Physical-Chemical Properties and Estimated Environmental Fate of Brominated and Iodinated Organic Compounds

Cousins, Ian T.; Palm, Anna

doi:10.1007/978-3-540-37055-0_5

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 42 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…17 DEP was not expected to persist in the environment with a degradation half-life in soil of approximately 0.75 days at 20 °C, whereas only 10% of DEHP was removed from the same soil after 70 days incubation. 60 However, more recently, Cousins and Palm 47 have reported the soil half-life of DEHP and DiNP at 30 and 75 days, respectively.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence, Fate, Behavior and Ecotoxicological State of Phthalates in Different Environmental Matrices

Net

Sempéré

Delmont

et al. 2015

Environ. Sci. Technol.

923

357

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Because of their large and widespread application, phthalates or phthalic acid esters (PAEs) are ubiquitous in all the environmental compartements. They have been widely detected throughout the worldwide environment. Indoor air where people spend 65-90% of their time is also highly contaminated by various PAEs released from plastics, consumer products as well as ambient suspended particulate matter. Because of their widespread application, PAEs are the most common chemicals that humans are in contact with daily. Based on various exposure mechanisms, including the ingestion of food, drinking water, dust/soil, air inhalation and dermal exposure the daily intake of PAEs may reach values as high as 70 μg/kg/day. PAEs are involved in endocrine disrupting effects, namely, upon reproductive physiology in different species of fish and mammals. They also present a variety of additional toxic effects for many other species including terrestrial and aquatic fauna and flora. Therefore, their presence in the environment has attracted considerable attention due to their potential impacts on ecosystem functioning and on public health. This paper is a synthesis of the extensive literature data on behavior, transport, fate and ecotoxicological state of PAEs in environmental matrices: air, water, sediment, sludge, wastewater, soil, and biota. First, the origins and physicochemical properties of PAEs that control the behavior, transport and fate in the environment are reviewed. Second, the compilation of data on transport and fate, adverse environmental and human health effects, legislation, restrictions, and ecotoxicological state of the environment based on PAEs is presented.

show abstract

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence, Fate, Behavior and Ecotoxicological State of Phthalates in Different Environmental Matrices

Net

Sempéré

Delmont

et al. 2015

Environ. Sci. Technol.

923

357

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In addition, fluorine has the highest electronegativity of all elements, conversely, polarisability increases in the order F < Cl < Br < I; fluorine atoms exhibit very low polarisability because their electrons are tightly held, unlike iodine atoms which are easily polarised. Additionally, fluorine is the strongest known oxidising agent and iodine the least reactive halogen, though still reactive enough to form compounds with most element [159]. The strong C-F bond and higher electronegativity of fluorine could make organofluorines more persistent compared to structurally similar chloro, -bromo and iodinated compounds.…”

Section: Fluorinated Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Halogenated Compounds on the Anaerobic Digestion of Macroalgae

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The urgent need to replace fossil fuels has seen macroalgae advancing as a potential feedstock for anaerobic digestion. The natural methane productivity (dry weight per hectare) of seaweeds is greater than in many terrestrial plant systems. As part of their defence systems, seaweeds, unlike terrestrial plants, produce a range of halogenated secondary metabolites, especially chlorinated and brominated compounds. Some orders of brown seaweeds also accumulate iodine, up to 1.2% of their dry weight. Fluorine remains rather unusual within the chemical structure. Halogenated hydrocarbons have moderate to high toxicities. In addition, halogenated organic compounds constitute a large group of environmental chemicals due to their extensive use in industry and agriculture. In recent years, concerns over the environmental fate and release of these halogenated organic compounds have resulted in research into their biodegradation and the evidence emerging shows that many of these compounds are more easily degraded under strictly anaerobic conditions compared to aerobic biodegradation. Biosorption via seaweed has become an alternative to the existing technologies in removing these pollutants. Halogenated compounds are known inhibitors of methane production from ruminants and humanmade anaerobic digesters. The focus of this paper is reviewing the available information on the effects of halogenated organic compounds on anaerobic digestion.

show abstract

“…Prolonged exposure to these persistent compounds has been known to cause hepatological toxicity and hormonal imbalance (DePierre, 2003;Darnerud, 2003). The persistence of these brominated compounds causes severe environment problems, which has been implicated due to their halogenated and hydrophobic state (Singh and Fabian, 1999;Fetzner, 1998;Cousins and Palm, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Brominated organics have received far less attention, though they account for a large number of halogenated compounds being currently used. They are primarily used as flame retardants, pesticides, fumigants, industrial biocides, dyes and rubber additives and pharmaceuticals, and as intermediates in the polymer industry (Cousins and Palm, ). Prolonged exposure to these persistent compounds has been known to cause hepatological toxicity and hormonal imbalance (DePierre, ; Darnerud, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These compounds are recalcitrant and tend to bioaccumulate due to their low bioavailability, leading to reduced degradation and hence toxicity. This low level of bioavailability induced by the halogenated and hydrophobic nature of these substrates results in reduced degradation and utilization of these compounds as substrates by microorganisms (Cousins and Palm, ). For growth to occur, adhesion of the microbes to these hydrophobic substrates is a prerequisite.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Growth of a tropical marine yeast Yarrowia lipolytica NCIM 3589 on bromoalkanes: relevance of cell size and cell surface properties

Vatsal

Zinjarde

Kumar

2011

Yeast

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Yarrowia lipolytica 3589, a tropical marine yeast, grew aerobically on a broad range of bromoalkanes varying in carbon chain length and differing in degree and position of bromide group. Amongst the bromoalkanes studied, viz. 2-bromopropane (2-BP), 1-bromobutane (1-BB), 1,5-dibromopentane (1,5-DBP) and 1-bromodecane (1-BD), the best utilized was 1-BD, with a maximal growth rate (m max ) of 0.055 h À1and an affinity ratio (m max /K s ) of 0.022. Utilization of these bromoalkanes as growth substrates was associated with a concomitant release of bromide (8202.9 mM) and cell mass (36 Â 10 9 cells/ml), occurring maximally on 1-BD. Adherence of yeast cells to these hydrophobic bromoalkanes was observed microscopically, with an increase in cell size and surface hydrophobicity. The maximal cell diameter was for 1-BD (4.66 mm), resulting in an increase in the calculated cell surface area (68.19 mm 2 ) and sedimentation velocity (1.31 mm/s). Cell surface hydrophobicity values by microbial adhesion to solvents (MATS) analysis for yeasts grown on bromoalkanes and glucose were significantly high, i.e. >80%. Similarly, water contact angles also indicate that the cell surface of yeast cells grown in glucose possess a relatively more hydrophilic cell surface (θ = 49.1 ), whereas cells grown in 1-BD possess a more hydrophobic cell surface (θ = 90.7). No significant change in emulsification activity or surface tension was detected in the cell-free supernatant. Thus adherence to the bromoalkane droplets by an increase in cell size and surface hydrophobicity leading to debromination of the substrate might be the strategy employed in bromoalkane utilization and growth by Y. lipolytica 3589.

show abstract

Physical-Chemical Properties and Estimated Environmental Fate of Brominated and Iodinated Organic Compounds

Cited by 9 publications

References 42 publications

Occurrence, Fate, Behavior and Ecotoxicological State of Phthalates in Different Environmental Matrices

Occurrence, Fate, Behavior and Ecotoxicological State of Phthalates in Different Environmental Matrices

The Effects of Halogenated Compounds on the Anaerobic Digestion of Macroalgae

Growth of a tropical marine yeast Yarrowia lipolytica NCIM 3589 on bromoalkanes: relevance of cell size and cell surface properties

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About