributes to cognitive function related to neuroplasticity and neuroprotection in the hippocampus. Neurotrophins play a crucial role in neuroplasticity, neurogenesis, and neuroprotection in the CNS. Exercise enhances the expression of neurotrophins in the brain. Thus, novel regimens for kinesiotherapy in CNS disorders to further enhance exercise-induced expression are expected. In this review, we described three novel regimens for kinesiotherapy in CNS disorders based on the interaction between exercise and pharmacological treatment with the idea of "inhibition of inhibition" in the CNS.

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Physical exercise affects the epigenetic programming of rat brain and modulates the adaptive response evoked by repeated restraint stress

Cited by 37 publications

References 20 publications

Epigenetic Modifications of the α‐Synuclein Gene and Relative Protein Content Are Affected by Ageing and Physical Exercise in Blood from Healthy Subjects

Epigenetic Modifications of the α‐Synuclein Gene and Relative Protein Content Are Affected by Ageing and Physical Exercise in Blood from Healthy Subjects

Physical exercise as an epigenetic modulator of brain plasticity and cognition

Therapeutic exercise accompanied by neuronal modulation to enhance neurotrophic factors in the brain with central nervous system disorders

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