Physical Abuse in Low-Income Women in Aleppo, Syria

Maziak, Wasim; Asfar, Taghrid

doi:10.1080/07399330390191689

Cited by 81 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(16 reference statements)

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“…41 Domestic violence and sexual harassment are portrayed as private issues shaped by patriarchal beliefs around men's rightful control over women's sexuality. Challenging the privacy of VAW and attempts to address or report it have therefore often been constructed as betrayal of family and violation of social cohesion.…”

Section: Gendered Dimension Of Conflict and Emerging Patterns Of Vawmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding women’s experience of violence and the political economy of gender in conflict: the case of Syria

Alsaba

Kapilashrami

2016

Reproductive Health Matters

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Political conflicts create significant risks for women, as new forms and pathways of violence emerge, and existing patterns of violence may get amplified and intensified. The systematic use of sexual violence as a tactic of war is well-documented. Emergent narratives from the Middle East also highlight increasing risk and incidence of violence among displaced populations in refugee camps in countries bordering states affected by conflict. However, much less is known about the changing nature of violence and associated risks and lived experiences of women across a continuum of violence faced within the country and across national borders. Discussion on violence against women (VAW) in conflict settings is often stripped of an understanding of the changing political economy of the state and how it structures gender relations, before, during and after a conflict, creating particular risks of violence and shaping women's experiences. Drawing on a review of grey and published literature and authors' experiences, this paper examines this underexplored dimension of VAW in political conflicts, by identifying risk environments and lived realities of violence experienced by women in the Syrian conflict, a context that is itself poorly understood. We argue for multi-level analysis of women's experiences of violence, taking into account the impact of the political economy of the wider region as shaping the lived realities of violence and women's response, as well as their access to resources for resistance and recovery.

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Section: Gendered Dimension Of Conflict and Emerging Patterns Of Vawmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding women’s experience of violence and the political economy of gender in conflict: the case of Syria

Alsaba

Kapilashrami

2016

Reproductive Health Matters

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“…As a result, health-care professionals often under-report and/ or fail to detect and document abuse. Nevertheless, some studies conducted in EMR countries have documented different aspects of spousal violence (7)(8)(9)(10)(11). The observed variation in the prevalence of spousal violence across MR countries can be attributed not only to variations in methods of data collection but to the cultural and societal differences influencing the perspectives of the populations studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adverse health effects of spousal violence among women attending Saudi Arabian primary health-care clinics

Eldoseri¹,

Tufts²,

Zhang³

et al. 2014

East Mediterr Health J

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This study aimed to investigate the frequency of spousal violence among Saudi women and document the related health effects and injuries, as well as their attitudes to gender and violence. Structured interviews were conducted with 200 ever-married women recruited from primary-care centres in Jeddah. Nearly half of the surveyed women (44.5%) reported ever experiencing physical violence from their spouse. Although 37 women (18.5%) had received violencerelated injuries, only 6.5% had reported these injuries to a health-care provider. Victims of spousal violence had poor perceptions of their overall health, and reported pain or discomfort, antidepressant use and suicidal thoughts. Women mostly disagreed with the presented justifications for wife-beating. However, the association between gender attitudes and spousal violence was not significant. The results of this study support calls for integration of education about partner violence into health-care curricula to enhance the access and quality of services. ‬ ‫عليهـ‬ ‫ـول‬ ‫احلصـ‬ ‫ـرص‬ ‫وفـ‬ ‫ـات‬ ‫اخلدمـ‬ ‫ـة‬ ‫نوعيـ‬ ‫ـز‬ ‫لتعزيـ‬ ‫ـة‬ ‫الصحيـ‬ ‫ـة‬ ‫الرعايـ‬ ‫ـج‬ ‫مناهـ‬ ‫يف‬ ‫ـزوج‬ ‫الـ‬ ‫ـف‬ ‫عنـ‬ ‫ـن‬ ‫عـ‬ ‫ـف‬ ‫التثقيـ‬ ‫ـاج‬ ‫بإدمـ‬ ‫ـادي‬ ‫تنـ‬Effets indésirables de la violence conjugale sur la santé des femmes consultant dans des centres de soins de santé primaires en Arabie saoudite RÉSUMÉ La présente étude visait à examiner la fréquence de la violence physique infligée par les conjoints à des femmes saoudiennes et de documenter les effets sur la santé et les traumatismes qui y sont liés, ainsi que leurs attitudes vis-à-vis du sexisme et de la violence. Des entretiens structurés ont été menés auprès de 200 femmes ayant déjà été mariées, recrutées dans des centres de soins de santé primaires à Djedda. Près de la moitié des femmes ayant participé à l'enquête (44,5 %) ont déclaré avoir déjà été victimes de violence conjugale. Pourtant, si 37 femmes (18,5 %) ont présenté des traumatismes liés à la violence physique infligée par leur conjoint, seules 6,5 % avaient consulté un prestataire de soins de santé pour ce motif. Les victimes de violence conjugale avaient une perception médiocre de leur état de santé en général et affirmaient souffrir de douleur et de gêne, consommer des antidépresseurs et avoir des idées suicidaires. Les femmes interrogées étaient le plus souvent en désaccord avec les justifications proposées pour la violence conjugale. Toutefois, l'association entre les attitudes sexistes et la violence conjugale n'était pas significative. Les résultats de cette étude confirment la nécessité d'inclure une formation sur la violence conjugale dans les programmes d'études sur les soins de santé afin d'accroître l'accès aux services et leur qualité.

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“…30 Current physical abuse was found among 23% of women randomly selected from primary care centers in Aleppo, Syria. 32 In Lebanon, 35% of women using primary health care centers were found to have experienced domestic violence. 31 Moreover, there is no societal consensus for action against domestic violence in Arab countries.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Involving the Health Care System in Domestic Violence: What Women Want

Usta¹,

Antoun²,

Ambuel³

et al. 2012

The Annals of Family Medicine

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PURPOSE Domestic violence is prevalent among women using primary health care services in Lebanon and has a negative effect on their health, yet physicians are not inquiring about it. In this study, we explored the attitudes of these women regarding involving the health care system in domestic violence management. METHODSWe undertook a qualitative focus group study. Health care professionals in 6 primary health care centers routinely screened women for domestic violence using the HITS (Hurt, Insult, Threaten, Scream) instrument. At each center, 12 women who were screened (regardless of the result) were recruited to participate in a focus group discussion.RESULTS Most of the 72 women encouraged involvement of the health care system in the management of domestic violence and considered it to be a "socially accepted way to break the silence." Women expected health care professionals to have an "active conscience"; to be open minded, ready to listen, and unhurried; and to respect confi dentiality. Additionally, they recommended mass media and community awareness campaigns focusing on family relationships to address domestic violence.CONCLUSIONS Addressing domestic violence through the health care system, if done properly, may be socially acceptable and nonoffensive even to women living in conservative societies such as Lebanon. The women in this study described characteristics of health professionals that would be conducive to screening and that could be extrapolated to the health care of immigrant Arab women. Ann Fam Med 2012;10:213-220. doi:10.1370/afm.1336. INTRODUCTIOND omestic violence is prevalent worldwide and associated with considerable morbidity and mortality.1,2 Women exposed to domestic violence are more likely to have physical symptoms, poor pregnancy outcomes, sexually transmitted infections, and elective abortions. [3][4][5][6] Such consequences lead to poorer physical and mental health, more hospitalizations, greater use of outpatient care for acute problems, and less preventive care. [7][8][9][10] Although numerous medical associations, governmental agencies, and advocacy groups recommend routinely screening for or inquiring about domestic violence, 11,12 many physicians, even in developed countries, do not follow these recommendations 13 for various reasons, including lack of knowledge, inadequate training, and fear of offending patients. 14 Several studies have been conducted in developed countries to identify women's attitudes toward routine screening and disclosure of domestic violence in health care settings. A systematic review of 20 peer-reviewed quantitative studies concluded that 43% to 85% of female respondents were in favor of universal screening for intimate partner violence. 213 HE A LT H C A R E A ND D O MES T IC VIOL ENCEincluding victims of violence, would actually endorse screening for such violence under certain conditions: assurance of privacy, a nonjudgmental clinician, and provision of a rationale for the purpose of the screen. 16In addition, female patients in the Unite...

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Physical Abuse in Low-Income Women in Aleppo, Syria

Cited by 81 publications

References 14 publications

Understanding women’s experience of violence and the political economy of gender in conflict: the case of Syria

Understanding women’s experience of violence and the political economy of gender in conflict: the case of Syria

Adverse health effects of spousal violence among women attending Saudi Arabian primary health-care clinics

Involving the Health Care System in Domestic Violence: What Women Want

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