Physical Characterization of Ten Hemp Varieties to Use as Animal Bedding Material

Arango, Sheyla; Greco, Rosa; Guzzo, Nadia; Raffrenato, E.; Montanari, Massimo; Bailoni, Lucia

doi:10.3390/ani13020284

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(45 reference statements)

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“…Hemp's woody core is highly absorbing, so it provides excellent bedding for animals, and in fact, such use has been around for well over a century. Hurds may collect five times their mass in moisture (generally a 50% increase over wood shavings), are dust-free, and compost quickly [83,111]. 6.1.6.…”

Section: Animal Beddingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Industrial Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) Agronomy and Utilization: A Review

et al. 2023

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Currently, there are increased interests in growing grain and fiber hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) as well as in large-scale hemp products. Cannabis has been grown/utilized for thousands of years as a fiber, grain, and drug/medicinal plant. However, the strict control of cannabis cultivation to combat illegal use, the spread of new yarns and oilseeds, and the advent of cheap synthetic fibers caused a decreased/eliminated hemp production. Hemp has been banned in most of the world for more than seven decades; it missed out on the Green Revolution and the adoption of new technologies and varieties, creating a knowledge gap. After the 2014 and 2018 Farm Bill in the USA, hemp became legal and the land grand universities launched research programs. The ability to utilize the entire plant for multiple purposes creates opportunity for the market to value hemp products. Hemp production technology varies depending on the type of hemp cultivated (grain, fiber, or cannabinoids), soil characteristics, and environmental factors. Hemp has the potential to be a very sustainable and ecologically benign crop. Hemp roots have a significant potential for absorbing and storing heavy metals such as lead, nickel, cadmium, and other harmful substances. In addition, hemp has been proven to be an excellent carbon trap and biofuel crop. Hemp has the ability to successfully suppress weeds, and it is generally regarded a pesticide-free crop. The purpose of this paper is to examine historic and recent industrial hemp (grain and fiber) literature, with a focus on hemp agronomy and utilization.

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Section: Animal Beddingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Industrial Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) Agronomy and Utilization: A Review

et al. 2023

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“…Laboratory animals spend more than 8 hours per day on animal bedding material [1,2]. Appropriate animal bedding materials must ensure comfort and ensure sanitary conditions are maintained.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Appropriate animal bedding materials must ensure comfort and ensure sanitary conditions are maintained. The animal bedding material must be efficient for water and ammonia absorption [1,3,4]. Animal bedding materials typically contain cellulose as a main component and cellulose typically contains hydrophilic groups which have been reported to assist with enhancing water absorption capacities [5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another commonly used material is rice straw due to its low cost, however, this material contains fewer hydrophilic groups, resulting in lower water absorption capacity [9,10]. Thus, there exists a 18th Siam Physics Congress Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2653 (2023) 012057 IOP Publishing doi:10.1088/1742-6596/2653/1/012057 2 demand to investigate new alternative materials which have high absorption efficiency and higher bacterial resistance property [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Irradiated animal bedding material derived from cattail leaves and rice straw with orthophosphoric acid activation for amplified ammonia absorption

Sawangsin,

Boonsakdee,

Yoshimoto

et al. 2023

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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This scientific study investigates the suitability of cattail leaves and rice straw as biomass materials for animal bedding. Cattail, an invasive plant species known for its ability to thrive in nutrient-rich environments, offers high cellulose content for absorption. In combination with rice straw, which is readily available and cost-effective, the aim is to achieve optimal carbon-to-nitrogen ratios that suppress the growth of microorganisms. To resist bacterial growth, the mixed cattail leaves and rice straw samples undergo treatment with orthophosphoric acid at concentration of 25%, 30%, and 35% v/v, followed by gamma irradiation at 25 kGy. A comprehensive evaluation of the materials, focusing on surface morphology, water absorption, ammonia absorption, and bacterial resistance was conducted. SEM images provide evidence of dramatic surface restructuring. Samples treated with 30% v/v orthophosphoric acid exhibit enhanced water absorption capacities, and can absorb water equivalent to 2.2 times their own weight. Also, samples containing a 1:1 ratio of cattail leaves and rice straw demonstrate superior ammonia absorptions as evidenced by gas chromatography (GC) measurements compared to other samples. After sample irradiation, less bacterial growth was observed by optical density measurements. These findings support the potential utilization of a 1:1 ratio of cattail leaves and rice straw, treated with orthophosphoric acid of 30% v/v and irradiated with gamma radiation, as an effective animal bedding material. This combination offers advantages in terms of waste absorption and microbial control, making it a promising option for use in animal husbandry and laboratory settings.

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In vivo comparative study of hemp straw exposure and cannabidiol oil administration in horse urine

Trevisiol,

Popot,

Garcia

et al. 2024

Drug Testing and Analysis

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The non‐psychoactive cannabinoids cannabidiol (CBD) and cannabidiolic acid (CBDA) are available on the market in different forms, mostly for their anti‐inflammatory and potential analgesic properties. These substances are prohibited during equine competitions. CBD and CBDA are naturally present in hemp straw, commonly used as a bedding substitute for wheat straw. Unfortunately, horses can eat it, which therefore could lead to a possible risk of positive findings for CBD/CBDA in biological samples after doping control tests. The goals of this study were, first, to provide recommendations on the use of hemp straw before competition and, second, to assess if discrimination between hemp bedding exposure and CBD oil administration is possible. Several CBD equine in vivo studies have been conducted, including one on hemp straw used as bedding and one after administration of CBD oil by topical and sublingual routes. In hemp straw, CBDA was detected in higher quantities than CBD, and other cannabinoids have been observed. After hemp straw exposure, CBDA was also detected in higher quantities than CBD in all urine samples. It appeared that hemp straw should not be used as bedding for equine competition except if a delay of at least 48 h is respected. Regarding the CBD oil product analysis, CBD was the main compound detected. After administration, 7‐hydroxy CBD was identified in the urine. In conclusion, based on these data, we highlighted that it could be possible to discriminate the exposure of a horse to hemp straw from an administration of a CBD oil product thanks to the main presence of CBDA.

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Physical Characterization of Ten Hemp Varieties to Use as Animal Bedding Material

Cited by 7 publications

References 24 publications

Industrial Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) Agronomy and Utilization: A Review

Industrial Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) Agronomy and Utilization: A Review

Irradiated animal bedding material derived from cattail leaves and rice straw with orthophosphoric acid activation for amplified ammonia absorption

In vivo comparative study of hemp straw exposure and cannabidiol oil administration in horse urine

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