Physical Activity, Energy Expenditure and Intake in 11 to 12 Years Old Japanese Prepubertal Obese Boys.

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to find out the differences in physical activity (PA), energy expenditure (EE) and energy intake (EI) under free-living conditions between Japanese prepubertal obese and nonobese boys. The subjects were 15 prepubertal obese boys (Age: 11.7Ϯ0.4 years old, Body fat: 35.2Ϯ1.6%) who do not have obese parents and siblings and 15 prepubertal nonobese boys (Age: 11.8Ϯ0.4 years old, Body fat: 18.5Ϯ0.8%). We assessed their daily PA by heart rate (HR) monitoring, pedometer step counts (PSC) and time for sedentary activities (SA). We also examined calculated EE from HR-V O 2 regression, EI and percentage of macronutrient EI. Results are as follows: Percentage of body fat had significant correlation with weight, BMI, time for SA, percentage EI of protein (positive, p<0.001), V O 2max , V O 2max per body weight, V O 2max per LBM, PSC, TEE per body weight, TEI per body weight (negative, pϽ0.001), percentage of EI of carbohydrate (negative, pϽ0.01). The values of the obese were significantly lower in total EE per body weight and in total EI per body weight. EI from dinner was significantly higher in the obese group. The values of the obese were significantly higher in percentage EI from protein and that from carbohydrate. The results of this study showed prepubertal obese boys who do no't have obese parents and siblings have low PA and spend much time for sedentary activities. Obese boys consume higher percentage energy of protein and lower percentage of carbohydrate though differences in EE and EI were found only in total EE per body weight and total EI per body weight between obese boys and nonobese boys.

Pedometer Accuracy in Elementary School Children while Walking, Skipping, Galloping, and Sliding

“…The pedometer has advantages over the heart-rate monitor when measuring daily activity levels in children, since heart rate does not measure physical activity directly and is more of a measure of intensity (Rowlands, Eston, & Ingledew, 1997). Mikami, Mimura, Fujimoto, and Bar-Or (2003) reported no differences in the heart rates of obese and non-obese boys over a 24-hr period (92.5 ± 5.7 and 91.8 ± 6.3 b/min, respectively), but did indicate significant differences in daily step counts between obese (8,728.7 ± 1,450.3 steps) and non-obese (17,915.3 ± 3,208.4 steps) boys. Interestingly, percentage of body fat was not correlated with daily average heart rate (r = .048) but was significantly correlated with daily step counts (r = −.878).…”

Clinical and Physical Estirmation of Body Overweight as a Predictor of the Vegetal Vascular Distonya Development in Yonger Pupils With Different Level of Habitual Physical Activity

“…Однако, в проведенных в по-следнее время исследованиях установлено, что не все дети, страдающие ожирением, ведут «сидячий образ жизни», также как и не все дети, испытывающие недо-статок физической нагрузки, имеют избыточную массу тела [15,16,19,20]. Все это определяет необходимость проведения направленных исследований не только прикладного, но и фундаментального характера.…”

Composição corporal e sua relação com a estimativa de demanda e consumo energetico em escolares de 12 a 14 anos de ambos os sexos

“…Várias evidências na literatura, indicam que o consumo inadequado de nutrientes traz conseqüências diretas nas informações da composição corporal, além de estar estritamente relacionada com fatores de riscos (Berkey, et al 2000, Yu, et al 2002, Mikami, et al 2003, Stubbs & Lee, 2004. Ainda existindo autores que indicam que a diminuição ou reeducação alimentar, pode reverter ou amenizar quadros de obesidade (Braggion, et al 2000, Baranowski, et al 2000 Embora haja controvérsias, sugere que a hipocinesia é o principal fator do ganho de peso excessivo e traz, por conseqüência, um comprometimento do estado de saúde de crianças e adolescentes.…”