Physical activity and stress management during COVID-19: a longitudinal survey study

Vogel, Erin A.; Zhang, Janice; Peng, Katy; Heaney, Catherine A.; Lü, Ying; Lounsbury, David W.; Hsing, Ann W.; Prochaska, Judith J.

doi:10.1080/08870446.2020.1869740

Cited by 42 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…However, people who were older, more educated, had a higher income, shared a household with others, and those without long-term physical and mental health problems, were more likely to be in a more active class. This is consistent with previous evidence that age, education, income, health status, and social support are associated with physical activity during lockdown 27 , 31 , 32 , 37 – 40 , 42 , 43 . In contrast, our findings are not consistent with prior evidence that women and people of non-white ethnicity were less active during lockdown 28 , 31 , 38 – 40 , 42 , 43 , but consistent with a review of reviews suggesting that gender and ethnicity are correlates but not determinants of physical activity 50 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…This is consistent with previous evidence that age, education, income, health status, and social support are associated with physical activity during lockdown 27 , 31 , 32 , 37 – 40 , 42 , 43 . In contrast, our findings are not consistent with prior evidence that women and people of non-white ethnicity were less active during lockdown 28 , 31 , 38 – 40 , 42 , 43 , but consistent with a review of reviews suggesting that gender and ethnicity are correlates but not determinants of physical activity 50 . Previous studies have also found that differences in physical activity between genders and ethnic groups are very small 4 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

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Longitudinal changes in physical activity during and after the first national lockdown due to the COVID-19 pandemic in England

Bone

Mitchell

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Recent studies have shown reduced physical activity at early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, there is a lack of investigation on longitudinal changes in physical activity beyond lockdowns and stay-at-home orders. Moreover, it is unclear if there is heterogeneity in physical activity growth trajectories. This study aimed to explore longitudinal patterns of physical activity and factors associated with them. Data were from the UCL COVID-19 Social Study. The analytical sample consisted of 35,915 adults in England who were followed up for 22 weeks from 24th March to 23rd August 2020. Data were analysed using growth mixture models. Our analyses identified six classes of growth trajectories, including three stable classes showing little change over time (62.4% in total), two classes showing decreasing physical activity (28.6%), and one class showing increasing physical activity over time (9%). A range of factors were found to be associated the class membership of physical activity trajectories, such as age, gender, education, income, employment status, and health. There is substantial heterogeneity in longitudinal changes in physical activity during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, a substantial proportion of our sample showed persistent physical inactivity or decreasing physical activity. Given the well-established link between physical activity and health, persistent or increased physical inactivity is likely to have both immediate and long-term implications for people’s physical and mental health, as well as general wellbeing. More efforts are needed to promote physical activity during the pandemic and beyond.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Longitudinal changes in physical activity during and after the first national lockdown due to the COVID-19 pandemic in England

Bone

Mitchell

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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“…This interrelation between the different lifestyle behaviors, in response to a stressful situation such as the pandemic, has not received much research attention to date. In this regard, the results suggest that less physical activity, more sedentary behavior (including an increased sleep time) and poorer diet quality would be interconnected ( Pellegrini et al., 2020 ; Vogel et al., 2021 ; Zheng et al., 2020 ), a phenomenon known as ‘multiple health behavior change’ ( Geller et al., 2017 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, most evidence on lifestyle changes is based on cross-sectional studies conducted during the early stages of the pandemic, whereas a few studies exist on its long-term impact on lifestyle ( Salfi et al., 2020 ; Vogel et al., 2021 ; Zhang et al., 2020 ). Given the rapidly changing nature of the COVID-19 pandemic, repeated measurements would provide a better insight on the dynamics of its consequences and their relationship with risk and protective factors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lifestyle changes and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: A repeated, cross-sectional web survey

Cervera-Martínez

Atienza-Carbonell

Mota

et al. 2021

Journal of Affective Disorders

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Background This study aimed to compare self-reported changes on lifestyle behaviors during two phases of the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain, and to evaluate clinical and sociodemographic factors associated with lifestyles. Methods Two cross-sectional web surveys were conducted during lockdown (April 15-May 15, 2020) and seven months later (November 16-December 16, 2020). Lifestyle behaviors were self-reported by a multidimensional scale (SMILE-C). Two separate samples of respondents were analyzed. A multivariate regression model was performed to evaluate the association of SMILE-C scores with demographic and clinical variables. Results The sample comprised, 3412 participants from the first survey (S1) and in the S1 and 3635 from the second (S2). SMILE-C score decreased across surveys ( p < 0.001). The rates of positive screenings for depression and anxiety were similar between the surveys, whereas those for alcohol abuse decreased ( p < 0.001). Most participants in S2 reported that their lifestyle had not changed compared to those before the pandemic. Variables independently associated with an unhealthier lifestyle were working as an essential worker, lower educational level, previous mental disease, worse self-rated health, totally/moderate changes on diet, sleep or social support, as well as positive screenings for alcohol abuse, anxiety and depression. Limitations The cross-sectional design and recruitment by non-probabilistic methods limit inferring causality and the external validity of the results. Conclusions Overall lifestyle worsened seven months after the lockdown in Spain. Several demographic and clinical factors were associated with lifestyle scores. The contribution of common mental disorders to unhealthier lifestyles should be considered in order to prevent the negative impact of the pandemic.

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“…Sports participation exerted a statistically significant negative effect on coronavirusrelated stress. Vogel et al [43] reported that the participants who engaged in physical activity experienced lower levels of coronavirus-related stress than the inactive participants using stress-relieving strategies such as talking or playing with friends and family, exercising outdoors, and listening to music. This is consistent with the results of this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural Relationship between Korean Adolescent’s Sports Participation, Optimism, Pessimism, Self-Regulation, and Coronavirus-Related Stress in the Pandemic Situation

Song

Lee

2021

IJERPH

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This study aimed to examine the relationships between sports participation, optimism/pessimism, self-regulation, and coronavirus-related stress in Korean adolescents during the pandemic situation. Specifically, we attempted to offer valuable information that could help to alleviate coronavirus-related stress in adolescents by promoting participation in sports and the development of optimism and self-regulation. To achieve this aim, we conducted an online survey of 836 Korean adolescents in the pilot and main studies. Confirmatory factor, frequency, path, reliability, descriptive statistical, and multimedia analyses were performed. Our findings indicated several differences for each variable according to demographic characteristics. Sports participation exerted a positive effect on optimism (p < 0.001) and self-regulation (p < 0.01) and negative effects on coronavirus-related stress (p < 0.05) and pessimism (p < 0.001). In addition, optimism exerted a positive effect on self-regulation (p < 0.001) and a negative effect on coronavirus-related stress (p < 0.001), while pessimism exerted a negative effect on self-regulation (p < 0.01) and a positive effect on coronavirus-related stress (p < 0.001). Further analysis indicated that self-regulation had a negative effect on coronavirus-related stress (p < 0.05). These findings highlight the need for youth educational institutions to encourage adolescents to participate in sports and for organizing bodies to suggest various policies and provide education that can assist them in properly coping with and overcoming coronavirus-related stress by strengthening their optimistic attitude and self-regulation ability.

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Physical activity and stress management during COVID-19: a longitudinal survey study

Cited by 42 publications

References 14 publications

Longitudinal changes in physical activity during and after the first national lockdown due to the COVID-19 pandemic in England

Longitudinal changes in physical activity during and after the first national lockdown due to the COVID-19 pandemic in England

Lifestyle changes and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: A repeated, cross-sectional web survey

Structural Relationship between Korean Adolescent’s Sports Participation, Optimism, Pessimism, Self-Regulation, and Coronavirus-Related Stress in the Pandemic Situation

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