Physical, chemical and microbiological analysis of bottled water in Pokhara, Nepal

Maskey, Manisha; Annavarapu, Laxminarasimha Sharma; Prasai, Tista; Bhatta, Dharma Raj

doi:10.3126/jcmc.v10i2.29664

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 7 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…As excessive TD protects pathogenic microorganisms from disinfectants, it poses a health risk to people who consume it (Tiwari & Singh, 2014). Our results were similar to those of bottled drinking water from Pokhara (Maskey et al, 2020) and from the Chimdi Lake in the Sunsari District of Nepal (Das, 2017). It has been found that the 51.5% of samples (Sudarshana et al, 2019), 36% of samples from groundwater (Koju et al, 2014), and bottled drinking water (Burlakoti et al, 2020) in Kathmandu, as well as spring drinking water of central development region of Nepal (Pandey & Shakya, 2011), have exceeded the WHO guidelines.…”

Section: Tdsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…All samples analyzed in this study were found to be within the NDWQS and WHO allowable limits. Other studies have shown that the EC values varied from 1.00 to 48 in bottled drinking water supplied to Pokhara (Maskey et al, 2020) and from 312.2 to 377.8 μS/cm in Chimdi Lake of Sunsari District, Nepal (Das, 2017). Furthermore, 2% of samples (Koju et al, 2014) and 16.5% of samples (Sudarshana et al, 2019) in Kathmandu Valley exceeded the NDWQS and WHO guidelines for EC.…”

Section: Ecmentioning

confidence: 89%

See 1 more Smart Citation

An analysis of drinking water quality parameters to achieve sustainable development goals in rural and urban areas of Besisahar, Lamjung, Nepal

Aryal

2022

World Water Policy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Nepal has a high annual rainfall, but it still faces numerous challenges in ensuring good water quality. A total of 20 water samples were collected from five springs, seven rivers, one borehole, and seven reservoir tanks. pH, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, turbidity, total hardness as CaCO3, and residual chlorine in the water samples were all found to be within the National Drinking Quality Standards (NDWQS) and World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations. The chemical oxygen demand (COD) was calculated in the range of 35.65–70.826 mg/L, where most of the water samples exceeded the WHO's threshold. The mean biological oxygen demand (BOD) value was 2.929 mg/L, which was below the WHO tolerance level. Moreover, the concentrations of zinc, copper, chromium, arsenic, cadmium, lead, chloride, fluoride, nitrate, nitrite, sulfate, and phosphate species studied here were lower than those of the NDWQS and WHO standards. It was found that most of the water samples crossed the threshold standard for Escherichia coli and total coliforms, respectively. The iron concentrations in BW8, PW9, and RVW10 were estimated at 0.321, 0.301, and 0.367 mg/L, manganese in BW8, RVW10, and PW9 at 0.191, 0.142, and 0.104 mg/L, and selenium in RVW10 and RVW14 at 0.041 mg/L, which exceeded the WHO permissible limit. In most samples, the contamination factor (CF) values of COD exceeded unity, and the pollution load index (PLI) was calculated at 1.3. In the CF analysis of Fe, Mn, and Se, it was found that some water samples were polluted and not suitable for drinking. Statistical analysis of water quality parameters revealed a significant correlation. Overall, the results suggest that governments and development agencies should enhance their involvement in water resources management to ensure sustainability.

show abstract

Section: Tdsupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Ecmentioning

confidence: 89%

An analysis of drinking water quality parameters to achieve sustainable development goals in rural and urban areas of Besisahar, Lamjung, Nepal

Aryal

2022

World Water Policy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A turbidity meter is a instrument used to measure the turbidity of water or a solution. Turbidity is expressed in the concentration of insoluble or the level of clarity of the liquid expressed in Nephelometric Turbidity Units (NTU) [37]. Turbidity measurement is based on comparing the intensity of light scattered by the sample under the specified conditions with the intensity of light scattered by the reference standard suspension under the same conditions.…”

Section: B C D Ementioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of mineral water quality based on SNI 3553:2015 and its consequences from legal perspectives

Lestari,

Al’Wahid,

Fuady

et al. 2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study aims to analyze the quality of mineral water based on physical, chemical, and microbial parameters and its legal consequences. The assessment standard used is SNI 3553:2015, and the test was conducted using five samples of mineral water produced and marketed in Bantaeng Regency, Indonesia. Physical testing parameters consist of odor, taste, turbidity, and Total Dissolved Solid (TDS). Chemical testing parameter consist of pH. While microbial parameter is Total Plate Count (TPC). At the same time, the statute approach is used to see the legal consequences. The results obtained indicate that all test parameters namely odor, taste, turbidity, TDS, pH and TPC meet the mineral water quality requirements according to SNI 3553:2015. Then, the regulation of mineral water standards is an obligation based on the Regulation of the Minister of Industry of the Republic of Indonesia. The legal consequences if the fulfillment of mineral water quality is not required can befall business actors, ranging from sanctions for revocation of business licenses to criminal sanctions. Therefore, mineral water as a basic modern human need must meet the quality requirements according to SNI 3553:2015 which is accompanied by severe legal consequences.

show abstract

“…The pH is considered as a secondary contamination of drinking water. Water with low pH is acidic, naturally soft and corrosive in nature, while drinking water with pH above 8.5 indicates the presence of high levels of alkalinity minerals having aesthetic effect (Maskey et al, 2020).According to WHO (2004) guidelines, pH has no direct impact on human health, but is considered as one of the most important operational water quality parameters. The pH of tested samples ranged from 5.83 to 7.5.…”

Section: Physico-chemical Analysis (Table 1; Figures 1and 2)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Bacteriological and Physico-Chemical Parameters of Drinking Water to Check the Efficacy of Water Purifier Systems

Gupta¹,

Aggarwal²,

Kumari³

et al. 2020

Vantage

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Availability of safe drinking water is a prerequisite for survival and safeguard against various water-borne diseases. The study was carried out with an aim to check the efficacy of water purifier systems by assessing the bacteriological and physico-chemical parameters (temperature, turbidity, pH, TDS, chloride, total hardness, dissolved oxygen, and free CO2) in industrial RO water samples from various outlets at Maitreyi College and household RO and filtered water samples from two residential areas (Satya Niketan and Geeta Colony) located in Delhi, India. The results obtained were compared with the standard values set by the World Health Organisation (WHO) for safe drinking water. Out of total 29 samples analyzed for various physico-chemical parameters, the values of most of the samples were found to be within permissible range. The values of some parameters for drinking water samples collected from filter and RO purifier installed at Geeta colony were above the maximum limit which can pose serious threats to health. The bacteriological examination was assessed by the Most Probable Number (MPN) test and the results of EMB agar plates showed that there is probability of presence of coliform bacteria in 3 samples. The results obtained signify that it is important to check the purity of drinking water at regular intervals irrespective of the fact that it is filtered. Also, it is imperative to ensure regular maintenance of purifier systems installed as they themselves might be the source of impurity.

show abstract

Physical, chemical and microbiological analysis of bottled water in Pokhara, Nepal

Cited by 5 publications

References 7 publications

An analysis of drinking water quality parameters to achieve sustainable development goals in rural and urban areas of Besisahar, Lamjung, Nepal

An analysis of drinking water quality parameters to achieve sustainable development goals in rural and urban areas of Besisahar, Lamjung, Nepal

Analysis of mineral water quality based on SNI 3553:2015 and its consequences from legal perspectives

Assessment of Bacteriological and Physico-Chemical Parameters of Drinking Water to Check the Efficacy of Water Purifier Systems

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About