Abstract:. 2011 -Physarella oblongacentered bioassays for testing the biological activity of myxomycetes. Mycosphere 2 (6), 637-644, Doi 10.5943/mycosphere/2/6/4To study the trypanocidal, antibacterial, antifungal activity and cytotoxicity of myxomycetes, a rapid assessment focused on the species Physarella oblonga was carried out. Optimum conditions for culturing were utilized to develop a protocol that was adequate for bioanalysis of chemical compounds. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectroscopy (MS) dete… Show more
“…On the other hand, myxomycete Physarum melleum, (Fig. 8 a) showed antifungal activity against the phytopathogen F. oxysporum (Herrera et al 2011 ) . Fig.…”
Section: Slime Molds Typesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…bahiense Misono et al ( 2003 ) Cribrarione A (A dihydrofuranonaphthoquinone) Cribraria purpurea Naoe et al ( 2003 ) Fatty acids with Δ 5,9 -position of two double bonds (two) Trichia Favogina Trichia varia Dembitsky et al ( 2005 ) Fulicineroside (A glycosidic dibenzofuran) Fuligo cinerea Rezanka et al ( 2005 ) Kehokorins A Trichia favoginea var. persimilis Kaniwa et al ( 2006 ) Plasmodial extract Physarella oblonga Herrera et al ( 2011 ) Plasmodial extract Physarum melleum Herrera et al ( 2011 ) Crude extract Fuligo septica Jiang et al ( 2014 ) 4-methyl-5-pentylbenzene-1,3-diol (MPBD) Dictyostelium discoideum Murata et al ( 2016 ) Lycogalinosides A and B Lycogala epidendrum Wang et al ( 2017 ) EPS EPS Physarella oblonga Physarum polycephalum Huynh et al ( 2017 ) Ethanol, methanol and dichloromethane extract Physarum album (Bull.) Sevindik et al ( 2018 ) Differentiation-inducing factors (DIFs) Dictyostelium discoideum Kubohara et al ( 2019 ) Ethanol, methanol and dichloromethane ex...…”
Section: Pigments Of Slime Molds Are Predominant In Antimicrobial Activitymentioning
Given the emerging multidrug-resistant pathogens, the number of effective antimicrobial agents to deal with the threat of bacterial and fungal resistance has fallen dramatically. Therefore, the critical solution to deal with the missing effective antibiotics is to research new sources or new synthetic antibiotics. Natural products have different advantages to be considered antimicrobial agents. There are different natural sources for antimicrobial agents, such as bacteria, fungi, algae, slime molds, and plants. This article has focused on antibiotics from slime molds, especially Myxomycetes. The reason why slime molds have been chosen to be studied is their unique bioactive metabolites, especially over the past couple of decades. Some of those metabolites have been demonstrated to possess antibiotic activities. Hence, this article has focused on the potential of these creatures as an alternative source of antibiotics.
“…On the other hand, myxomycete Physarum melleum, (Fig. 8 a) showed antifungal activity against the phytopathogen F. oxysporum (Herrera et al 2011 ) . Fig.…”
Section: Slime Molds Typesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…bahiense Misono et al ( 2003 ) Cribrarione A (A dihydrofuranonaphthoquinone) Cribraria purpurea Naoe et al ( 2003 ) Fatty acids with Δ 5,9 -position of two double bonds (two) Trichia Favogina Trichia varia Dembitsky et al ( 2005 ) Fulicineroside (A glycosidic dibenzofuran) Fuligo cinerea Rezanka et al ( 2005 ) Kehokorins A Trichia favoginea var. persimilis Kaniwa et al ( 2006 ) Plasmodial extract Physarella oblonga Herrera et al ( 2011 ) Plasmodial extract Physarum melleum Herrera et al ( 2011 ) Crude extract Fuligo septica Jiang et al ( 2014 ) 4-methyl-5-pentylbenzene-1,3-diol (MPBD) Dictyostelium discoideum Murata et al ( 2016 ) Lycogalinosides A and B Lycogala epidendrum Wang et al ( 2017 ) EPS EPS Physarella oblonga Physarum polycephalum Huynh et al ( 2017 ) Ethanol, methanol and dichloromethane extract Physarum album (Bull.) Sevindik et al ( 2018 ) Differentiation-inducing factors (DIFs) Dictyostelium discoideum Kubohara et al ( 2019 ) Ethanol, methanol and dichloromethane ex...…”
Section: Pigments Of Slime Molds Are Predominant In Antimicrobial Activitymentioning
Given the emerging multidrug-resistant pathogens, the number of effective antimicrobial agents to deal with the threat of bacterial and fungal resistance has fallen dramatically. Therefore, the critical solution to deal with the missing effective antibiotics is to research new sources or new synthetic antibiotics. Natural products have different advantages to be considered antimicrobial agents. There are different natural sources for antimicrobial agents, such as bacteria, fungi, algae, slime molds, and plants. This article has focused on antibiotics from slime molds, especially Myxomycetes. The reason why slime molds have been chosen to be studied is their unique bioactive metabolites, especially over the past couple of decades. Some of those metabolites have been demonstrated to possess antibiotic activities. Hence, this article has focused on the potential of these creatures as an alternative source of antibiotics.
“…In addition to potential antimicrobial compounds such as a new glycerolipid (bahiensol) isolated from the plasmodium of Didymium bahiense [ 13 ], stigmasterol and fatty acids obtained from plasmodial extracts of Phy. oblonga [ 14 ], some remarkable anticancer compounds from myxomycetes have also been reported. Cyclic phosphatidic acid (CPA), a novel bioactive lipid isolated from Ph.…”
BackgroundThe myxomycetes derive their common name (slime molds) from the multinucleate trophic stage (plasmodium) in the life cycle, which typically produces a noticeable amount of slimy materials, some of which is normally left behind as a “slime track” as the plasmodium migrates over the surface of a particular substrate. The study reported herein apparently represents the first attempt to investigate the chemical composition and biological activities of slime tracks and the exopolysaccharides (EPS) which cover the surface of the plasmodia of Physarum polycephalum and Physarella oblonga.ResultsChemical analyses indicated that the slime tracks and samples of the EPS consist largely of carbohydrates, proteins and various sulphate groups. Galactose, glucose and rhamnose are the monomers of the cabohydrates present. The slime tracks of both species and the EPS of Phy. oblonga contained rhamnose, but the EPS of Ph. polycephalum had glucose as the major monomer. In term of biological activities, the slime tracks displayed no antimicrobial activity, low anticancer activity and only moderate antioxidant activity. However, EPSs from both species showed remarkable antimicrobial activities, especially toward Candida albicans (zone of inhibition ≥20 mm). Minimum inhibitory concentrations of this fungus were found to be 2560 μg/mL and 1280 μg/mL for EPS from Phy. oblonga and Ph. polycephalum, respectively. These EPS samples also showed moderate antioxidant activities. However, they both displayed cytotoxicity towards MCF-7 and HepG2 cancer cells. Notably, EPS isolated from the plasmodium of Phy. oblonga inhibited the cell growth of MCF-7 and HepG2 at the half inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 1.22 and 1.11 mg/mL, respectively.ConclusionsEPS from Ph. polycephalum plasmodium could be a potential source of antifungal compounds, and EPS from Phy. oblonga could be a potential source of anticancer compounds.
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