Physical and Mechanical Properties of 3D-Printed Provisional Crowns and Fixed Dental Prosthesis Resins Compared to CAD/CAM Milled and Conventional Provisional Resins: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Abstract

Newly introduced provisional crowns and fixed dental prostheses (FDP) materials should exhibit good physical and mechanical properties necessary to serve the purpose of their fabrication. The aim of this systematic literature review and meta-analysis is to evaluate the articles comparing the physical and mechanical properties of 3D-printed provisional crown and FDP resin materials with CAD/CAM (Computer-Aided Designing/Computer-Aided Manufacturing) milled and conventional provisional resins. Indexed English literature up to April 2022 was systematically searched for articles using the following electronic databases: MEDLINE-PubMed, Web of Science (core collection), Scopus, and the Cochrane library. This systematic review was structured based on the guidelines given by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). The focused PICO/PECO (Participant, Intervention/exposure, Comparison, Outcome) question was: ‘Do 3D-printed (P) provisional crowns and FDPs (I) have similar physical and mechanical properties (O) when compared to CAD/CAM milled and other conventionally fabricated ones (C)’. Out of eight hundred and ninety-six titles, which were recognized after a primary search, twenty-five articles were included in the qualitative analysis, and their quality analysis was performed using the modified CONSORT scale. Due to the heterogeneity of the studies, only twelve articles were included for quantitative analysis. Within the limitations of this study, it can be concluded that 3D-printed provisional crown and FDP resin materials have superior mechanical properties but inferior physical properties compared to CAD/CAM milled and other conventionally fabricated ones. Three-dimensionally printed provisional crowns and FDP materials can be used as an alternative to conventional and CAD/CAM milled long-term provisional materials.

Fracture Resistance Analysis of CAD/CAM Interim Fixed Prosthodontic Materials: PMMA, Graphene, Acetal Resin and Polysulfone

“…According to the scientific evidence that we have reviewed, the mechanical and physical properties of temporary restorations and fixed prosthetic materials are affected by the fabrication technique and the composition of the materials tested. In several studies, CAD/CAM provisional restorations show higher fracture strength values than restorations fabricated using the direct technique [ 5 , 47 , 51 , 52 ]. It is important to mention that with the digital workflow it is possible to obtain standardized material samples with identical thicknesses and sizes, which is considered important to evaluate the mechanical behavior of the materials studied.…”

“…Fracture resistance is an important parameter in determining the mechanical strength and stiffness of a material, mainly in the rehabilitation of edentulous sections, prolonged treatment time or in patients with parafunctional habits [ 5 , 6 , 7 ].…”

Fracture Load of 3D-Printed Interim Three-Unit Fixed Dental Prostheses: Impact of Printing Orientation and Post-Curing Time

“…The performance of IFDPs varies in the literature, owing primarily to printing parameters and polymer compositions [ 17 ]. Henderson found that 3D-printed bis-acrylic-based resin has low flexural strength when compared to conventional bis-acrylic-based resins [ 18 ].…”

Effect of Adhesion Conditions on the Shear Bond Strength of 3D Printing Resins after Thermocycling Used for Definitive Prosthesis

“…Notably, 3D printing technology can easily and accurately manufacture detailed and complex prostheses. This approach significantly reduces the time and labor required in clinical and laboratory procedures compared to conventional methods [ 1 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 ]. Given these advantages, 3D printing resin materials for long-term definitive prostheses have been developed [ 9 , 10 ], and research on 3D printing materials is underway [ 2 , 11 , 12 ].…”