Physical, Chemical and Mechanical Properties of Hibiscus sabdariffa Fiber/Polymer Composite

Grafting or deposition is a powerful tool to modify the cellulose/textile surfaces permanently with precisely controlled structure in nanometer to micrometre scale, which leads to multifunctional applications. The properties that can be imparted through functionalization include superhydrophobicity, superoleopholicity, shape memory effect, high conductivity, drug storage/delivery, flame retardant, heat storage/release, and UV protection. Through this functionalization new applications for textile can be achieved such as waterproof textiles, textile actuators, fire resistive textiles, UV-protective materials, Band-Aids, transdermal batches, medical textiles, supercapacitor electrodes, separator of oil-water mixture, wearable textile electronics, conductive textiles, self-protection cloths. This chapter summarises recent publications about modifying the cellulose surfaces with biopolymers along with nanoparticles and their composites used for superhydrophobicity, oil-water separation, conducting fabrics and drug delivery devices leading to smart bandages. The main objective is to clarify the true significance of functionalization for each application. Thus, another important purpose of this chapter is to establish general guidelines for functionalization and propose future direction for cheaper devices that can elevate the textile industries.

Section: Cellulosementioning

confidence: 99%

Eco-Friendly Cellulose–Polymer Nanocomposites: Synthesis, Properties and Applications

Karuppusamy

Panneerselvam

Kulandainathan

2015

“…Butyl-acrylate (BA)-gSaccaharum cilliare fibers were synthesized using a redox initiator via free radical polymerization [53]. Some other studies were reported on Grewia Optiva fiber and Hibiscus sabdariffa fiber-reinforced phenol-formaldehyde (PF) composites [32][33][34][35]42] and pine needle reinforced urea-formaldehyde composites [30,31].…”

Section: Natural Polymer-based Nanocompositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gold Nanoparticle-Reinforced Eco-friendly Polymer Nanocomposites and Their Applications

Sain

Ray

2015

Nanocomposites are the most important field of research nowadays. Metal nanoparticles have attracted continuous interest owing to their unusual properties and potential uses in electronics, optics, magnetics, catalysts, and sensors. Green synthesis (for noble metals, such as, gold, silver, platinum, palladium, etc.) and characterization of nanoparticles have emerged as a significant field of nanotechnology. As a well-known noble metal, gold is widely investigated due to its specific impact in the fields of biotechnology and bioscience. Gold nanoparticles (GNP) being the most stable metal nanoparticles have the advantages of (a) easy synthesis, (b) colloidal stability, and (c) ability to be easily conjugated with biological molecules. Gold nanoparticles also present fascinating aspects such as the behavior of the individual particles, size-related electronic, magnetic and optical properties (quantum size effect), and their applications to catalysis and biology. A large number of polymer molecules were selected to decorate the surface of gold nanoparticles in physical or chemical ways for different purposes. Gold nanoparticle-reinforced nanocomposites were prepared using different polymer matrices for different types of applications such as catalytic applications, optoelectronic and magneto-optic applications, biological, medicinal applications, etc.

“…Polymer nanocomposites not only demonstrate substantially improved chemical and mechanical properties at much lower loading of fillers, in contrast to the conventional micron-scale fillers of polymer composites, but also possess lower component weight and have simpler processing techniques [20,76,77,[138][139][140][141][142]. Different types of polymers, composites, and nanocomposites have been used in a number of applications [124][125][126][127][128][143][144][145]. Moreover, the multifunctional enhanced properties of polymers and nanocomposites may result in new uses for polymers [49,[146][147][148][149][150].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Graphene-Based Polymer Nanocomposites: Chemistry and Applications

Mogharabi

Faramarzi

2015

Graphene, a monolayer sp 2 hybridized carbon atom, received worldwide attention due to its extraordinary physical, chemical, thermal, and electrical properties. In recent years, the development of nanoscale dispersion techniques using graphene particles in a polymer matrix has been crowned a new and interesting horizon in material science. Graphene-based polymer nanocomposites reveal superior mechanical and thermal properties compared with the conventional graphite-based composites or neat polymers which are obtained through very low filler loadings in the polymer matrix. Graphene derivatives as unique nanofillers are used in the production of lightweight, low cost, and high-performance polymer nanocomposites with a wide range of applications, such as fuel cells, supercapacitors, solar cells, sensors, and lightweight gasoline tanks. This chapter reviews the preparation methods of graphene-based polymer nanocomposites, their characteristics, and their wide range of potential applications in technological fields.