Physical Examination Findings Among Children and Adolescents With Obesity: An Evidence-Based Review

Armstrong, Sarah; Lazorick, Suzanne; Hampl, Sarah; Skelton, Joseph A.; Wood, Charles T.; Collier, David N.; Perrin, Eliana M.

doi:10.1542/peds.2015-1766

Cited by 20 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 140 publications

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“…The reference values presented in this study could be used by the Iranian physicians to identify children and adolescents with abnormal NC values; considering the significant risks of future cardiovascular and metabolic disorders associated with higher NC ( 26 - 29 ), preventive measures could be taken for these subjects predisposed to the aforementioned conditions. However, further studies are needed to determine the optimal cut-off points for prediction of cardiovascular, pulmonary, and metabolic outcomes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neck Circumference Percentiles of Iranian Children and Adolescents: The Weight Disorders Survey of CASPIAN IV Study

Hosseini

Motlagh

Yousefifard

et al. 2017

Int J Endocrinol Metab

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BackgroundNeck circumference (NC), emerging as a key morphological index for pediatric obesity, is associated with obesity- and overweight-related detrimental conditions in children. In this study, we aimed to provide the age- and sex-specific percentile reference values for neck circumference of the Iranian children and adolescents.MethodsWe used the data gathered through the weight disorders survey of CASPIAN IV study conducted in 2011 - 2012 in Iran, including a total of 21954 Iranian children and adolescents, composed of 10750 girls and 11204 boys, aged 7 - 18 years old. We presented the interval of NC percentile in three age groups of 7 - 10 years, 11 - 14 years, and 15 - 18 years. Finally, age-specific nomograms of NC for both genders in the Iranian and Canadian populations were compared.ResultsThe intervals of 90th percentile of NC for boys in the three periods of school age (7 - 10 years), pre-adolescence (11 - 14 years), and adolescence (15 - 18 years) were 24.2 - 30.0 cm, 26.6 - 33.2 cm, and 30.1 - 38.5 cm, respectively. These intervals for girls were 23.7 - 30.1 cm, 26.5 - 33.7 cm, and 28.5 - 36.0 cm, respectively. NC increased with age in both boys and girls and its variability showed an increasing trend with age.ConclusionsWe demonstrated for the first time the NC reference values for the Iranian children and adolescents aged 7 - 18 years old. Considering the significant differences between our national NC references and the values reported from the Canadian population, it seems logical to use these national percentiles not only for epidemiologic studies but also for routine clinical examinations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neck Circumference Percentiles of Iranian Children and Adolescents: The Weight Disorders Survey of CASPIAN IV Study

Hosseini

Motlagh

Yousefifard

et al. 2017

Int J Endocrinol Metab

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“…Children with obesity commonly have a mechanical deficiency in the medial tibial growth plate which can result in the bowing of the tibia [ 23 , 28 ], known as tibia varus or Blount’s disease. Children with obesity can also experience slipped capital femoral epiphysis around skeletal maturity, where the femur is rotated externally from the growth plate causing pain and the inability to walk [ 22 , 29 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Pilot Study of Iyengar Yoga for Pediatric Obesity: Effects on Gait and Emotional Functioning

et al. 2018

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Obesity negatively impacts the kinematics and kinetics of the lower extremities in children and adolescents. Although yoga has the potential to provide several distinct benefits for children with obesity, this is the first study to examine the benefits of yoga for gait (primary outcome) in youths with obesity. Secondary outcomes included health-related quality of life (HRQoL), physical activity, and pain. Feasibility and acceptability were also assessed. Nine youths (11–17 years) participated in an eight-week Iyengar yoga intervention (bi-weekly 1-h classes). Gait, HRQOL (self and parent-proxy reports), and physical activity were assessed at baseline and post-yoga. Pain was self-reported at the beginning of each class. Significant improvements were found in multiple gait parameters, including hip, knee, and ankle motion and moments. Self-reported and parent-proxy reports of emotional functioning significantly improved. Time spent in physical activity and weight did not change. This study demonstrates that a relatively brief, non-invasive Iyengar yoga intervention can result in improved malalignment of the lower extremities during ambulation, as well as in clinically meaningful improvements in emotional functioning. This study extends current evidence that supports a role for yoga in pediatric obesity.

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“…Other studies using children's data in communities have also found this conclusion [26,27]. Although no empirical evidence was provided, some studies conducted in western countries recommended that monitoring children's BMI is an effective approach to reduce the risk of obesity [28]. Only the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) found evidence that screening and behavioral interventions for obesity in children 6 years and older can contribute to the improvements in weight status, and the magnitude of this benefit is greater than with pharmacotherapy interventions [29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Influence of the Growth and Development Check (GDC) on Overweight/Obesity of Children under-5 Years in China: A Propensity Score Analysis

Duan

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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To improve health and reduce the rapidly increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity in children, the Chinese government has formulated childcare standards, with the Growth and Development Check (GDC) as the main content. However, few studies have evaluated the impact of the GDC on lowering the risk of childhood overweight and obesity. Using the 2014 China Family Dynamics Survey and propensity score matching (PSM), this article examined the impact of the GDC on overweight/obesity in children aged 5 years and younger. The results revealed that the mean Body Mass Index (BMI) was 17.80 kg/m2, and the prevalence of overweight/obesity was 24.62% in children. Children whose parents were aware of the GDC had a lower BMI and a lower risk of overweight/obesity than those whose parents were not aware of it. Children who engaged in the GDC in the last 12 months had a lower BMI and a lower chance of overweight/obesity than those not engaged.

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Physical Examination Findings Among Children and Adolescents With Obesity: An Evidence-Based Review

Cited by 20 publications

References 140 publications

Neck Circumference Percentiles of Iranian Children and Adolescents: The Weight Disorders Survey of CASPIAN IV Study

Neck Circumference Percentiles of Iranian Children and Adolescents: The Weight Disorders Survey of CASPIAN IV Study

A Pilot Study of Iyengar Yoga for Pediatric Obesity: Effects on Gait and Emotional Functioning

Influence of the Growth and Development Check (GDC) on Overweight/Obesity of Children under-5 Years in China: A Propensity Score Analysis

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