Physical characteristics of sands amended with fly ash

Campbell, D. Joan; Fox, WE; Aitken, R. L.; Bell, L. C.

doi:10.1071/sr9830147

“…Raw FA amending gave positive effect on WHC of both soils under natural condition. Increase of soil WHC by raw FA amendment is also reported [31][32][33][34][35][36]. In contrast to natural condition, however, raw FA amendment decreased WHC of both soils by about 13% at 40°C.…”

Section: Comparison Of the Highest Whc Casesmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…If FA can be recycled as water holding agent after necessary treatment for environmental safety, it will contribute into anti-desertification and FA management at the same time. Many works on FA amending to soil have been conducted to investigate the effect on plant growth [15][16][17][18], soil pH [19][20][21], soil toxic elements [19,[22][23][24][25], soil salinity [20,[25][26], soil fertility [27][28][29][30], and water holding capacity (WHC) [31][32][33][34][35][36]. FA amendment increases soil WHC as well as inorganic or organic amendments with FA [37][38][39][40][41].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Raw and Treated Coal Fly Ash Amendment Aiming for Water Holding Capacity Adjustment of Natural Soils

Lin¹,

Takahashi²

2015

JRST

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ABSTRACT:The effects of raw and treated coal fly ash (FA) amending on water holding capacity (WHC) of natural soils were investigated. Apatite mineral was synthesized on FA particles or FA surface was modified by chitosan, sodium alginate, or guanidine hydrochloride. WHC was measured as cumulative water retention during 12-hour drying experiments at 40°C or under natural condition. Experimental results suggest that raw FA amendment at lower temperature is preferable to increase soil WHC. On the other hand, inorganic and organic treatments gave FA positive dependency on temperature. Such treatments are more effective to increase soil WHC at higher temperature. This research found no correlation between WHC and water repellency of FA.

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“…Moreover, it was found that increased fly ash content in the soil had positive effects on the water availability in sandy [27,28] and coarse-grained [29] soils.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hard Coal Fly Ash and Silica-Effect of Fine Particulate Matter Deposits on <i>Brassica chinensis</i>

Ulrichs¹,

Schmidt²,

Mucha-Pelzer³

et al. 2009

American Journal of Agricultural and Biological Sciences

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Problem statement: One focus in recent atmospheric pollution research is on fine Particle Matter (PM), especially as result of increasing traffic and anthropogenic activity in urban areas. Here, the impact on animal and human health has been in the center of many studies. Despite the fact that PM depositions can affect plants on the long term, there are only few studies about the impact on plants conducted. Approach: Therefore we studied the impact of PM on plants, using naturally occurring silica dusts (diatomaceous earth) and hard Coal Fly Ash (CFA) from burning processes. Dusts were applied onto Brassica chinensis L. using a simple duster (covering upper leaf surfaces) or electrostatically (covering leaf upper and -underside). Results: Main components of the tested CFA are SO 4 2-, K, Ca and NH 4+ . The pH value of eluates was found to be around 9.5 in CFA and 5.7 in silica. B. chinensis was insensitive towards the high pH and showed no growth reduction when grown in silica or CFA substrate. PM deposition on leaf surfaces results through shading in a reduced photosynthetic activity. The reduction is relatively higher at higher light intensities. Photosynthesis stays reduced after removal of silica PM from leaf surfaces. We assume that stomata get cloaked by small particles and that silica absorbs lipids from the epicuticle resulting in a general stress reaction. Smaller sized silica particles resulted in a higher reduction of CO 2 -absorption. Next to particle size is the photosynthesis negatively correlated with exposure time for silica PM. The chlorophyll fluorescence data indicate that dust-covered leaves exhibited significantly lower quantum yield of PS II and a reduced quantum efficiency of PS II and therefore supported the gas exchange data. Conclusion: Reduced photosynthetic performance would be expected to reduce growth and productivity of B. chinensis. In contrast to silica hard coal fly ash showed only a reduction of photosynthesis through shading but did not have any long time effects after washing them off.

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“…Moreover, it was found that increased fly ash content in the soil had positive effects on the water availability in sandy [27,28] and coarse-grained [29] soils. Two research groups [30,31] described CFA in general as rich in calcium and thus explaining the high pH value we observed (Table 2).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hard Coal Fly Ash and Silica-Effect of Fine Particulate Matter Deposits on Brassica chinensis

Ulrichs¹

2009

American J. of Agricultural and Biological Sciences

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Problem statement: One focus in recent atmospheric pollution research is on fine Particle Matter (PM), especially as result of increasing traffic and anthropogenic activity in urban areas. Here, the impact on animal and human health has been in the center of many studies. Despite the fact that PM depositions can affect plants on the long term, there are only few studies about the impact on plants conducted. Approach: Therefore we studied the impact of PM on plants, using naturally occurring silica dusts (diatomaceous earth) and hard Coal Fly Ash (CFA) from burning processes. Dusts were applied onto Brassica chinensis L. using a simple duster (covering upper leaf surfaces) or electrostatically (covering leaf upper and -underside). Results: Main components of the tested CFA are SO 4 2-, K, Ca and NH 4+ . The pH value of eluates was found to be around 9.5 in CFA and 5.7 in silica. B. chinensis was insensitive towards the high pH and showed no growth reduction when grown in silica or CFA substrate. PM deposition on leaf surfaces results through shading in a reduced photosynthetic activity. The reduction is relatively higher at higher light intensities. Photosynthesis stays reduced after removal of silica PM from leaf surfaces. We assume that stomata get cloaked by small particles and that silica absorbs lipids from the epicuticle resulting in a general stress reaction. Smaller sized silica particles resulted in a higher reduction of CO 2 -absorption. Next to particle size is the photosynthesis negatively correlated with exposure time for silica PM. The chlorophyll fluorescence data indicate that dust-covered leaves exhibited significantly lower quantum yield of PS II and a reduced quantum efficiency of PS II and therefore supported the gas exchange data. Conclusion: Reduced photosynthetic performance would be expected to reduce growth and productivity of B. chinensis. In contrast to silica hard coal fly ash showed only a reduction of photosynthesis through shading but did not have any long time effects after washing them off.

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Physical characteristics of sands amended with fly ash

Cited by 73 publications

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Raw and Treated Coal Fly Ash Amendment Aiming for Water Holding Capacity Adjustment of Natural Soils

Raw and Treated Coal Fly Ash Amendment Aiming for Water Holding Capacity Adjustment of Natural Soils

Hard Coal Fly Ash and Silica-Effect of Fine Particulate Matter Deposits on <i>Brassica chinensis</i>

Hard Coal Fly Ash and Silica-Effect of Fine Particulate Matter Deposits on Brassica chinensis

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