2022
DOI: 10.3390/radiation2040022
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Physical Differences between Man-Made and Cosmic Microwave Electromagnetic Radiation and Their Exposure Limits, and Radiofrequencies as Generators of Biotoxic Free Radicals

Abstract: The critical arguments for radiofrequency radiation exposure limits are currently based on the principle that radio frequencies (RF) and electromagnetic fields (EMFs) are non-ionising, and their exposure limits are even 100-fold lower than those emitted from the Sun in the whole RF-EMF spectrum. Nonetheless, this argument has been challenged by numerous experimental and theoretical studies on the diverse biological effects of RF-EMF at much lower power density (W/m2) levels than today’s exposing limits. On the… Show more

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Cited by 6 publications
(3 citation statements)
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“…Among the diseases that can be treated with electromagnetic waves, the following can be mentioned: chronic infections, bedsores, diabetic foot ulceration of the lower leg, scalds. (Gualdi et al, 2021;Georgiou et al, 2022).…”
Section: Positive Impact Of Electrical/electromagnetic Fields On Huma...mentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…Among the diseases that can be treated with electromagnetic waves, the following can be mentioned: chronic infections, bedsores, diabetic foot ulceration of the lower leg, scalds. (Gualdi et al, 2021;Georgiou et al, 2022).…”
Section: Positive Impact Of Electrical/electromagnetic Fields On Huma...mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Therefore, the presence of electromagnetic fields around us increases day by day and our body is exposed to these fields. Along with the increase in the applications of electromagnetic waves in modern technologies, the biological effects of these waves have become one of the hottest debates among people (Georgiou et al, 2022).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This is 8.05E+01/2.56E-;5 ≈ 2,820,000 times less energy than required to break the chemical bonds" "Given that adiabatic tunnelling breaks the electron-proton binding energy EPBE in the hydrogen atom and that RF-EMF photons can provide this energy in the 2G-5G range, it can be expected that microwave MW adiabatic tunnelling will provide the cumulative RF photons needed to split the antiparallel spin electron APSE pair holding the O-H bond in H2O of 1.88 eV (117.61 Kcal/mol), and generate the hydroxyl (•OH) and hydrogen (•H) free radicals. Photons at the 2G-5G spectral range could provide free radicals FR with biological and medical implications for man's health" [10].…”
Section: Cell Phonesmentioning
confidence: 99%