Physical and mechanical properties of raphia palm kernel at different moisture contents

Dauda, Solomon Musa; Ismail, Farrah Zuhaira; Balami, A.A.; Aliyu, Muhammad; Mohammed, Ibrahim; Ahmad, Desa

doi:10.26656/fr.2017.3(4).141

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The same phenomenon could also be observed where the values of θ increased with moisture contents. The same phenomenon was also reported by other researchers (Dauda et al, 2019;Inekwe, 2019;Jan et al, 2019;Larsson, 2019;Mohite et al, 2019;Etim et al, 2021;Kopeć-Jarosz & Wójcik, 2021;Wang et al, 2022;Zhang et al, 2022). As can be observed, all the linear regression lines of the grains showed positive increments but differed in steepness, indicating that θ of the tested grains increased with moisture content.…”

Section: Wall Friction Angle (θ)supporting

confidence: 88%

Effect of Moisture Content on Frictional Properties of Some Selected Grains in Indonesia

Bintoro¹,

Zahra²,

Khansa³

et al. 2023

JST

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The frictional property of grains is one of the most important engineering parameters in developing solid bulk handling of grains. It is necessary for designing agricultural facilities and production process activities. These properties are expressed as internal friction angle (φ) and wall friction angle (θ), which are known to be affected by the moisture content of the grains. This research investigates the effect of moisture content on the values of φ and θ of some selected grains. In the research, some indigenous Indonesian grain types, including rough rice, white rice, corn, soybean, and coffee, each in three varieties and three level of moisture contents, were used as the research samples. Those angles were measured using a self-constructed direct shear cell apparatus. Three different normal loads for each grain type were used with three replications. It is concluded that φ and θ of the tested grains increase with moisture contents with different trends of increments. The relationship of those angles with moisture contents can be expressed as linear regression equations. The slope of the regression lines for both φ and θ is significantly affected by grain type (p<0.05). For φ, coffee (Excelsa) is the most susceptible to the change in moisture content, while dent corn (Hibrida) is the least affected one. For θ, soybean (Galunggung) is the most susceptible to the change in moisture content, while rough rice (Mapan 5) is the least affected one.

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Section: Wall Friction Angle (θ)supporting

confidence: 88%

Effect of Moisture Content on Frictional Properties of Some Selected Grains in Indonesia

Bintoro¹,

Zahra²,

Khansa³

et al. 2023

JST

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“…Additionally, according to the Italian standard for briquettes/pellets (CTI-R04/5), durability greater or equal to 97.7% is adequate. Generally, researchers have classified the impact resistance index into high (> 0.8), medium (0.7 -0.8) and low (< 0.7) [60,61].…”

Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Evaluation of Raphia Palm (R. vinifera) Seeds Briquettes with Cassava Starch as Binder

Abdulganiyu¹,

Edeoja²,

Ibrahim³

et al. 2022

JENRR

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The evaluation of the potentials of Raphia palm seeds briquettes as fuel source was carried out to obtain optimum particle size, binder ratio and compaction pressure with cassava starch as binder for domestic heating applications. The seeds were collected, dried, hammer-milled and sieved into four different particle sizes (1.18, 1.70, 2.36 and 3.35 mm) and were densified. Four compaction pressures (2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0 MPa) and four binder ratios (15, 20, 25 and 30 %) were used. Proximate analysis of the briquettes was carried out in a bomb calorimeter and their effects on the combustion properties of the briquettes evaluated using the least significant difference (LSD) by employing two-way analysis of variance. The results revealed that the briquette with particle size 3.35 mm, binder ratio 20 % and compaction pressure 2.5 MPa gave the highest energy value of 12,785 kJ/kg, fixed carbon of 10.91 %, volatile matter of 64.30 %, ash content of 11.85 % and moisture content of 12.86 % which was the best quality briquette compared to the other samples. A predictive model for the heat value of the briquettes was developed and found to be adequate (p-value ≤ 0.0001) for use to predict the heat value of the briquettes produced. Optimization of the energy value of the briquettes was also carried to determine the optimum heat value and the probability that the result is achievable was 100 %. The optimization process gave the heat value of the briquettes to be 12,821.7 kJ/kg at the optimal condition value (24.12 % binder ratio, 1.18 % particle size and 3.00 MPa compaction pressure). The briquettes show good promise for use as fuel for household heating and small scale industrial applications.

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Effect of Moisture Contents and Compression Axes on Some Physical and Mechanical Properties of Dioclea Reflexa Seed

Olukayode

Alade

Oyelami

2023

JALSE

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Interest in unconventional seeds such as Dioclea reflexa is growing in the tropical regions, with the potential for utilisation as food or industrial materials. Researchers confirmed that Dioclea reflexa seed has the potential for clinical use, use as a food source, and as industrial raw material. This research studies the effect of moisture content on the physical properties of Dioclea reflexa seed and the effect of moisture content and compression axes its mechanical properties. Standards methods were used to determine the physical properties, while the mechanical properties were derived from force-deformation curves for the moisture content range 4.8 to 12.1% (wet basis). The mean values of the seed’s length increased by 3.55% (from 31.01 mm), the width increased by 4.13% (from 26.64 mm), and the thickness decreased by 2.48% (from 21.75 mm). The geometric mean diameter increased by 1.68%, surface area increased by 3.68%, sphericity decreased by 1.54% and individual seed mass increased by 10.46%. The physical properties exhibit linear relationships with moisture content. Rupture force increased by 75% (from 0.80 kN) for loading along the major axis; by 84% (from 0.72 kN) for the intermediate axis; and by 41% (from 0.78 kN) for the minor axis. Rupture energy increased from 0.18 J to 1.25 J for compression along the major axis, from 0.087 J to 0.43 J for the intermediate axis, and from 0.080 J to 0.18 J for the minor axis. The mechanical properties were found to be moisture content and loading orientation-dependent. Reducing moisture content reduced both the force and the energy required to rupture the seeds. The data generated will be useful in the design of processing machinery and storage facilities for the seeds.

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Physical and mechanical properties of raphia palm kernel at different moisture contents

Cited by 3 publications

References 6 publications

Effect of Moisture Content on Frictional Properties of Some Selected Grains in Indonesia

Effect of Moisture Content on Frictional Properties of Some Selected Grains in Indonesia

Performance Evaluation of Raphia Palm (R. vinifera) Seeds Briquettes with Cassava Starch as Binder

Effect of Moisture Contents and Compression Axes on Some Physical and Mechanical Properties of Dioclea Reflexa Seed

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