Physical activity and stroke. A meta-analysis of observational data

Wendel-Vos, Wanda; Schuit, Albertine J.; Feskens, Edith J. M.; Boshuizen, H.C.; Verschuren, W M Monique; Saris, Wim H. M.; Kromhout, Daan

doi:10.1093/ije/dyh168

Cited by 362 publications

(241 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Furthermore, an important distinction to be made is that unlike rats and mice, humans often die of cardiovascular complications, including heart disease and stroke, while this is a rare cause of death in rodents (38). Since exercise has well-known benefits for cardiovascular health (14,42), the effect of exercise on human longevity may prove to be much more impressive than in animal models.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of exercise and calorie restriction on biomarkers of aging in mice

Huffman

Moellering

Grizzle

et al. 2008

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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Unlike calorie restriction, exercise fails to extend maximum life span, but the mechanisms that explain this disparate effect are unknown. We used a 24-wk protocol of treadmill running, weight matching, and pair feeding to compare the effects of exercise and calorie restriction on biomarkers related to aging. This study consisted of young controls, an ad libitum-fed sedentary group, two groups that were weight matched by exercise or 9% calorie restriction, and two groups that were weight matched by 9% calorie restriction ϩ exercise or 18% calorie restriction. After 24 wk, ad libitum-fed sedentary mice were the heaviest and fattest. When weight-matched groups were compared, mice that exercised were leaner than calorie-restricted mice. Ad libitum-fed exercise mice tended to have lower serum IGF-1 than fully-fed controls, but no difference in fasting insulin. Mice that underwent 9% calorie restriction or 9% calorie restriction ϩ exercise, had lower insulin levels; the lowest concentrations of serum insulin and IGF-1 were observed in 18% calorie-restricted mice. Exercise resulted in elevated levels of tissue heat shock proteins, but did not accelerate the accumulation of oxidative damage. Thus, failure of exercise to slow aging in previous studies is not likely the result of increased accrual of oxidative damage and may instead be due to an inability to fully mimic the hormonal and/or metabolic response to calorie restriction. energetics; obesity; energy balance CALORIE RESTRICTION provides a powerful and widely applicable intervention for attenuating many age-related diseases and extending maximal life span (41). Despite its well-documented benefits, limiting calorie intake (Ͼ30%) alone may not provide a practical long-term solution for maximizing human health and longevity. Instead, an alternative approach to energy deprivation could be to increase activity-related energy expenditure or to supplement moderate calorie restriction with exercise.Several studies have reported that increased physical activity can improve mean life span presumably by reducing mortality risk from many age-related diseases, including cardiovascular disease, stroke, type 2 diabetes, and certain cancers (9,17,21,(27)(28)(29). In contrast, exercise and longevity studies in rodents (17, 21) and humans (32) have failed to document an exercise effect on maximum life span. For example, it was found in rats that exercise improved survival (mean life span) compared with sedentary ad libitum-fed controls, but did not result in life span extension (17)(18)(19)21). Furthermore, when exercising rats were matched for body weight with food-restricted pairedweight sedentary rats, only the food-restricted rats had an increase in maximum life span (21).Although the evidence clearly shows a greater benefit from calorie restriction compared with exercise on longevity, there remains a significant gap in the literature explaining this disparate effect. The effects of calorie restriction (40) and exercise (6) on age-related diseases and markers of aging have be...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of exercise and calorie restriction on biomarkers of aging in mice

Huffman

Moellering

Grizzle

et al. 2008

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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“…Studies by Lee and Bliar, Hu et al, Guilm et al and Folsom et al prove that being inactive produce risk factor for stroke and other cardiac diseases [10][11][12]. Being involved in physical activity is related to 25-45% reduction in risk factor of stroke [13]. In regard to this study reported by Jacob and colleagues showed that physical activity in leisure time reduce the risk factor for haemorrhagic and ischemic stroke.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Effects of Joints Weight Bearing Exercises Combine with Range of Motion Exercises on Affected Limbs in Patents with Stroke

Manzoor¹,

Afzal²,

Gulraiz³

et al. 2017

Int J Phys Med Rehabil

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“…A unit to express the quantity of exercise, the "Ekusasaizu (Ex) ( = METs · hour)," was established, and the target quantity of physical activity to prevent lifestyle-related diseases was set at 23 Ex or more per week. For example, ance, vascular endothelial dysfunction, decreased exercise capacity and an increased risk of atherosclerotic CVD, such as CAD and cerebrovascular disease [88][89][90][91][92][93][94][95][96][97][98] . Increased physical activity maintains and increases exercise capacity, improves the serum lipid profile, decreases blood pressure, increases insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance, improves the vascular endothelial function and prevents thrombosis [99][100][101] .…”

Section: • Metabolic Syndrome and Dietmentioning

confidence: 99%