Physical activity and estrogen treatment reduce visceral body fat and serum levels of leptin in an additive manner in a diet induced animal model of obesity

Zoth, Nora; Weigt, Carmen; Laudenbach-Leschowski, Ute; Diel, Patrick

doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2010.03.029

Cited by 58 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(41 reference statements)

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“…In the present study, E 2 injection significantly reduced the hepatic expression of DGAT2, suggesting that E 2 decreased not only fatty acid synthesis but also TG synthesis. Consistent with our findings, previous studies have shown that E 2 decreased hepatic TG deposition and, in turn, reduced serum levels of TG (Zhu et al 2013;Zoth et al 2010). Additionally, decreased fat mass by E 2 in the present study could be related to adipocyte lipoprotein lipase since Mayes and Watson (2004) reported that E 2 decreased fatty acid uptake and accumulation by reducing adipocyte lipoprotein lipase activity.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Estrogen and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation have a synergistic hypotriglyceridemic effect in ovariectomized rats

2015

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The n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), EPA and DHA, as well as estrogen have been shown to decrease circulating levels of triglyceride (TG), but their underlying mode of action is unclear. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of n-3 PUFA consumption and estrogen injection on TG metabolism. Rats (n = 48) were fed a modified AIN-93G diet with 0, 1, or 2 % EPA ? DHA relative to the total energy intake during 12 weeks. At 8 weeks, rats were ovariectomized (OVX), and after a 1-week recovery, rats were injected with either 17b-estradiol-3-benzoate (E 2 ) or corn oil for the last 3 weeks. The n-3 PUFA consumption and E 2 injection independently decreased the hepatic expressions of sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1, acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1, fatty acid synthase (FAS), and diacylglycerol acyltransferase 2 (DGAT2) (P \ 0.05). There were interactions between n-3 PUFA consumption and E 2 injection on hepatic expression of FAS and DGAT2. In addition, n-3 PUFA consumption and E 2 injection upregulated the expression of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), phosphorylated AMPK, peroxisomal proliferator-activated receptor a, and carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 in liver and skeletal muscle. E 2 injection increased the expression of estrogen receptor a and b in skeletal muscle and liver, but n-3 PUFA consumption increased the expression of both receptors only in skeletal muscle. The present study suggests that the hypotriglyceridemic effects of n-3 PUFA consumption and E 2 injection could be due to the down-regulation of hepatic TG synthesis and upregulation of TG oxidation in liver and skeletal muscle in OVX rats.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Estrogen and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation have a synergistic hypotriglyceridemic effect in ovariectomized rats

2015

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“…Total body fat mass in postmenopausal women, for example, is around 28% higher compared to premenopausal women [6,8]. Similarly, ovariectomy in rats, and accordingly deprivation of estrogens, leads to increases in body weight and fat mass whereas estrogen treatment antagonizes these effects in a positive manner [9][10][11]. Ovariectomy has also been reported to enhance overall insulin resistance in rats, while hormone replacement therapy (HRT) ameliorates these effects [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A number of studies have shown that exercise training or estrogen treatment seems to have the potency to prevent the development of metabolic syndrome [11,16,18]. However there are limited data on such effects in the therapy of already existing obesity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic effects of estrogen substitution in combination with targeted exercise training on the therapy of obesity in ovariectomized Wistar rats

Zoth

Weigt

Zengin

et al. 2012

The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

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“…Oestrogens, the primary female sex hormones, are suggested to reduce visceral adiposity and prevent insulin resistance and glucose intolerance in rodents [27,28]. For this reason, male mice are more susceptible to diet-induced obesity than female mice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

IL-7 receptor deletion ameliorates diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance in mice

et al. 2015

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Aim/hypothesis Obesity-induced inflammation plays an important role in the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Recent studies have demonstrated that adiposity can be improved by ablating certain inflammatory signalling pathways. Although the IL-7 receptor (IL-7R) is mostly known as a key regulator of T lymphocyte development and homeostasis, its role in obesity and metabolic diseases is unknown. Because IL-7 is markedly increased in the serum of obese individuals and IL-7R (also known as IL7R) is overexpressed in white adipose tissue (WAT) in obesity, we studied the metabolic consequences of genetic Il-7r ablation in mice. Methods Age-matched Il-7r-deficient (Il-7r KO) and wildtype (WT) littermates were fed a standard chow or high-fat diet (HFD) for 14 weeks. Their serum metabolic variables were measured. The expression of genes and proteins related to insulin resistance and inflammation was evaluated in WAT. Results We demonstrated that Il-7r KO mice exhibited significantly reduced body weight gain and visceral adiposity compared with WT controls on both chow and HFD. The expression of signalling molecules involved in adipogenesis was reduced in the WAT of Il-7r KO mice. We also found that Il-7r KO mice had significantly enhanced glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity. Consistent with an improved metabolic phenotype, proinflammatory cytokine production and macrophage infiltration was attenuated in the WAT of Il-7r KO mice. Conclusions/interpretation The IL-7R plays an important role in the induction of HFD-induced adipogenesis and insulin resistance in mice.

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Physical activity and estrogen treatment reduce visceral body fat and serum levels of leptin in an additive manner in a diet induced animal model of obesity

Cited by 58 publications

References 33 publications

Estrogen and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation have a synergistic hypotriglyceridemic effect in ovariectomized rats

Estrogen and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation have a synergistic hypotriglyceridemic effect in ovariectomized rats

Metabolic effects of estrogen substitution in combination with targeted exercise training on the therapy of obesity in ovariectomized Wistar rats

IL-7 receptor deletion ameliorates diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance in mice

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