Physical activity, genetic, and nutritional considerations in childhood weight management

Bar‐Or, Oded; Foreyt, John P.; Bouchard, Claude; Brownell, Kelly D.; Dietz, William H.; Ravussin, Éric; Salbe, Arline D.; Schwenger, S.; Jeor, Sachico St.; Torún, Benjamín

doi:10.1097/00005768-199801000-00002

Cited by 176 publications

(110 citation statements)

References 32 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Moderate dietary restriction is commonly prescribed in this cohort despite being associated with a reduction in spontaneous physical activity, and a loss of fat-free mass, potentially compromising maximal aerobic capacity; all of which may limit social interaction, as well as growth and cognitive development. 76 Low levels of physical activity and greater amounts of sedentary pursuits, in particular television viewing (43 h/ days), during childhood and/or adolescence is predictive of greater future adiposity and or overweight. [77][78][79][80][81][82][83][84] Thus, the rationale for prescribing exercise as an adjunct to dietary restriction is compelling given its potential to reduce overweight-related comorbidity and the hazard associated with dietary restriction alone.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of exercise for treating overweight in children and adolescents: a systematic review

2006

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Overweight prevalence among children/adolescents is increasing, while adult obesity may potentially cause a decline in life expectancy. More exercise is uniformly recommended, although treatment efficacy remains unclear. Objective: To determine the efficacy of exercise alone for treating overweight in children/adolescents. Design: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials published in English were completed following multiple database searches performed on December 10, 2004. Studies of isolated or adjunctive exercise/physical activity treatment in overweight/obese children or adolescents which reported any overweight outcome were included. Literature searches identified 645 papers which were manually searched, of which 45 were considered for inclusion, of which 13 papers which reported 14 studies were included (N ¼ 481 overweight boys and girls, aged B12 years). Two reviewers independently identified relevant papers for potential inclusion and assessed methodological quality. Principal measures of effects included the mean difference (MD) (between treatment and control groups), the weighted MD (WMD), and the standardized MD (SMD). Results: Few studies were of robust design. The pooled SMD was À0.4 (À0.7, À0.1, P ¼ 0.006) for percent body fat, and À0.2 (À0.6, 0.1, P ¼ 0.07) for central obesity outcomes, whereas the pooled WMD was À2.7 kg (À6.1 kg, 0.8 kg, P ¼ 0.07) for body weight, all of which favored exercise. Pooled effects on body weight were significant and larger for studies of higher doses, whereas nonsignificant and smaller effects were seen for studies of lower doses of exercise (155-180 min/weeks vs 120-150 min/ weeks). Conclusions: Based on the small number of short-term randomized trials currently available, an aerobic exercise prescription of 155-180 min/weeks at moderate-to-high intensity is effective for reducing body fat in overweight children/adolescents, but effects on body weight and central obesity are inconclusive. Recommendations for future study designs are discussed.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of exercise for treating overweight in children and adolescents: a systematic review

2006

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Low physical activity has been directly related to a higher prevalence of obesity 17 . In the last decades, the urbanisation process in western societies has been associated with lower energy output at work, in household tasks and increased use of public transportation, cars and lifts, among other factors 18 .…”

Section: The Prevalence Of Obesity In Spainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevention of overweight and obesity: a Spanish approach

Aranceta-Bartrina

Rodrigo

Serra-Majem

et al. 2007

Public Health Nutr.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Obesity is considered a major public health issue in most developed countries nowadays. This paper provides an overview of current population data available in Spain and the approach to develop preventive strategies in the country. Methods: Review of population data available is based on individually measured weight and height as well as determinants. On this basis, the approach used in the country to develop preventive strategies is discussed. Results: According to the DORICA study, the prevalence of obesity (BMI $ 30 kg m 22 ) is 15.5% in Spanish adults aged 25-60 years (13.2% in men and 17.5% in women). Obesity rates are higher among women aged 45 years and older, low social class, living in semi-urban places. Population estimates for the prevalence of obesity in Spanish children and young people based on the enKid study are 13.9% for the whole group. In this study, overweight and obesity is related to absence of breastfeeding, low consumption of fruit and vegetables, high consumption of cakes, buns, softdrinks and butchery products, low physical activity levels and a positive association with time spent watching TV.In 2005, the Spanish Ministry of Health jointly with the Spanish Agency for Food Safety and Nutrition launched the multifaceted NAOS strategy for nutrition, physical activity and the prevention of obesity. The important role of the family and the school setting as well as the responsibility of the Health Administration and Pediatric Care in the prevention of obesity is highlighted in the document. The need for environmental actions is recognised. The PERSEO programme, a multicomponent school-based intervention project is part of the strategy currently in place. Conclusion: Obesity is a public health issue in Spain. A national multifaceted strategy was launched to counteract the problem. Environmental and policy actions are a priority. Young children and their families are among the main target groups.

show abstract

“…29 Table 3 lists the possible complications of obesity. 22,24,[30][31][32][33] The scale of weight loss to be recommended and the timescale over which it should be lost can vary depending on the degree of obesity and the nature and severity of complications. Children suffering complications that potentially involve a risk of death are candidates for more rapid weight loss.…”

Section: Complications Of Childhood Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesidade infantil: como podemos ser eficazes?

Mello¹,

Luft²,

Meyer³

2004

J. Pediatr. (Rio J.)

123

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: To review therapeutic approaches to childhood obesity and also its diagnosis and prevention.Sources of data: Searches were performed of scientific papers held on the MEDLINE, Ovid, Highwire and Scielo databases. Keywords utilized were: childhood obesity and a variety of combinations of this term with treatment , prevention and consequence . The search returned papers including review articles, observational studies, clinical trials and consensus statements. Bibliographical references in these articles were also investigated if it was perceived that they were relevant. Data was collected from 1998 to 2003.Summary of the findings: While a number of different Brazilian prevalence studies were found, few gave details of the results of educational programs in our country.Conclusions: Childhood obesity must be prevented through prescriptive diets from birth throughout childhood. Educational programs that might be applicable to primary health care or schools should receive further study. There is consensus that childhood obesity is increasing at a significant rate and that it is responsible for a number of different complications both during childhood and adulthood. During childhood, obesity management can be even more difficult than with adults because it is dependent on both changing habits and availability of parents and is further complicated by the child s lack of understanding of the damage caused by obesity.

show abstract

Physical activity, genetic, and nutritional considerations in childhood weight management

Cited by 176 publications

References 32 publications

Efficacy of exercise for treating overweight in children and adolescents: a systematic review

Efficacy of exercise for treating overweight in children and adolescents: a systematic review

Prevention of overweight and obesity: a Spanish approach

Obesidade infantil: como podemos ser eficazes?

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About