Physical Activity Intensity and Cardiometabolic Risk in Youth

Abstract

To determine the association between physical activity (PA) intensities and cardiometabolic risk factors in youth.

Systematic review of the relationships between objectively measured physical activity and health indicators in school-aged children and youth

“…Mark and Janssen (2008) found a favourable dose-response gradient Diastolic BP: associations were favourable (6/8 studies; Andersen et al 2006;Ekelund et al 2006;Mark and Janssen 2008;Owen et al 2010;Chaput et al 2013;Knowles et al 2013), null (1/8 studies; Leary et al 2008), or mixed (favourable and null; 1/8 studies; Hurtig-Wennlof et al 2007). Mark and Janssen (2008) found an inverse dose-response gradient Mean arterial BP: null association (1/1 studies; Hjorth et al 2014a) VPA: High-normal systolic BP %: was greatest in the lowest tertile of VPA (1/1 studies; Hay et al 2012) BP z score: no association (1/1 studies; Stabelini Neto et al 2014) …”

“…m The quality of the evidence from longitudinal studies was downgraded from "low" to "very low" because of serious risk of bias in 3 studies that diminished the level of confidence in the observed effects. n Includes 47 cross-sectional studies (Brage et al 2004a(Brage et al , 2004bGutin et al 2005b;Wennlof et al 2005;Andersen et al 2006;Ekelund et al 2006Ekelund et al , 2009Hurtig-Wennlof et al 2007;Quiros-Tejeira et al 2007;Rizzo et al 2007Rizzo et al , 2008Butte et al 2007b;Ruiz et al 2007;Leary et al 2008;Mark and Janssen 2008;Sardinha et al 2008;Sakuragi et al 2009;Schofield et al 2009;LeBlanc and Janssen 2010;Nguyen et al 2010;Owen et al 2010;Carson and Janssen 2011;Holman et al 2011;Moreira et al 2011;Colley et al 2012;Hay et al 2012;Hearst et al 2012;Henderson et al 2012;Jimenez-Pavon et al 2012, 2013b, 2013cMartinez-Gomez et al 2012;Mota et al 2012;Mendoza et al 2012;Barreira et al 2013;Carson et al 2013;Chaput et al 2013;Janssen et al 2013;Lamotte et al 2013;Knowles et al 2013;…”

“…No information provided regarding criteria for valid exposure measurement; possible detection bias (Quiros-Tejeira et al 2007). Possible selective reporting bias (systolic BP reported in absence of diastolic BP); not possible to discern which potentially important confounders were included in the analyses (Hay et al 2012). Possible detection bias; participants were excluded from the study if they did not wear the pedometer for >4 h in total over the full 4 days of data collection (Schofield et al 2009).…”

“…None Aerobic fitness: VERY LOW i 1 study reported no effect of PA intervention on aerobic fitness (Rowland et al 1996); 1 study reported a favourable effect of PA intervention for INT compared with CTRL (Dimitriou et al 2011); and 1 study reported no differential effect of PA intervention on aerobic fitness between INT and CTRL, however, the intervention group decreased from baseline to post-test (Shore et al 2014) Muscular strength and endurance: 1 study reported a favourable effect of PA intervention on upper-body strength for INT compared with CTRL (Dimitriou et al 2011); and 1 study reported no differential effect of PA intervention on muscular fitness; however, the control group improved upper body strength from baseline to post-test (Shore et al 2014) Flexibility: 1 study reported a favourable differential effect of PA intervention for INT compared with CTRL (Dimitriou et al 2011) 1 study reported no differential effect of a PA intervention on flexibility, and an increase from baseline to post-test for the intervention group (Shore et al 2014 Butte et al 2007b;Hands et al 2009;Schofield et al 2009;Ruiz et al 2011;Machado-Rodrigues et al 2012;Martinez-Gomez et al 2012;Hjorth et al 2013;Lambourne et al 2013;Hansen et al 2014;Larouche et al 2014;Saavedra et al 2014) or mixed (favourable and null; 4/18 studies; Rizzo et al 2007;Dencker et al 2010;Kristensen et al 2010;Jimenez-Pavon et al 2013c) o VPA: associations were favourable (11/12 studies; Gutin et al 2005a;Ruiz et al 2006;Butte et al 2007b;Rizzo et al 2007;Lohman et al 2008;Martinez-Gomez et al 2010aKristensen et al 2010;Ottevaere et al 2011;Hay et al 2012;…”

“…Poitras et al n Includes 28 cross-sectional studies (Eiberg et al 2005;Gutin et al 2005a;Andersen et al 2006;Ruiz et al 2006Ruiz et al , 2011Butte et al 2007b;Rizzo et al 2007;Lohman et al 2008;Ortega et al 2008;Hands et al 2009;Schofield et al 2009;Dencker et al 2010;Kristensen et al 2010;Martinez-Gomez et al 2010a;Moliner-Urdiales et al 2010;Ottevaere et al 2011;Hay et al 2012;Machado-Rodrigues et al 2012;Hjorth et al 2013;Jimenez-Pavon et al 2013c;Lambourne et al 2013;Silva et al 2013;Larouche et al 2014;Hansen et al 2014;Santos et al 2014;Saavedra et al 2014;Aggio et al 2015) from 17 unique samples. Five studies reported data from the EYHS (Andersen et al 2006, Ruiz et al 2006Ortega et al 2008;Rizzo et al 2008;Kristensen et al 2010); 6 studies reported data from HELENA (Martinez-Gomez et al 2010a;Moliner-Urdiales et al 2010;Ottevaere et al 2011;Ruiz et al 2011;Martinez-Gomez et al 2012;Jimenez-Pavon et al 2013c); 2 studies reported data from the CoSCIS study (Eiberg et al 2005;Dencker et al 2010).…”