Phylogeography of thePetunia integrifoliacomplex in southern Brazil

Abstract

In this study, we evaluated the genetic diversity of the Petunia integrifolia species group using a phylogeographical approach, and attempted to understand better its diversification and taxonomy. Plants from five morphological groups were collected, covering a large part of the geographical distribution of most of the species. Two major clades were found in the phylogenetic tree, and an additional lineage, corresponding to P. inflata, was found in the haplotype network obtained for plastid markers. All three lineages are clearly delimited geographically, but, with the exception of P. inflata, the morphological groups were not genetically distinct. Our results suggest that a population expansion after a size reduction resulted in the establishment of two distinct and allopatric groups c. 0.5 Mya, one group occurring in a geologically ancient area, and the other occurring in areas that were under the influence of a series of marine transgressions/regressions at the end of the Pleistocene. These two clades are evolutionarily significant units with significantly different allele frequencies in their nuclear genome and reciprocal monophyly in maternal, uniparentally inherited markers. All our results suggest that the morphology‐based taxonomy in this group does not reflect its evolutionary history, and revision of its species limits should incorporate the distribution of the genetic diversity. © 2013 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2014, 174, 199–213.

The impact of early Quaternary climate change on the diversification and population dynamics of a South American cactus species

“…Similarly, phylogeographic structure (inland and coastline) were reported in the orchid Epidendrum fulgens (Pinheiro & Cozzolino, ; Pinheiro et al., ), and Eugenia uniflora (Turchetto‐Zolet et al., ), highlighting the importance of common historical processes shaping the distribution of several southern Brazilian taxa. A similar movement of populations from western (inland region), and recent colonisation of the coastal plain, was suggested for Calibrachoa heterophylla and the Petunia integrifolia species complex in Solanaceae (Longo, Lorenz‐Lemke, Mäder, Bonatto, & Freitas, ; Mäder, Fregonezi, Lorenz‐Lemke, Bonatto, & Freitas, ). Recently, palaeoclimatic models suggest expansion of forest and forest‐adapted taxa due to opportunities of suitable climatic conditions onto the emerged continental shelf in the LGM in eastern Brazil (Leite et al., ).…”

Systematics of the oil bee genusLanthanomelissaand its implications to the biogeography of southern grasslands

“…The distribution of L. discrepans and L. pampicola are divided by a central gap suggesting the division of inland western and eastern clusters, as well as a costal cluster in LGM. This structure was also observed in this area for plants endemic to the Southern Grasslands (Pinheiro et al 2011; Longo et al 2014; Silva et al 2018). The species could have dispersed through the “Portal de Torres” (Rambo 1950), a migratory route from the coastal Atlantic forest to the inland grasslands (Pinheiro et al 2011; Barros et al 2018; Silva et al 2018).…”

Contribution of WUSCHEL-related homeobox (WOX) genes to identify the phylogenetic relationships among Petunia species

“…integrifolia under the latter taxa, justifying this choice with the association of several characteristics to the different environments where these plants grow. Previous evolutionary approaches (Longo et al , 2014; Reck-Kortmann et al , 2014; Ramos-Fregonezi et al , 2015) have supported the suggestions of Stehmann and Bohs (2007) and Stehmann et al (2009), but the genetic variation found in WOX genes reinforces the proposition of Ando et al (2005a,b), this indicating the need for more studies including these different morphologies.…”