Physical activity may be a potent regulator of bone turnover biomarkers in healthy girls during preadolescence

Kambas, Antonis; Leontsini, Diamanda; Avloniti, Alexandra; Chatzinikolaou, Athanasios; Stampoulis, Theodoros; Makris, Konstantinos; Draganidis, Dimitrios; Jamurtas, Athanasios Z.; Tournis, Symeon; Fatouros, Ioannis G.

doi:10.1007/s00774-016-0794-3

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Bone turnover markers have been used in several studies to assess the short-term effect of exercise on bone metabolism. Studies have focused on prepubescent girls [ 99 , 100 ], pre-menopausal [ 101 , 102 , 103 , 104 , 105 ], and post-menopausal women [ 106 , 107 , 108 , 109 ], and have looked at the short- and long-term biomarker response to exercise. Of particular interest to monitoring the biological response to mechanical loading is sclerostin, the protein product of the SOST gene in osteocytes.…”

Section: Emerging Areas Of Research About Exercise and Women’s Bonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise Early and Often: Effects of Physical Activity and Exercise on Women’s Bone Health

Troy

Mancuso

Butler

et al. 2018

IJERPH

136

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In 2011 over 1.7 million people were hospitalized because of a fragility fracture, and direct costs associated with osteoporosis treatment exceeded 70 billion dollars in the United States. Failure to reach and maintain optimal peak bone mass during adulthood is a critical factor in determining fragility fracture risk later in life. Physical activity is a widely accessible, low cost, and highly modifiable contributor to bone health. Exercise is especially effective during adolescence, a time period when nearly 50% of peak adult bone mass is gained. Here, we review the evidence linking exercise and physical activity to bone health in women. Bone structure and quality will be discussed, especially in the context of clinical diagnosis of osteoporosis. We review the mechanisms governing bone metabolism in the context of physical activity and exercise. Questions such as, when during life is exercise most effective, and what specific types of exercises improve bone health, are addressed. Finally, we discuss some emerging areas of research on this topic, and summarize areas of need and opportunity.

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Section: Emerging Areas Of Research About Exercise and Women’s Bonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise Early and Often: Effects of Physical Activity and Exercise on Women’s Bone Health

Troy

Mancuso

Butler

et al. 2018

IJERPH

136

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…(17) The bone resorption findings of the present study are in line with a previous longitudinal study in peripubertal girls that did not find significant differences in bone resorption between gymnasts, runners, and controls after 1 year. (28) Also, it has been previously shown that bone remodeling might be increased because of participation in high-intensity weight-bearing activities during puberty, (56,57) which might explain the increased bone remodeling in footballers.…”

Section: Longitudinal Bmc Acquisition Between Groupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal Adaptations of Bone Mass, Geometry, and Metabolism in Adolescent Male Athletes: The PRO-BONE Study

Vlachopoulos

Barker

Ubago‐Guisado

et al. 2017

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research

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Adolescence is a crucial period for bone development, and exercise can enhance bone acquisition during this period of life. However, it is not known how the different loading sports practiced can affect bone acquisition in adolescent male athletes. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to determine the 1-year longitudinal bone acquisition among adolescent males involved in osteogenic (football) and non-osteogenic (swimming and cycling) sports and to compare with active controls. A total of 116 adolescent males aged 12 to 14 years at baseline were followed for 1 year: 37 swimmers, 37 footballers, 28 cyclists, and 14 active controls. Bone mineral content (BMC) was assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA); cross-sectional area (CSA), cross-sectional moment of inertia (CSMI), and section modulus (Z) at the femoral neck was assessed using hip structural analysis (HSA); and bone texture of the lumbar spine was assessed using trabecular bone score (TBS). Serum N-terminal propeptide of procollagen type I (PINP), isomer of the Carboxi-terminal telopeptide of type 1 collagen (CTX-I), total serum calcium, and 25 hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] were analyzed. Footballers had significantly higher adjusted BMC at the lumbar spine (7.0%) and femoral neck (5.0%) compared with cyclists, and significantly greater BMC at the lumbar spine (6.9%) compared with swimmers. Footballers presented significantly greater TBS (4.3%) compared with swimmers, and greater CSMI (10.2%), CSA (7.1%), Z (8.9%) and TBS (4.2%) compared with cyclists. No differences were noted between cyclists and swimmers, both groups had similar bone acquisition compared with controls. PINP was significantly higher in footballers and controls compared with cyclists and swimmers (3.3% to 6.0%), and 25(OH)D was significantly higher in footballers and cyclists compared with swimmers and controls (9.9% to 13.1%). These findings suggest that bone acquisition is higher in adolescent male footballers compared with swimmers and cyclists at the femoral neck and lumbar spine sites of the skeleton. © 2017 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

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“…Childhood and adolescence represent periods when girls and boys can achieve optimal bone mass for the prevention of osteopenia and osteoporosis during adulthood. Optimization of bone mass is determined by genetic factors but also by modifiable environmental factors, such as physical activity and diet [ 32 ]. Although bone mineral density is considered an important, precise, and valid measurement, BMD does not reflect the dynamic changes the bone has undergone.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Assessment of Bone Regulatory Pathways, Bone Turnover, and Bone Mineral Density in Vegetarian and Omnivorous Children

Ambroszkiewicz¹,

Chełchowska²,

Szamotulska³

et al. 2018

Nutrients

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Vegetarian diets contain many beneficial properties as well as carry a risk of inadequate intakes of several nutrients important to bone health. The aim of the study was to evaluate serum levels of bone metabolism markers and to analyze the relationships between biochemical bone markers and anthropometric parameters in children on vegetarian and omnivorous diets. The study included 70 prepubertal children on a lacto-ovo-vegetarian diet and 60 omnivorous children. Body composition, bone mineral content (BMC), and bone mineral density (BMD) were assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Biochemical markers—bone alkaline phosphatase (BALP), C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX-I), osteoprotegerin (OPG), nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL), sclerostin, and Dickkopf-related protein 1 (Dkk-1)—were measured using immunoenzymatic assays. In vegetarians, we observed a significantly higher level of BALP (p = 0.002) and CTX-I (p = 0.027), and slightly lower spine BMC (p = 0.067) and BMD (p = 0.060) than in omnivores. Concentrations of OPG, RANKL, sclerostin, and Dkk-1 were comparable in both groups of children. We found that CTX-I was positively correlated with BMC, total BMD, and lumbar spine BMD in vegetarians, but not in omnivores. A well-planned vegetarian diet with proper dairy and egg intake does not lead to significantly lower bone mass; however, children following a lacto-ovo-vegetarian diet had a higher rate of bone turnover and subtle changes in bone regulatory markers. CTX-I might be an important marker for the protection of vegetarians from bone abnormalities.

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Physical activity may be a potent regulator of bone turnover biomarkers in healthy girls during preadolescence

Cited by 12 publications

References 49 publications

Exercise Early and Often: Effects of Physical Activity and Exercise on Women’s Bone Health

Exercise Early and Often: Effects of Physical Activity and Exercise on Women’s Bone Health

Longitudinal Adaptations of Bone Mass, Geometry, and Metabolism in Adolescent Male Athletes: The PRO-BONE Study

The Assessment of Bone Regulatory Pathways, Bone Turnover, and Bone Mineral Density in Vegetarian and Omnivorous Children

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