Physical and emotional disturbances in children with adenotonsillar hypertrophy

Kurnatowski, Piotr; Putyński, Leszek; Łapienis, Magdalena; Kowalska, Barbara

doi:10.1017/s0022215107001235

Cited by 26 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(39 reference statements)

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“…Infection and hypertrophy are components of the immunological reaction of adenotonsillar tissues. However, these reactions can cause chronic diseases, such as adenotonsillar, hyperplasia, and recurrent tonsillitis, which often lead to complications, including nasal obstruction, snoring, auditory tube dysfunction, otitis media, and obstructive sleep apnea . Patients afflicted with these complications frequently decide to undergo tonsillectomy or adenotonsillectomy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

EBV infection is prevalent in the adenoid and palatine tonsils in adults

Seishima

Kondo

Wakisaka

et al. 2016

Journal of Medical Virology

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Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is associated with the pathogenesis of several diseases in both adults and children. However, there have been no reports on the prevalence and amount of EBV in the adenoids of adults; thus, it is important to investigate these in the adenoids and tonsils of adults and children. In this study, 67 patients who underwent tonsillectomy or adenotonsillectomy were included and divided into two groups: adults aged ≥ 16 years (n = 35) and children aged <16 years (n = 32). Patients' adenoid and tonsil tissues were analyzed using quantitative polymerase chain reaction for EBV DNA. EBV was detected in 26 (74%) adenoids and 25 (71%) tonsils among the adult group and was detected 21 (66%) adenoids and 20 (63%) tonsils in the child group. There was no significant difference in EBV DNA prevalence between the adenoids and tonsils for each group. However, there was a significant correlation between EBV DNA load in the adenoids and tonsils of the same individual in both groups (r = 0.579, P < 0.01, adult group; r = 0.919, P < 0.01, child group). In conclusion, EBV infection is prevalent in the adenoids and tonsils in adults and children. These results indicate that EBV continuously reside in the nasopharyngeal region after primal infection and may develop several diseases.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

EBV infection is prevalent in the adenoid and palatine tonsils in adults

Seishima

Kondo

Wakisaka

et al. 2016

Journal of Medical Virology

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“…Palatine tonsils and adenoids are prominent secondary lymphoepithelial organs associated with the upper respiratory tract, where inhaled antigens first come in contact with host defense cells [1]. Tonsillar hyperplasia and recurrent tonsillitis are common chronic diseases that often lead to complications that include nasal obstruction, recurrent sinusitis, snoring, auditory tube dysfunction, otitis media, obstructive sleep apnea and changes in facial growth and behavioral development [2]. These complications frequently lead to patients undergoing tonsillectomy, which still is one of the most commonly performed pediatric surgical procedures worldwide [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Rates of Detection of Respiratory Viruses in Tonsillar Tissues from Children with Chronic Adenotonsillar Disease

et al. 2012

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Chronic tonsillar diseases are an important health problem, leading to large numbers of surgical procedures worldwide. Little is known about pathogenesis of these diseases. In order to investigate the role of respiratory viruses in chronic adenotonsillar diseases, we developed a cross-sectional study to determine the rates of viral detections of common respiratory viruses detected by TaqMan real time PCR (qPCR) in nasopharyngeal secretions, tonsillar tissues and peripheral blood from 121 children with chronic tonsillar diseases, without symptoms of acute respiratory infections. At least one respiratory virus was detected in 97.5% of patients. The viral co-infection rate was 69.5%. The most frequently detected viruses were human adenovirus in 47.1%, human enterovirus in 40.5%, human rhinovirus in 38%, human bocavirus in 29.8%, human metapneumovirus in 17.4% and human respiratory syncytial virus in 15.7%. Results of qPCR varied widely between sample sites: human adenovirus, human bocavirus and human enterovirus were predominantly detected in tissues, while human rhinovirus was more frequently detected in secretions. Rates of virus detection were remarkably high in tonsil tissues: over 85% in adenoids and close to 70% in palatine tonsils. In addition, overall virus detection rates were higher in more hypertrophic than in smaller adenoids (p = 0.05), and in the particular case of human enteroviruses, they were detected more frequently (p = 0.05) in larger palatine tonsils than in smaller ones. While persistence/latency of DNA viruses in tonsillar tissues has been documented, such is not the case of RNA viruses. Respiratory viruses are highly prevalent in adenoids and palatine tonsils of patients with chronic tonsillar diseases, and persistence of these viruses in tonsils may stimulate chronic inflammation and play a role in the pathogenesis of these diseases.

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“…ATH resembles an iceberg, in which the invisible part is more drastic especially for children. Recent studies have confirmed the negative emotional effect of ATH which are emotional lability, and anxiety and depressive disturbances induced obstructive sleep disordered breathing in children [47].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%