Phylogeographic analysis of African swine fever virus based on the p72 gene sequence

Muangkram, Yuttamol; Sukmak, Manakorn; Wajjwalku, Worawidh

doi:10.4238/2015.may.4.15

Cited by 30 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Muangkram et al . ( 52 ) established a novel phylogenetic analysis and epidemiological comparison based on VP72 gene sequences. They found that 516 sequences of ASFV compiled from GenBank belonged to 44 different genotypes, and ASFV populations of the African continent could be divided into four clades by the analysis of spatial genetic variation.…”

Section: P72 Proteinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Roles of African swine fever virus structural proteins in viral infection

Jia

Pejsak

et al. 2017

Journal of Veterinary Research

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African swine fever virus (ASFV) is a large, double-stranded DNA virus and the sole member of the Asfarviridae family. ASFV infects domestic pigs, wild boars, warthogs, and bush pigs, as well as soft ticks (Ornithodoros erraticus), which likely act as a vector. The major target is swine monocyte-macrophage cells. The virus can cause high fever, haemorrhagic lesions, cyanosis, anorexia, and even fatalities in domestic pigs. Currently, there is no vaccine and effective disease control strategies against its spread are culling infected pigs and maintaining high biosecurity standards. African swine fever (ASF) spread to Europe from Africa in the middle of the 20th century, and later also to South America and the Caribbean. Since then, ASF has spread more widely and thus is still a great challenge for swine breeding. The genome of ASFV ranges in length from about 170 to 193 kbp depending on the isolate and contains between 150 and 167 open reading frames (ORFs). The ASFV genome encodes 150 to 200 proteins, around 50 of them structural. The roles of virus structural proteins in viral infection have been described. These proteins, such as pp220, pp62, p72, p54, p30, and CD2v, serve as the major component of virus particles and have roles in attachment, entry, and replication. All studies on ASFV proteins lay a good foundation upon which to clarify the infection mechanism and develop vaccines and diagnosis methods. In this paper, the roles of ASFV structural proteins in viral infection are reviewed.

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Section: P72 Proteinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Roles of African swine fever virus structural proteins in viral infection

Jia

Pejsak

et al. 2017

Journal of Veterinary Research

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“…Molecular surveillance of ASFV is an integral part of the disease intervention activities in Europe and Africa. Most published studies used molecular characterization of vp72 or/and CVR gene segments for genotyping, subgrouping close related isolates, [ 11 , 29 – 31 ] and investigating the molecular epidemiology of the virus using traditional phylogenetic methods, such as neighbour-joining or maximum likelihood techniques [ 9 , 32 – 34 ]. Furthermore, such studies draw conclusions on the evolutionary origins of isolates through examining the phylogenetic, spatial and temporal characters in an entirely separate analytical setting [ 33 – 36 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylodynamics and evolutionary epidemiology of African swine fever p72-CVR genes in Eurasia and Africa

et al. 2018

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African swine fever (ASF) is a complex infectious disease of swine that constitutes devastating impacts on animal health and the world economy. Here, we investigated the evolutionary epidemiology of ASF virus (ASFV) in Eurasia and Africa using the concatenated gene sequences of the viral protein 72 and the central variable region of isolates collected between 1960 and 2015. We used Bayesian phylodynamic models to reconstruct the evolutionary history of the virus, to identify virus population demographics and to quantify dispersal patterns between host species. Results suggest that ASFV exhibited a significantly high evolutionary rate and population growth through time since its divergence in the 18th century from East Africa, with no signs of decline till recent years. This increase corresponds to the growing pig trade activities between continents during the 19th century, and may be attributed to an evolutionary drift that resulted from either continuous circulation or maintenance of the virus within Africa and Eurasia. Furthermore, results implicate wild suids as the ancestral host species (root state posterior probability = 0.87) for ASFV in the early 1700s in Africa. Moreover, results indicate the transmission cycle between wild suids and pigs is an important cycle for ASFV spread and maintenance in pig populations, while ticks are an important natural reservoir that can facilitate ASFV spread and maintenance in wild swine populations. We illustrated the prospects of phylodynamic methods in improving risk-based surveillance, support of effective animal health policies, and epidemic preparedness in countries at high risk of ASFV incursion.

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“…Currently, p30 and/or p72 proteins are used as coating antigens in at least 3 commercial ELISA kits for ASFV antibody detection. Caution should be taken when using p72 protein for serological diagnosis because p72 genes are not conserved, especially at the C-terminal end (Achenbach et al, 2017;Boshoff, Bastos, Gerber, & Vosloo, 2007;Michaud, Randriamparany, & Albina, 2013;Muangkram, Sukmak, & Wajjwalku, 2015;Quembo, Jori, Vosloo, & Heath, 2018). In this study, by comparing the p30 protein sequences from 86 ASFV isolates, we found that 3 out of 4 linear epitopes of p30, including epitopes in antigenic regions 3 and 4 are highly conserved.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Antigenic Regions of African Swine Fever Virus Phosphoprotein P30

Lowe

Rodriguez

et al. 2020

Transbound Emerg Dis

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African swine fever (ASF) is one of the most complex and lethally haemorrhagic viral diseases of swine, affecting all breeds and ages of pigs. In the absence of ASF vaccines, reliable laboratory diagnosis and restricted biosecurity are critical for disease prevention and control. A detection of ASF‐specific antibodies in an unvaccinated pig is a good marker for the diagnosis of ASF. The immunoperoxidase test (IPT) is a sensitive test for detecting ASF virus (ASFV) antibodies. However, due to the complexity of the procedure, the IPT is only suitable to be used as a confirmatory test. The ASFV p30 protein‐based enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is widely used for ASFV antibody screening, but the sensitivity is not comparable to the IPT. It is essential to have a better understanding of the antigenic properties of ASFV p30 to improve p30‐based serologic tests. In this study, we developed a panel of 21 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against ASFV p30. With 14 out of the 21 mAbs, we defined 4 antigenic regions that contain at least 4 linear epitopes. Nine of the 14 mAbs mapped to antigenic regions 3 and 4 reacted with p30 in all serologic methods tested in this study, such as indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA), ELISA and Western blot. The antigenic regions 3 and 4 are highly conserved and immunodominant in host antibody response. These mAbs and the defined p30 antigenic regions 3 and 4 provide valuable tools for the development and improvement of ASF serologic assays.

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Phylogeographic analysis of African swine fever virus based on the p72 gene sequence

Cited by 30 publications

References 33 publications

Roles of African swine fever virus structural proteins in viral infection

Roles of African swine fever virus structural proteins in viral infection

Phylodynamics and evolutionary epidemiology of African swine fever p72-CVR genes in Eurasia and Africa

Antigenic Regions of African Swine Fever Virus Phosphoprotein P30

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