Phymatotrichum (cotton) root rot caused by <i>Phymatotrichopsis omnivora</i>: retrospects and prospects

Uppalapati, Srinivasa Rao; Young, Carolyn A.; Marek, Stephen M.; Mysore, Kirankumar S.

doi:10.1111/j.1364-3703.2010.00616.x

Cited by 31 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 63 publications

(90 reference statements)

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“…Hence, the metabolic responses of root tips and border cells were measured in response to exposure to cotton root rot, a devastating fungal root rot pathogen with limited treatment options and no known resistance in Medicago spp. or any crop species (Uppalapati et al, 2010). The flavone DHF was strongly increased in border cells after exposure to cotton root rot.…”

Section: Secondary Metabolism Is Enhanced In Border Cellsmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…truncatula seedlings were treated with water or a suspension of mycelia from the nonsporulating fungus cotton root rot, a devastating root pathogen that attacks many plants, including legumes Uppalapati et al, 2009Uppalapati et al, , 2010. Border cells and root tips without border cells were collected 24 and 48 h after inoculation and analyzed by UHPLCquadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry.…”

Section: Metabolomicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Integrated Metabolomics and Transcriptomics Reveal Enhanced Specialized Metabolism in Medicago truncatula Root Border Cells

et al. 2015

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Integrated metabolomics and transcriptomics of Medicago truncatula seedling border cells and root tips revealed substantial metabolic differences between these distinct and spatially segregated root regions. Large differential increases in oxylipin-pathway lipoxygenases and auxin-responsive transcript levels in border cells corresponded to differences in phytohormone and volatile levels compared with adjacent root tips. Morphological examinations of border cells revealed the presence of significant starch deposits that serve as critical energy and carbon reserves, as documented through increased b-amylase transcript levels and associated starch hydrolysis metabolites. A substantial proportion of primary metabolism transcripts were decreased in border cells, while many flavonoid-and triterpenoid-related metabolite and transcript levels were increased dramatically. The cumulative data provide compounding evidence that primary and secondary metabolism are differentially programmed in border cells relative to root tips. Metabolic resources normally destined for growth and development are redirected toward elevated accumulation of specialized metabolites in border cells, resulting in constitutively elevated defense and signaling compounds needed to protect the delicate root cap and signal motile rhizobia required for symbiotic nitrogen fixation. Elevated levels of 7,49-dihydroxyflavone were further increased in border cells of roots exposed to cotton root rot (Phymatotrichopsis omnivora), and the value of 7,49-dihydroxyflavone as an antimicrobial compound was demonstrated using in vitro growth inhibition assays. The cumulative and pathway-specific data provide key insights into the metabolic programming of border cells that strongly implicate a more prominent mechanistic role for border cells in plant-microbe signaling, defense, and interactions than envisioned previously.

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Section: Secondary Metabolism Is Enhanced In Border Cellsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Metabolomicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Metabolomics and Transcriptomics Reveal Enhanced Specialized Metabolism in Medicago truncatula Root Border Cells

et al. 2015

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“…The high copy number of rDNA allowed detection even from fragmented P. omnivora DNA. The genome size of P. omnivora is estimated to be ϳ115 Mb (24). Using a previously published formula (25), 1 pg ϭ 978 Mb (or 1 Mb ϭ 1.022 ϫ 10 Ϫ3 pg), the detection limit of a single genome of P. omnivora should be around 117.5 fg.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a Rapid, Sensitive, and Field-Deployable Razor Ex BioDetection System and Quantitative PCR Assay for Detection of Phymatotrichopsis omnivora Using Multiple Gene Targets

Arif

Fletcher

Marek

et al. 2013

Appl Environ Microbiol

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A validated, multigene-based method using real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) and the Razor Ex BioDetection system was developed for detection of Phymatotrichopsis omnivora. This soilborne fungus causes Phymatotrichopsis root rot of cotton, alfalfa, and other dicot crops in the southwestern United States and northern Mexico, leading to significant crop losses and limiting the range of crops that can be grown in soils where the fungus is established. It is on multiple lists of regulated organisms. Because P. omnivora is difficult to isolate, accurate and sensitive culture-independent diagnostic tools are needed to confirm infections by this fungus. Specific PCR primers and probes were designed based on P. omnivora nucleotide sequences of the genes encoding rRNA internal transcribed spacers, beta-tubulin, and the second-largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (RPB2). PCR products were cloned and sequenced to confirm their identity. All primer sets allowed early detection of P. omnivora in infected but asymptomatic plants. A modified rapid DNA purification method, which facilitates a quick (ϳ30-min) on-site assay capability for P. omnivora detection, was developed. Combined use of three target genes increased the assay accuracy and broadened the range of detection. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a multigene-based, field-deployable, rapid, and reliable identification method for a fungal plant pathogen and should serve as a model for the development of field-deployable assays of other phytopathogens.

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“…Phymatotrichopsis omnivora (Duggar) Hennebert, se distribuye principalmente en suelos alcalinos, ataca las raíces de más de 2 000 especies de plantas y se encuentra solo en México y Estados Unidos de América (Uppalapati et al, 2010). Los rangos de pH en el suelo de 8.5 -8, < 8 -7.5 y < 7.5 -≤ 7 se asociaron con frecuentes, medios y escasos síntomas del ataque por P. omnivora hacia plantas de algodón Gossypium spp., respectivamente (Bell, 1990).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Phymatotrichopsis omnivora (Duggar) Hennebert appears mainly in alkaline soils, attacks the roots of more than 2 000 plant species and is found only in Mexico and the United States of America (Uppalapati et al, 2010). The soil pH ranges of 8.5 -8, <8 -7.5 and <7.5 -= 7 were associated with frequent medium and scarce symptoms, respectively of the attack of P. omnivora to cotton plants Gossypium spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supervivencia de los esclerocios de Phymatotrichopsis omnivora en función del pH in vitro

Gaxiola

2018

Remexca

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Phymatotrichopsisomnivoraesunhongofitopatógenosque ataca a miles de especies de plantas, principalmente en suelos alcalinos. En el presente trabajo, se evaluó la capacidad de los esclerocios de P. omnivora para cambiar el pH y sobrevivir en soluciones ácidas y amortiguadoras. Los esclerocios fueron colocados dos semanas en soluciones de ácidos acético (0.4, 0.8 y 1.7 mmol L-1) y sulfúrico (0.25, 0.5 y 1 mmol L-1), éstas soluciones no se recambiaron o se hicieron una, dos o tres veces. Los esclerocios también se pusieron siete días en soluciones amortiguadoras (pH 4, 5, 8 y 9) sin diluir o diluidas a razón de 1:2, 1:4 y 1:10 v/v. Otros esclerocios se colocaron en soluciones selectas de ácido sulfúrico 0.5 mmol L-1 y amortiguadora a pH 5 diluida 1:10, luego se extrajeron y fueron sometieron a tratamientos de estrés. Estos tratamientos consintieron en colocar los esclerocios en: solución de NaOCl, arena inundada con glucosa, arena inundada, y arena a capacidad de campo. Los esclerocios cambiaron el pH de las soluciones de ácido acético sin recambio, y amortiguadoras de pH 8 y 9 diluidas 1:10. Pero, el cambio de pH de las soluciones fue marginal cuando los ácidos no se recambiaron y las soluciones amortiguadoras no se diluyeron. La supervivencia de los esclerocios fue nula con tres recambios de de ácido sulfúrico a l mmol L-1 y en soluciones amortiguadora de pH 4, pH 5 diluida 1:4 o menos, y pH 9 sin diluir; en el resto de las soluciones, algunos esclerocios lograron sobrevivir. Los tratamientos de estés tuvieron un efecto sinérgicos en disminuir la supervivencia de los esclerocios que previamente fueron colocados en las soluciones selectas (ácido sulfúrico 0.5 mmol L-1 y amortiguadora a pH 5 diluida 1:10).

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Phymatotrichum (cotton) root rot caused by Phymatotrichopsis omnivora: retrospects and prospects

Cited by 31 publications

References 63 publications

Integrated Metabolomics and Transcriptomics Reveal Enhanced Specialized Metabolism in Medicago truncatula Root Border Cells

Integrated Metabolomics and Transcriptomics Reveal Enhanced Specialized Metabolism in Medicago truncatula Root Border Cells

Development of a Rapid, Sensitive, and Field-Deployable Razor Ex BioDetection System and Quantitative PCR Assay for Detection of Phymatotrichopsis omnivora Using Multiple Gene Targets

Supervivencia de los esclerocios de Phymatotrichopsis omnivora en función del pH in vitro

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