Physical and electrochemical properties of cobalt doped (Ti,Ru)O2 electrode coatings

Hummelgård, Christine; Karlsson, Rasmus K. B.; Bäckström, Joakim; Rahman, Seikh Mohammad Habibur; Cornell, Ann; Eriksson, Sten; Olin, Håkan

doi:10.1016/j.mseb.2013.08.018

Cited by 20 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The compounds were chosen based on both the likelihood of their contamination of process electrolytes and to cover a wide range of different types of metals (e.g., coinage and noble metals) to capture any trends in the activity of metals from different parts of the periodic table. Salts of Co and Ir, and both salts and oxides of Ru, were studied, as they either are widely used in chlor-alkali and chlorate electrodes (Ru and Ir) or have been considered as potential electrode materials. , Furthermore, to broaden the study, salts and oxides of Fe, salts of Cr and Mo, and aluminum oxide were studied. Na 2 Cr 2 O 7 is a standard additive used in chlorate production because it prevents hypochlorite and chlorate reduction .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalyzed and Uncatalyzed Decomposition of Hypochlorite in Dilute Solutions

Sandin

Karlsson

Cornell

2015

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Hypochlorite decomposition has been investigated by the combined measurement of aqueous concentrations of total hypochlorite, chlorate, and chloride, as well as that of evolved oxygen. In all experiments, the initial concentrations of NaOCl and NaCl were 80 mM, and the temperature was 80 °C. The pH was kept constant in the range 5−10.5. The uncatalyzed decomposition of hypochlorite and the formation of chlorate and oxygen were all found to be third order of the form r i = k i [HOCl] 2 [OCl − ], and k O 2 was determined to be 0.046 M −2 s −1 . A reaction mechanism in which oxygen and chlorate formation share an intermediate is proposed. Several compounds were tested for catalytic effects. The addition of chloride salts of cobalt and iridium showed catalytic effects on oxygen formation. The addition of iridium chloride also catalyzed the formation of chlorate with increasing selectivity for chlorate with increasing pH.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalyzed and Uncatalyzed Decomposition of Hypochlorite in Dilute Solutions

Sandin

Karlsson

Cornell

2015

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…The electrode was polarized at the given current density for 15 s, and the current was subsequently interrupted. The decay in potential was measured for 500 μs at a temporal resolution of Δ t = 1 μs using a National Instrument NI-cdaq-9172 device . The IR-corrected potential was determined by fitting a third-order polynomial to the experimental data.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The decay in potential was measured for 500 μs at a temporal resolution of Δt = 1 μs using a National Instrument NI-cdaq-9172 device. 45 The IR-corrected potential was determined by fitting a thirdorder polynomial to the experimental data. The measurements were performed at 10 current densities/decade, starting from the highest value (j = −100 mA cm −2 ) and gradually decreasing it.…”

Section: ■ Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective Hydrogen Evolution on Manganese Oxide Coated Electrodes: New Cathodes for Sodium Chlorate Production

Endrődi

Stojanović

Cuartero

et al. 2019

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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The safety and feasibility of industrial electrochemical production of sodium chlorate, an important chemical in the pulp and paper industry, depend on the selectivity of the electrode processes. The cathodic reduction of anodic products is sufficiently suppressed in the current technology by the addition of chromium(VI) to the electrolyte, but due to the high toxicity of these compounds, alternative pathways are required to maintain high process efficiency. In this paper, we evaluate the electrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction kinetics and selectivity on thermally formed manganese oxide-coated titanium electrodes in hypochlorite and chlorate solutions. The morphology and phase composition of manganese oxide layers were varied via alteration of the annealing temperature during synthesis, as confirmed by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, synchrotron radiation X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy measurements. As shown in mass spectroscopy coupled electrochemical measurements, the hydrogen evolution selectivity in hypochlorite and chlorate solutions is dictated by the phase composition of the coating. Importantly, a hydrogen evolution efficiency of above 95% was achieved with electrodes of optimized composition (annealing temperature, thickness) in hypochlorite solutions. Further, these electrode coatings are nontoxic and Earth-abundant, offering the possibility of a more sustainable chlorate production.

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“…Therefore, a considerable amount of dopant could expect to be entered into the Fe 2 O 3 crystal lattice [24]. This would be a reason for the non-formation of cobalt/cobalt oxide [25] or its concentration might not be beyond the detection limit by the XRD measurement. The average crystallite size (D) that was estimated by using Debye-Scherrer's equation (Equation (1)) [26] and it was found to be changed in AFC sample.…”

Section: Structural Propertymentioning

confidence: 99%

Cobalt Incorporated Pyramidal Shaped α-Fe2O3 Nanoparticles from Poly-vinyl Alcohol Based Precursor

Naskar¹,

Bera²,

Mallik³

et al. 2016

ANP

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Precursor foam based Co incorporated α-Fe 2 O 3 (AFC) was successfully synthesized at 600˚C calcination temperature by simple solution method using PVA. The formation of α-Fe 2 O 3 nanoparticles was confirmed by X-ray diffraction measurement and reduction in crystallite size was found after cobalt incorporation. Field emission scanning electron microscopy revealed the existence of pyramidal shaped iron oxide in AFC. FTIR and Raman spectra also confirmed the presence of α-Fe 2 O 3. Photocatalytic activity study showed that the cobalt incorporated α-Fe 2 O 3 was better photocatalyst than pure α-Fe 2 O 3. The cobalt incorporated iron oxide nanoparticles could be used for drug delivery application and this simple preparation method could be adopted for the synthesis of other transition metal oxides.

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Physical and electrochemical properties of cobalt doped (Ti,Ru)O2 electrode coatings

Cited by 20 publications

References 31 publications

Catalyzed and Uncatalyzed Decomposition of Hypochlorite in Dilute Solutions

Catalyzed and Uncatalyzed Decomposition of Hypochlorite in Dilute Solutions

Selective Hydrogen Evolution on Manganese Oxide Coated Electrodes: New Cathodes for Sodium Chlorate Production

Cobalt Incorporated Pyramidal Shaped <i>α</i>-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Nanoparticles from Poly-vinyl Alcohol Based Precursor

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Physical and electrochemical properties of cobalt doped (Ti,Ru)O2 electrode coatings

Cited by 20 publications

References 31 publications

Catalyzed and Uncatalyzed Decomposition of Hypochlorite in Dilute Solutions

Catalyzed and Uncatalyzed Decomposition of Hypochlorite in Dilute Solutions

Selective Hydrogen Evolution on Manganese Oxide Coated Electrodes: New Cathodes for Sodium Chlorate Production

Cobalt Incorporated Pyramidal Shaped &lt;i&gt;α&lt;/i&gt;-Fe&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; Nanoparticles from Poly-vinyl Alcohol Based Precursor

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Cobalt Incorporated Pyramidal Shaped <i>α</i>-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Nanoparticles from Poly-vinyl Alcohol Based Precursor