Physical Activity Engagement Worsens Health Outcomes and Limits Exercise Capacity in Growth-restricted Mice

Ferguson, David P.; Leszczynski, Eric C.; McPeek, Ashley C.; Pendergrast, Logan A.; Visker, Joseph R.; Triplett, Ashley

doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000002620

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 45 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Furthermore, Monica Hubal's research team demonstrated that variability can exists in the magnitude by which muscle responds (capacity to hypertrophy) to resistance exercise (49). Recently, Ferguson et al expanded on this work and demonstrated that healthy mice increase aerobic exercise capacity following wheel running while GR mice fail to improve exercise capacity and display signs of cardiac fibrosis (50). Potentially, during times of limited food availability epigenetic programming reduces resting metabolic rate to prolong survival.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Downhill Running on Quadriceps Muscle in Growth-Restricted Mice

Wellette-Hunsucker¹,

Leszczynski

Visker³

et al. 2023

Medicine &Amp; Science in Sports &Amp; Exercise

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction Growth-restriction (GR) reduces ribosome abundance and skeletal muscle mass in mice. A reduction in skeletal muscle mass increases the risk of frailty and is associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. As eccentric type exercise increases muscle mass, this investigation aimed to determine if eccentric loading of skeletal muscle via downhill running (DHR) increased muscle mass in GR mice. Methods Mice were growth-restricted either gestational undernutrition (GUN: n = 8 litters), postnatal undernutrition (PUN: n = 8 litters) or were not restricted (CON: n = 8 litters) via a validated cross-fostering nutritive model. On postnatal day (PN) 21, all mice were weaned to a healthy diet, isolating the period of GR to early life as seen in humans. At PN45, mice were assigned to either a downhill running (DHR, CON n = 4 litters, GUN n = 4 litters, PUN n = 4 litters) or sedentary (SED, CON n = 4 litters, GUN n = 4 litters, PUN n = 4 litters) group. DHR (16% decline: 18 m/min) was performed in 30-minute bouts, three times per week, for 12 weeks on a rodent treadmill. At PN129, the quadriceps femoris was dissected and evaluated for mass, myofiber size and type, and molecular markers of growth. Results Following training, CON-DHR mice having larger cells than CON-SED, GUN-SED, PUN-SED, and PUN-DHR mice (p < 0.05). The PUN group (as compared to CON) had reduced body mass (p < 0.001), UBF abundance (p = 0.012), phosphor-mTOR (p < 0.001), and quadriceps mass (p = 0.02). The GUN and PUN groups had increased MuRF1 abundance (p < 0.001) compared to CON (p < 0.001). Conclusions The blunted response to training suggests GR mice may have anabolic resistance when exposed to eccentric type exercise.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Downhill Running on Quadriceps Muscle in Growth-Restricted Mice

Wellette-Hunsucker¹,

Leszczynski

Visker³

et al. 2023

Medicine &Amp; Science in Sports &Amp; Exercise

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The soleus was also excised, flash-frozen, and stored at −80°C. Both tissue samples were homogenized in C. Norris buffer (HEPES, B-glycerophosphate, ATP, protease inhibitor cocktail, benzamidine, PMSF, EDTA, MgCl 2 ) (14,17) and protein concentration determined utilizing a bicinchoninic acid assay. Equal concentrations of sample were loaded into a 12% polyacrylamide gel and separated by SDS-PAGE.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the changes in Casq1 and Drd1 would be beneficial during times of lower food availability, the alteration could be counterproductive once food sources are restored as what typically occurs as babies grow into adults (16). One such example of early life programming having an adverse adulthood health outcome was demonstrated by Ferguson et al (17) when the authors initially aimed to characterize the effects of physical activity (wheel running) on cardiovascular function in growth-restricted mice. Contrary to their initial hypothesis, postnatally growth-restricted mice had significantly reduced left ventricular volume and ventricular area leading to impairments in maximal exercise capacity.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of an Early Life Motor Skill Intervention on Physical Activity in Growth-Restricted Mice

LESZCZYNSKI,

THORN,

SZLACHETKA

et al. 2024

Medicine &Amp; Science in Sports &Amp; Exercise

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction Early life growth-restriction significantly increases the risk of adulthood physical inactivity and thereby chronic disease incidence. Improvements in motor skill acquisition could result in greater physical activity engagement in the growth-restricted population thus reducing chronic disease risk. The purpose of this study was to implement an early life motor training intervention to improve physical activity engagement in control and growth-restricted mice. Methods Mice were growth-restricted in early life utilizing a validated nutritive model or remained fully nourished in early life as a control. All mice were tested throughout early life for various components of motor skill acquisition. On postnatal day 10, mice were randomly assigned to engage in an early life motor skill intervention daily until postnatal day 21 or remained as a sedentary control. All mice were given access to an in-cage running wheel from postnatal days 45-70. Results PGR mice had impaired trunk and postural control, coordination/vestibular development, and hindlimb strength in early life compared to control mice. There were no differences in wheel running behavior between the trained and sedentary mice, although control mice ran at a faster average speed compared to PGR mice. Control female mice ran more than PGR female mice during the week 2 dark cycle. Conclusions Early life growth-restriction reduced motor skill attainment throughout early life, which may be associated with reduced ability to engage in physical activity in adulthood. The early life motor skill intervention did not elicit changes in body weight or physical activity engagement in control or PGR mice, indicating a more intense/different intervention specifically targeting skeletal muscle may be necessary to counteract the detrimental effects of early life growth-restriction.

show abstract

Low birth weight and reduced postnatal nutrition lead to cardiac dysfunction in piglets

McPeek,

Patton,

Columbus

et al. 2023

Journal of Animal Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Heart disease is the leading cause of death in humans and evidence suggests early life growth restriction increases heart disease risk in adulthood. Therefore, this study sought to investigate the effects of low birth weight (LBW) and postnatal restricted nutrition (RN) on cardiac function in neonatal pigs. We hypothesized that LBW and RN would reduce cardiac function in pigs but this effect would be reversed with re-feeding. To investigate this hypothesis, pigs born weighing <1.5kg were assigned LBW and pigs born >1.5kg were assigned normal birth weight (NBW). Half the LBW and NBW pigs underwent ~25% total nutrient restriction via intermittent suckling (assigned RN) for the first 4 wk post-farrowing. The other half of piglets were allowed unrestricted suckling access to the sow (assigned NN). At 28 d of age (weaning), pigs were weaned and provided ad libitum access to a standard diet. Echocardiographic, vascular ultrasound and blood pressure (BP) measurements were performed on d 28 and again at d 56 to assess cardiovascular structure and function. A full factorial three-way ANOVA (NN vs RN, LBW vs NBW, male vs female) was performed. Key findings include reduced diastolic BP (p=0.0401) and passive ventricular filling (p=0.0062) in RN pigs at 28 d but was reversed after re-feeding. LBW piglets have reduced cardiac output index (p=0.0037) and diastolic and systolic wall thickness (p=0.0293 and p=0.0472) at 56 d. Therefore, cardiac dysfunction from RN is recovered with adequate re-feeding while LBW programs irreversible cardiac dysfunction despite proper re-feeding in neonatal pigs.

show abstract

Physical Activity Engagement Worsens Health Outcomes and Limits Exercise Capacity in Growth-restricted Mice

Cited by 3 publications

References 45 publications

The Effect of Downhill Running on Quadriceps Muscle in Growth-Restricted Mice

The Effect of Downhill Running on Quadriceps Muscle in Growth-Restricted Mice

The Effect of an Early Life Motor Skill Intervention on Physical Activity in Growth-Restricted Mice

Low birth weight and reduced postnatal nutrition lead to cardiac dysfunction in piglets

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About