Physical activity and exercise in asthma: Relevance to etiology and treatment

Lucas, Sébastien; Platts-Mills, Thomas A.E.

doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2005.01.033

Cited by 221 publications

(170 citation statements)

References 40 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…9 Children of parents with elevated risk perceptions also have higher GP consultation rates. 2 But research shows that parental knowledge is often poor and misperceptions common 17,28 and, therefore, [29][30][31] Experimental research shows that young people with asthma frequently misinterpret breathlessness as asthma, when it is actually due to low aerobic fitness stemming from avoiding exercise. 6 For the vast majority of children, exercise tolerance has been shown to be limited by muscular factors and not the lungs.…”

Section: Comparison With Existing Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Low exercise among children with asthma: a culture of over protection? A qualitative study of experiences and beliefs

Williams¹,

Hoskins

Pow

et al. 2010

Br J Gen Pract

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Background: Research shows that children are insufficiently active in most affluent societies. Although children with asthma may particularly benefit from physical activity, they are less active than their peers. Aim: To explore the reasons for low physical activity levels among children with asthma and to identify strategies to improve activity. Design of study: A qualitative study using in-depth interviews and focus groups. Setting: Six GP practices, a Paediatric Respiratory Unit, and four schools in Tayside, Scotland. Method: Purposive sampling identified 30 children with asthma, their parents (n = 38) and school staff (n = 28), who were interviewed or took part in focus groups. Data were examined using constant comparative analysis. Results: The lower level of activity among children with asthma was supported by a climate of fear among parents and teachers about what was safe and possible for the child. Restrictions were imposed because of perceived dangers of exercising in the presence of 'triggers'. Physical activity was regarded as a threat to be managed rather than something beneficial. Teachers found it difficult to distinguish between children who were physically incapable of exercise due to asthma and those who were unmotivated. GPs were unknowingly drawn into the controversy by children and parents who cite medical advice to sanction exemption from exercise. Conclusion: GPs and asthma nurses need to provide clear management plans explaining what is appropriate and safe in terms of exercise on a child-by-child basis, to counter the considerable misunderstanding and disagreement among children, parents, and teachers

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Section: Comparison With Existing Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Low exercise among children with asthma: a culture of over protection? A qualitative study of experiences and beliefs

Williams¹,

Hoskins

Pow

et al. 2010

Br J Gen Pract

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“…The above listed covariates were selected because they have been shown to affect either asthma status or serum adiponectin concentration (14,30). Smoking was treated as a binary categorical variable, including those who currently smoked and those who were former/ never smokers.…”

Section: Covariatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low Serum Adiponectin Predicts Future Risk for Asthma in Women

Sood¹,

Qualls

Schuyler³

et al. 2012

Am J Respir Crit Care Med

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Rationale: Our previous cross-sectional study showed that serum adiponectin is inversely associated with asthma among women. However, it is not known if serum adiponectin predicts future development of asthma or if asthma affects subsequent serum adiponectin concentrations among women. Objectives: To determine longitudinal association between serum adiponectin and incident asthma among women. Methods: We used data from examinations at Years 10, 15, and 20 of the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) cohort. In our primary analysis, the association of CARDIA Year 15 serum adiponectin concentration with Year 20 incident asthma was evaluated. In our secondary analysis, the converse direction, that is, the association of CARDIA Year 10 prevalent asthma with Year 15 serum adiponectin, was evaluated, using logistic regression techniques. Measurements and Main Results: Our primary analysis included 1,450 women, mostly premenopausal. Multivariable analyses demonstrated that the lowest tertile of Year 15 serum adiponectin concentration (,7 mg/L) predicted significantly higher risk for incident asthma at Year 20 among women (odds ratio, 2.07; 95% confidence interval, 1.05, 4.10), and particularly among current smokers (interaction P ¼ 0.051). Further, low serum adiponectin was more important than body mass index in predicting the risk for incident asthma among women. We also showed that the converse relationship was not true; that is, Year 10 prevalent asthma did not predict Year 15 serum adiponectin concentrations in women. Conclusions: Serum adiponectin affects future risk for asthma in women and not vice versa. Measures that raise systemic adiponectin concentrations may lead to newer ways to prevent asthma among women, particularly among those who smoke.Keywords: incident asthma; obesity; adiponectin; adipokine; women In 2005, more than 21 million people in the United States were estimated to be affected by asthma, amounting to 7.6% of the total population (1). Between 1980 and 1996, the prevalence of, and morbidity trends related to, asthma increased in the United States (2, 3). It is now well established that asthma is related to adiposity, particularly among women. Adipokines, proteins produced by adipose tissue, may regulate systemic inflammation and play a role in asthma (4-7). Adiponectin is one such adipokine with predominantly antiinflammatory effects. Adiponectin inhibits proinflammatory cytokines and endothelial adhesion molecules and induces antiinflammatory cytokines (8-11). Further, adiponectin regulates the proliferation and function of inflammatory cells including NK cells and T lymphocytes (12, 13).Although visceral adipocytes are the most important source of adiponectin, serum adiponectin concentrations are reduced in obese subjects (14,15). One possible explanation is that hypoxia-related necrosis of adipocytes activates macrophages in obese subjects (16). These activated macrophages produce tumor necrosis factor-a and IL-6, which in turn may directly inhibit the local production o...

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“…The aerobic treadmill-based training programme (PRECOR 9.1/ 9.2, China) was set to 60% -75% of the maximum heart rate (HRmax) achieved in a reference to the modified Bruce protocol (10). This rate was defined as the training heart rate (THR).…”

Section: Aerobic Exercise Trainingmentioning

confidence: 99%