Physical-chemical study of IPETC and PAX collector's adsorption on covellite surface

Botero, Yesica L.; Canales-Mahuzier, Andrés; Serna-Guerrero, Rodrigo; López–Valdivieso, Alejandro; Benzaazoua, Mostafa; Cisternas, Luís A.

doi:10.1016/j.apsusc.2022.154232

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Additionally, bands around 2970, 2930, and 2870 cm –1 are attributed to the mixed absorption peaks of −CH 3 , −CH 2 , and −CH stretching vibrations. The band at 1517 cm –1 is assigned to the C–N stretching vibration, while the bands around 1091 and 959 cm –1 are due to the mixed stretching vibration of CS and C–S. ,,,, Furthermore, combined with DFT calculation, it is found that the absorption peaks at 620 and 572 cm –1 belong to the N–H out-of-plane bending vibration of the thionocarbamate group. These FTIR results are consistent with the structure of BETX.…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Minor tautomer (30%): δ = 19.46 (CH 3 ), 27.84 (CH), 42.22 (CH 2 –N), 68.51 (CH 2 ), 76.67 (CH 2 –isopropyl), 188.75 (C(S)–N), 229.85 (O–CS) ppm. FTIR (KBr, cm –1 ): 3320 (ν NH ), 2970, 2930, 2870 (ν CH ), 1517 (ν N–C(S)–S ), 1091 (ν CS ). ,, …”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Owing to the adaptable properties of the headgroup and the hydrophobic tail, in conjunction with the distinctive directional arrangement behavior, surfactants assume a pivotal role in a wide array of domains, including material synthesis, biomedicine, consumer products, and mineral separation. − Collectors are a significant type of surfactant that can selectively adsorb to the surface of target minerals, altering their hydrophobic properties and enabling flotation separation . The proper application of collectors is essential for enhancing the efficiency of mineral resource utilization. , Over the past century, substantial advancements has been witnessed in flotation industry through the adoption of ionic and nonionic collectors typified by xanthates and thionocarbamates, respectively. − Nonetheless, these collectors’ effectiveness in copper–sulfur separation or the collection of various copper-bearing minerals has progressively fallen short of the contemporary demands for copper recovery and the production of clean copper resources. ,,, …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Novel Bipolar Surfactant, BETX, for Selective Flotation of Chalcopyrite: Folding-Synergistic Mechanism Based on Intramolecular Weak Interactions

Lin,

Yang,

Wang

et al. 2024

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Surfactants with multiple polar groups have shown promising applications, while the molecular mechanism that distinguishes them from conventional surfactants remains unclear. Herein, a novel surfactant, BETX, which contains two polar groups was designed, and the effect of intramolecular interaction on its molecular mechanism was elucidated. MD simulations, DFT calculations, and UV spectroscopy revealed that the BETX molecules fold due to π−π stacking and various other weak interactions, which enhances the binding ability of BETX to Cu 2+ while reducing that to Fe 3+ . Interestingly, the synergism of ionic xanthate groups and nonionic thionocarbamate groups enables the thionocarbamate groups to react with Cu 2+ in aqueous solutions. This selective synergistic behavior endowed BETX with excellent selective flotation ability for chalcopyrite, with a dosage an order of magnitude lower than that of traditional collectors. ToF-SIMS, FTIR, and XPS demonstrated that BETX interacts with chalcopyrite through the xanthate group and the deprotonated thionocarbamate group. Each N and S atom in the molecule can form chemical bonds with copper sites. Comparative assessments of Cu 2+ binding between unfolded bipolar surfactants with rigid structures have confirmed the reinforcing effect of folding synergism in BETX molecules. The revelation of this intramolecular folding-synergistic mechanism holds profound significance, offering crucial insights into the operational mechanisms of multipolar surfactants and facilitating precise molecular design for future advancements.

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Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A Novel Bipolar Surfactant, BETX, for Selective Flotation of Chalcopyrite: Folding-Synergistic Mechanism Based on Intramolecular Weak Interactions

Lin,

Yang,

Wang

et al. 2024

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…Liu [14] also confi rmed that dithiophosphinate reagents possess a strong electron-donating and accepting ability which translates to a strong collecting power for galena and precious metals. The lowest grade of gold (36.99 ppm) was obtained when using PAX and SEX collectors, mainly because xanthate collectors are comparatively less selective than thio collectors [15]. When utilizing the two thiophosphate collectors; AERO 7249 and AERO 208, a reasonable gold grade of 40.95 ppm and 41.95 ppm was attained, respectively.…”

Section: Eff Ect Of Particle Sizementioning

confidence: 96%

Process Development for Gold Concentrate Recovery by Multi-stage Flotation using Optimized Conditions

WIN TUN,

GODIRILWE,

BATNASAN

et al. 2022

Int.J.Soc.Mater.Eng.Resour.

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A pre-treatment method for upgrading gold from a polymetallic gold-zinc-lead ore by flotation was studied. X-ray diff raction analysis of the gold sulfi de ore showed that quartz, calcite, pyrite, sphalerite, and galena are the main constituents of the ore. The composition of the polymetallic ore contained 6.49 ppm Au, 3.48% Zn, 1.25% Pb, 17.98% Fe, and 20.36% S. Due to the complexity of the polymetallic ore, the gold recovery is generally low. The objective of this study is to develop a primary fl otation process to recover gold in a bulk sulfi de concentrate. The eff ects of particle size, collector type, fl otation time, and the slurry pH on the recoveries and grades of gold, zinc, and lead were investigated. The developed fl otation process consisted of rougher, scavenger, and cleaner stages. High recovery of gold was found to be linked with a high recovery of Pb which was achieved by the utilization of a mixture of collector AERO 7249 and PAX. The gold fl otation kinetics were fast with more than 50% of gold recovered within 5 minutes of fl otation. Under optimized fl otation conditions with rougher, scavenger, and cleaner stages, a total gold recovery of 88.36 % and a fi nal gold grade of 60.97 ppm were obtained. A total gold enrichment ratio of 9.4 was achieved, confi rming the viability of the fl otation method in upgrading the gold from the polymetallic sulfi de ore prior to further processing.

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“…The results confirmed that EIBXAC could be chemisorbed on the covellite (001) and digenite (001) surfaces, showing the possibility of using EIBXAC to collect secondary copper sulfide minerals. Botero et al [116] studied the interaction mechanisms of potassium amyl xanthate (PAX) and O-isopropyl-N-ethyl thionocarbamate (IPETC) as collectors on a covellite surface. The DFT calculations predicted that PAX bonded to the surface Cu atoms via the C-S and C=S groups, whereas IPETC bonded to the surface Cu atoms only through the C=S group.…”

Section: Copper Sulfide Mineralsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Quantum Chemistry in the Study of Flotation Reagents

Tang,

Chen,

Chen

et al. 2023

Minerals

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Flotation reagents are significant for modifying the interfacial characteristics of mineral grains to achieve the effective separation of minerals. Since the 1960s, when quantum chemistry was first introduced into the study of flotation reagents, many achievements have been made, although some controversial topics remain. The application of quantum chemistry in the research of flotation reagents for the separation of various minerals in the past decade is herein comprehensively and systematically reviewed. The main directions and gaps of current research are pointed out, the theoretical basis for the design and development of novel flotation reagents is summarized, and more importantly, the potential for the targeting design and development of efficient, selective, and environmentally friendly flotation reagent molecules by means of quantum chemistry is explored.

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Physical-chemical study of IPETC and PAX collector's adsorption on covellite surface

Cited by 9 publications

References 55 publications

A Novel Bipolar Surfactant, BETX, for Selective Flotation of Chalcopyrite: Folding-Synergistic Mechanism Based on Intramolecular Weak Interactions

A Novel Bipolar Surfactant, BETX, for Selective Flotation of Chalcopyrite: Folding-Synergistic Mechanism Based on Intramolecular Weak Interactions

Process Development for Gold Concentrate Recovery by Multi-stage Flotation using Optimized Conditions

Application of Quantum Chemistry in the Study of Flotation Reagents

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